Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R Khurana

Publications and source records attributed to R Khurana.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Respiratory failure and unilateral caudal brainstem infarction.

We report clinicotopographic correlations in 2 patients with central hypoventilation and unilateral infarct in the caudal brainstem. One patient had nearly complete loss of ventilation involving both automatic and voluntary components. He showed no ventilator response during a CO2 retention test (PaCO2 62 mm Hg, PaO2 82 mm Hg), while consciousness was preserved until death. The infarct involved the reticular formation, nucleus tractus solitarius, nucleus ambiguus, and nucleus retroambiguus on the right but spared the dorsal motor nucleus of the tenth cranial nerve, and sensory and corticospinal tracts. The second patient showed hypoventilation more selectively involving automatic responses (Ondine's curse). The infarct involved the medullary reticular formation and nucleus ambiguus but spared the nucleus tractus solitarius. We suggest that unilateral involvement of pontomedullary reticular formation and nucleus ambiguus is sufficient for generating loss of automatic respiration, while associated lesion of the nucleus tractus solitarius may lead to more severe respiratory failure involving both automatic and voluntary responses.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Holoprosencephaly (a case report).

We describe here a rare entity of Holoprosencephaly. The embryogenesis and the diagnostic aspects of this condition are highlighted.

Female↗
PubMed1990

Complications of nasogastric and gastrostomy tube feedings in children with end stage renal disease.

Twelve children with end stage renal disease requiring dialysis received enteral feedings via nasogastric (NG) or gastrostomy (G) tube between 1984 and 1989 for provision of adequate nutrition. Records were reviewed for frequency and types of complications seen. Six patients, ages 1 week to 16 months received NG feedings for a total of 32 months. Complications included persistent vomiting with recurrent aspiration (2), persistent vomiting with peritoneal dialysis (PD) exit site leak (1), sinusitis (1), and refusal to continue NG feeds because of patient/parental anxiety (1). Three of the 6 were changed to G tube feedings after 2 days to 3 months. The complication rate was 1 per 6.4 patient months. Nine patients, ages 4 days to 11 years, received G tube feedings for 64 months. The complication rate was similar, 1 per 7.1 months. Complications were PD fluid leak around G tube exit site (1), G tube infection (2), G tube obstruction requiring tube replacement (3), tube migration producing intestinal obstruction (1), and gastrocutaneous fistula (2). Both methods were associated with similar complication rates, although somewhat different types of complications were seen. The young dialysis patient may have certain unique risks in addition to the complications generally associated with enteral feedings.

Child↗
PubMed1977

Hypokalemic vacuolar myopathy of chronic alcoholism. A histological and histochemical study.

Recent reports have emphasized the occurrence of a myopathy in chronic alcoholism associated with hypokalemia. This report of hypokalemic myopathy in a chronic alcoholic, emphasizes the primary myopathic nature of the condition and attributes it to a possible non-specific effect of the hypokalemia on skeletal muscle. It is pointed out, that histological and histochemical changes of muscle in this type of myopathy are indistinguishable from other types of hypokalemic myopathies like periodic paralysis. It is conjectured that in alcoholic myopathy, the underlying disorder might be related to a primary disturbance of potassium metabolism, though in most cases, serum potassium is normal. It is likely that studies aimed at studying total body potassium content and turnover in alcoholic myopathy would help in understanding its pathogenesis and possible relationship to disturbed potassium metabolism.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Marijuana and T lymphocyte rosettes.

The effect of marijuana smoking on sheep cell rosetting properties of both early (active) and total T lymphocytes was studied in vitro. Significantly fewer active rosettes were formed by T cells from a population of 35 who appeared to be chronic marijuana smokers than the 34 controls. The late, or cold-enhanced rosettes formed by smokers and nonsmokers were similar, suggesting that similar numbers of rosette-forming T cells were present in the peripheral blood of smokers. These data suggest that marijuana smoking may affect the function of a subpopulation of T lymphocytes, identified by their capacity to form early rosettes, possibly by affecting these cell membranes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Unusual demyelinating disease. A form of diffuse-disseminated sclerosis.

A young man, in good health until the age of 22, developed progressive personality changes, lethargy, motor diffuculities, urinary bladder dysfunction, and convulsions. Spinal fluid abnormalities included monocytic pleocytosis and selective increase of gamma globulins. The clinical features and the structural lesions in the central nervous system are reminiscent of disseminated-diffuse sclerosis. Oligodendrocytes appeared normal in number and showed nonspecific abnormalities. Comparison of the structural lesions found in this case with those described in seven reports of demyelination indicates that the separation of this syndrome, as a distinct entity, may not be justified. We suggest that such cases be classified as myelinoclastic disorders, in the same category with multiple sclerosis and its variants.

Adult↗