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Biomedical subjects

R Koch

Publications and source records attributed to R Koch.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Automatic stapling devices in the surgery of the lung and the bronchial tree (author's transl)].

Until 1969 the bronchial stump was closed by hand with a suture of steel wire; the rate of empyemas reached 4.2%. After using the automatic stapler device TA 30 and TA 55 the postoperative empyema rate, including stump, insufficiencies, decreased to an average of 3%. Since 1972 the stapling devices had been used regularly in lung surgery. The rate of postoperative empyema and stump insufficiency in 378 patients operated 1974-1980 dropped to 1.6%. Technical and surgical failures were the cause for the disasters. For 4 years there has been no stump insufficiency.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1981

Plasma phenylalanine levels in phenylketonuric heterozygous and normal adults administered aspartame at 34 mg/kg body weight.

Following administration of aspartame (34 mg/kg body wt) in orange juice, plasma concentrations of free amino acids were measured in 12 female subjects known to be heterozygous for phenylketonuria and 22 normal subjects (12 male, 10 female). No change in fasting plasma aspartate concentrations were noted after aspartame loading in either group. In normal male subjects, the mean (+/-S.D.) plasma phenylalanine concentration increased from a fasting value of 5.86 +/- 1.25 mumol/dl. Plasma phenylalanine levels in normal female subjects increased from a mean fasting concentration of 4.83 +/- 0.84 mumol/dl to a men peak value of 8.95 +/- 1.49 mumol/dl suggesting a more rapid absorption, metabolism, and/or clearance of phenylalanine by females. In female heterozygous subjects, the mean peak plasma phenylalanine concentration was significantly higher than in normal females. Plasma phenylalanine values increased from a mean fasting value of 5.92 +/- 1.51 mumol/dl to a mean peak value of 15.1 +/- 4.76 mumol/dl. Similarly, the area under the plasma phenylalanine concentration-time curve was significantly greater in heterozygous female subjects (21.36 +/- 5.10 IU) than in normal female subjects (10.84 +/- 2.32 IU). However, peak plasma phenylalanine levels were well below those associated with toxic effects in all cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Correlates of intelligence test results in treated phenylketonuric children.

The Collaborative Study of Children Treated for Phenylketonuria was initiated in 1967. The data presented are based on findings in 132 children treated from near birth to 6 years of age. Two treatment groups were randomly formed. The target for blood phenylalanine was 1.0 to 5.4 mg/100 ml for group 1 and 5.5 to 9.9 mg/100 ml for group 2. Although mean blood phenylalanine levels for both groups initially fell within the prescribed ranges, a steady increase over time resulted in mean six year levels of 11.4 mg/100 ml and 13.0 mg/100 ml for the two groups, respectively. Because it was not possible to maintain the prescribed differences in blood phenylalanine levels between the two groups, they were combined for further analyses. The mean IQ of the total sample at age 6 years was 98 on the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale. Multiple regression analysis showed that, among selected treatment and psychosocial factors, the most important predictors of IQ for 6-year-old children were: (1) mothers' intellectual ability (as measured on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale); (2) age at which the subjects were first treated; and (3) how well the subjects adhered to the phenylalanine-restricted diet. It was concluded that optimal early treatment will result in normal levels of intelligence at 6 years of age.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1980

Reproductive counselling for adolescent females with phenylketonuria.

It is our goal to provide young adolescents with the information needed to make an informed choice, and a support system for them and their families, in whatever they choose. 1. Sterilization is not advocated. 2. Pregnancy is not advocated. 3. Reliable birth control methods are encouraged. 4. Organized reproductive counseling is essential using concrete problem solving--diagram, taste tests, etc. 5. Diet trial before or during pregnancy requires an informed understanding of the responsibilities of parenthood.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Developmental aspects of galactosemia from infancy to childhood.

The developmental status of 60 galactosemic infants, their subsequent intellectual level, school status, visual-perceptual skills, and EEG results were analyzed. In addition, the intelligence of the parents and the unaffected siblings, as well as the educational and vocational status of the parents, were also investigated. The results reveal that the highest level of mental development was in the preschool age group. The lowest level, and still within normal limits, was in the school-age children. The overall findings are consistent with earlier observations that better progress is found in those individuals whose dietary control is instituted at the youngest age level.

Adolescent↗