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Biomedical subjects

R Klein

Publications and source records attributed to R Klein.

At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against the Epstein-Barr virus membrane antigen.

Five murine hybridoma lines that produce monoclonal antibodies against Epstein-Barr virus membrane antigen (MA) were established. Immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated that three of the antibodies precipitated both the 236,000 (236K) MA and the 212K MA. The other two antibodies precipitated the 86K MA. Antibodies against the 236K-212K MA and the 86K MA mediated complement-dependent cytolysis of Epstein-Barr-virus-infected cells. The antibodies against the 86K MA neutralized both the B95-8 and P3HR-1 viruses.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1982

Chlorination of taurine by human neutrophils. Evidence for hypochlorous acid generation.

The model hydrogen peroxide-myeloperoxidase-chloride system is capable of generating the powerful oxidant hypochlorous acid, which can be quantitated by trapping the generated species with the beta-amino acid, taurine. The resultant stable product, taurine chloramine, can be quantitated by its ability to oxidize the sulfhydryl compound, 5-thio-2-nitro-benzoic acid to the disulfide, 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitroben-zoic acid) or to oxidize iodide to iodine. Using this system, purified myeloperoxidase in the presence of chloride and taurine converted stoichiometric quantities of hydrogen peroxide to taurine chloramine. Chloramine generation was absolutely dependent on hydrogen peroxide, myeloperoxidase, and chloride and could be inhibited by catalase, myeloperoxidase inhibitors, or chloride-free conditions. In the presence of taurine, intact human neutrophils stimulated with either phorbol myristate acetate or opsonized zymosan particles generated a stable species capable of oxidizing 5-thio-2-nitrobenzoic acid or iodide. Resting cells did not form this species. The oxidant formed by the stimulated neutrophils was identified as taurine chloramine by both ultraviolet spectrophotometry and electrophoresis. Taurine chloramine formation by the neutrophil was dependent on the taurine concentration, time, and cell number. Neutrophil-dependent chloramine generation was inhibited by catalase, the myeloperoxidase inhibitors, azide, cyanide, or aminotriazole and by chloride-free conditions, but not by superoxide dismutase or hydroxyl radical scavengers. Thus, it appears that stimulated human neutrophils can utilize the hydrogen peroxide-myeloperoxidase-chloride system to generate taurine chloramine. Based on the demonstrated ability of the myeloperoxidase system to generate free hypochlorous acid we conclude that neutrophils chlorinate taurine by producing this powerful oxidant. The biologic reactivity and cytotoxic potential of hypochlorous acid and its chloramine derivatives suggest that these oxidants play an important role in the inflammatory response and host defense.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1982

A survey of personal habits, symptoms of illness, and histories of disease in man with and without vasectomies.

Using questionnaire information provided by 4.385 vasectomized and 13,155 matched, non-vasectomized men, we found no significant differences between them for a large number of symptoms and diseases, including those of the cardiovascular system. After taking into account differences in their martial status, past smoking habits, and physical activity at work, significant statistical associations of vasectomy with joint pain or swelling, back trouble, and a history of kidney or bladder infection persisted. Our data are inconsistent with the occurrence of large increases in the risks of many important diseases in vasectomized humans.

California↗
PubMed1982

An inherited central retinal pigment epithelial dystrophy.

This report describes three generations of one family in which a mother and three of her children were affected by an unusual bilateral symmetrical atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium in the macular area. All members of the family underwent complete eye examinations, stereoscopic color fundus photography and fluorescein angiography. The mother and four of her children underwent Goldmann visual fields, electroretinography, electro-oculography, Farnsworth-Munsell 100-Hue test, 24-hour quantitative urine analysis for amino acids, serum lipid profile, plasma vitamin E and zinc levels, whole blood selenium and glutathione peroxidase levels, and red blood cell fragility testing. Except for the mother all members of this family were asymptomatic, had good visual acuity and had normal electrophysiologic findings. The mother had bilateral disciform scars resulting in loss of vision. There was no evidence of aminoaciduria or of abnormalities in systemic factors tested which may be associated with protection against lipoprotein peroxidation. This condition appears to be similar to central areolar retinal pigment epithelial dystrophy reported by Fetkenhour et al. (1976).

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Intraocular pressure and cardiovascular risk variables.

The relationship between intraocular pressure and several cardiovascular risk factors was evaluated in data from the Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of 1971 to 1974. Mean IOP increased with increasing age for all groups. Blacks tended to have slightly higher levels than did whites. Intraocular pressure was correlated positively with systemic blood pressure in all groups. The pattern of the association of IOP with hematocrit reading, sedimentation rate, pulse rate, and serum cholesterol level was not consistent in the four race-sex groups. In all groups the variables in a regression model accounted for, at most, 8% of the variability in IOP reading.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Abnormal electro-oculograms from eyes with a malignant melanoma of the choroid.

Electro-oculograms (EOGs) were recorded from 14 patients with a malignant melanoma of the choroid, nine of which were histologically verified. Twelve of the 14 eyes (86%) with a malignant melanoma of the choroid had an EOG value that was considered borderline. One eye studied had a normal EOG value and a histologically verified malignant melanoma. EOGs were also recorded from a group of eight patients with a choroidal nervus. Five of these eight eyes had normal EOG values, two eyes had borderline EOG values, and one eye had an abnormal EOG value. The EOG value in eyes with a malignant melanoma of the choroid was inversely related to the size of the melanoma. Abnormal EOG values were obtained, however, from eyes lesions occupying only a few square millimeters.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Equity and the NHS: self-reported morbidity, access, and primary care.

The patterns of access to primary health care for 27 154 people were examined, using the raw data of the 1974 General Household Survey about self-reported morbidity and use of services. Access rates were calculated for four categories of health: the not ill, the acutely sick, the chronically sick without restricted activity, and the chronically sick with restricted activity. Contrary to the conclusions of existing publications, the analysis shows that the NHS has achieved equity in terms of access to primary health care: there is no consistent bias against the lower socioeconomic groups and, in the case of some health care categories, these have proportionately higher rates of access than their rates of self-reported morbidity would indicate. The findings also show large variations in patterns of access both between and within these categories of health.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

Fluorophotometry. I. Technique.

A radiometer and photomultiplier assembly was used to measure light intensities under several artificial conditions to assess the efficacy of the fluorophotometer and the technique of ocular fluorophotometer and the technique of ocular fluorophotometry. Using an artificial eye and a cat eye that had undergone vitrectomy, we found that scatter of light from the retinal surface may contribute to the fluorescence recorded.

Animals↗