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Biomedical subjects

R Kraemer

Publications and source records attributed to R Kraemer.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Mode of action of bronchodilating drugs on histamine-induced bronchoconstriction in asthmatic children.

The bronchodilatory response of three beta 2-agonists (fenoterol, salbutamol, and terbutaline), administered by a metered aerosol inhaler, was assessed in 19 asthmatic children after histamine-induced bronchoconstriction. At 1-min intervals, the changes in total pulmonary flow resistance (R1) and dynamic lung compliance (C dyn) were measured. After rank-ordering according to the base line value of C dyn (62 to 200% predicted), the patients were divided into two groups according to lung compliance: (1) patients with greater compliance (C dyn, 129 to 200% predicted) and (2) patients with lesser compliance (C dyn, 69 to 116% predicted). The effect of the three bronchodilators on the mean decrease of R1 and on the increase of C dyn was studied and analyzed for each drug separately. In all patients, salbutamol was the most efficient bronchodilator of small airways (P less than 0.02). The most striking feature of this beta 2-mimetic was observed in patients whose lungs were initially overinflated (functional residual capacity over 120% predicted) but not obstructed before the histamine challenge (P less than 0.005). In these subjects C dyn and R1 are normalized after inhalation of salbutamol. After fenoterol and terbutaline inhalation, obstruction of the large airways was not fully alleviated. In addition, these two drugs seemed not to affect the ventilatory asynchronism (C dyn alterations) in patients whose lungs had been overinflated before drug inhalation (C dyn again around 150% predicted).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Cimetidine and fat malabsorption in children with cystic fibrosis.

Under controlled clinical observation we administered Cimetidine (600 mg/m2/day) in 10 children with cystic fibrosis. All patients received identical diets (40% fat, 45% carbohydrate, 15% protein) as well as same standardized enzyme preparation (lyophilised whole pancreas). 3-day fecal fat and nitrogen excretion analyses were performed. After 6 days of Cimetidine therapy, an improvement of fat and nitrogen absorption could be detected in 5 patients. Statistical analysis of the group as a whole showed no improvement in fat absorption coefficients. We conclude that this drug therapy should only be recommended for routine clinical use after long-term trials have shown a real improvement of absorption.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Course and quantitative evaluation of the lung involvement in cystic fibrosis].

On the basis of clinical observations the course of pulmonary involvement in cystic fibrosis is studied, and an attempt at classification into three severity groups is made. Clinical and radiological findings, quantified by special scores, are presented and correlations between scores and lung function data are demonstrated. Although respiratory function tests - in particular the ratio of residual volume to total lung capacity (RV/TLC) - correlate with the clinical and chest radiographic scores, division into three severity degrees is only reliable for groups of patients. In the individual patient the clinical, radiological and lung function findings must be taken into account together. Assessment according to a scoring system may be helpful.

Child↗
PubMed1979

The common space of personality traits and vocational interests.

Investigated relationships between personality traits and vocational interests. Cattell's (Research and Consultations Center of Educational Personnel, 1976) CAQ Part I and the Ramak interest inventory (Meir, 1975) based upon Roe's (1956) occupational classification system were administered to a sample of 397 university applicants. Canonical Correlation Analysis and Smallest Space Analysis were used to test two hypotheses (a) relationships exist between personality traits and vocational interests; and (b) personality traits which characterize occupational profiles are arranged in circular order corresponding to the configuration Of the vocational fields which represent those occupations. Both hypotheses were supported by the data.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1979

Relationship between clinical conditions, radiographic findings and pulmonary functions in patients with cystic fibrosis.

Clinical and radiological findings, quantified by special scores, in 36 patients with cystic fibrosis are compared with lung function measurements, including the ratio of RV/TLC and FEV/VC and the arterial blood gases at rest and during exercise. Although respiratory function tests were found to correlate well with both the pulmonary finding score and the chest radiographic score, distinction of three severity groups was possible only by a vector calculation of the blood gases in PaO2-PaCO2-diagram, at rest and during exercise. Thus, measurements of pO2 and pCO2 at rest and on exercise appear to be a helpful adjuvant to routine spirometry for the individual appraisal of the degree of lung involvement, performance and care level.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Pharmacodynamic studies in suicidal digoxin poisoning (author's transl)].

In two patients with suicidal digoxin poisoning the correlations between serum digoxin concentration and changes in the duration of QTc and the flattening of the T-waves were studied. The digoxin serum half-life following suicidal digoxin poisoning was in the first patient (10 mg beta-acetyl derivative of digoxin) 77 h, prolonged cause of renal insufficiency, and in the second patient 39.6 h. (20 mg beta-acetyl derivative of digoxin). In both patients the digoxin induced flattening of the T-wave reached a plateau of maximum efficacy at a serum level of 2-3 ng/ml with no further change up to a serum level of 13.2 ng/ml and 9.6 ng/ml respectively. A linear correlation, however, was found between the digoxin serum concentration and the digoxin induced shortening of QTc, r = 0.88 and r = 0.92 respectively. A plateau maximum efficacy was not found. The regression equations were y = -12.0 chi + 430.8 and y = -8.0 chi + 391.9 respectively. The shortening of QTc is therefore an important parameter for the diagnosis of digoxin poisoning. It can be determined very quick with no methodical problems.

Digoxin↗
PubMed1978

[Pseudothrombopenia (proceedings)].

Two cases of spurious thrombocytopenia are reported, one induced by platelet satellitism and the other by platelet aggregation. These phenomena occur in vitro, only in the presence of EDTA and are linked with the presence of IgG in the patients' sera.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Relative underweight in cystic fibrosis and its prognostic value.

On the basis of observations in 117 children with cystic fibrosis, seen from January 1956 to June 1976, it is demonstrated that the relative underweight (weight loss corrected for height) is most pronounced in children with predominantly pulmonary sypmtoms. The degree of underweight closely correlates inversely with survival. Because of its prognostic value, it is recommended that this clinical parameter be included in the checkups which are periodically carried out on children suffering from cystic fibrosis.

Body Weight↗