Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R Kelly

Publications and source records attributed to R Kelly.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Delayed hypersensitivity: indicator of acquired failure of host defenses in sepsis and trauma.

Primary failure of host defense mechanisms has been associated with increased infection and mortality. Anergy, the failure of delayed hypersensitivity response, has been shown to identify surgical patients at increased risk for sepsis and related mortality. The anergic and relatively anergic patients whose skin tests failed to improve had a mortality rate of 74.4%, whereas those who improved their responses had a mortality rate of 5.1% (P < 0.001). This study documents abnormalities of neutrophil chemotaxis, T-lymphocyte rosetting in anergic patients and the effect of autologous serum. These abnormalities may account for the increased infection and mortality rates in anergic patients. Skin testing with five standard antigens has identified 110 anergic (A) or relatively anergic (RA) patients in whom neutrophil chemotaxis (CTX) and bactericidal function (NBF), T-lymphocyte rosettes, mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC), cell-mediated lympholysis (CML), and blastogenic factor (BF) were studied. The MLC, CML and BF were normal in the patients studied, and were not clinically helpful. Neutrophil CTX in 19 controls was 117.5 +/- 1.6 u whereas in 40 A patients, neutrophils migrated 81.7 +/- 2.3 u and in 15 RA patients 97.2 +/- 3.8 u (P < 0.01). In 14 patients whose skin tests converted to normal, neutrophil migration improved from 78.2 +/- 5.4 u to 107.2 +/- 4.0 u (P < 0.01). Incubation of A or control neutrophils in A serum reduced migration in A patients from 93 +/- 3.7 u to 86.2 +/- 3.5 u (P < 0.01) and in normals from 121.2 +/- 1.6 u to 103.6 +/- 2.6 u (P < 0.001). The per cent rosette forming cells in 66 A patients was 42.5 +/- 3.1 compared to 53.6 +/- 2.8 in normal responders (P < 0.02). Incubation of normal lymphocytes in anergic serum further reduced rosetting by 30%. Restoration of delayed hypersensitivity responses and concurrent improvement in cellular and serum components of host defense were correlated with maintenance of adequate nutrition and aggressive surgical drainage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Dermatoses in geriatric patients.

Geriatric patients, though they may present many of the dermatological problems occurring throughout adult life, show a greater incidence of the degenerative skin changes consequent on sun exposure in the form of collagen degeneration, solar keratoses, keratoacanthoma and skin cancer. The benign, precancerous and malignant skin tumours, the various types of eczema, senile pruritus and certain other conditions will be discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Steroids and oxygen solubility.

Determinations of oxygen solubility in serum were made utilizing various concentrations of corticosteroids in the serum. Within a certain concentration range dexamethasone and betamethasone caused an increase in oxygen solubility. None of the other steroids tested demonstrated this property.

Betamethasone↗
PubMed1976

Reversible intestinal mucosal abnormality in acrodermatitis enteropathica.

In 3 cases of acrodermatitis enteropathica duodenal biopsy performed at the outset of treatment showed a similar abnormality of the intestinal mucosa. Further biopsies taken during treatment showed progressive improvement of the intestinal mucosa with subsequent complete restoration of the normal cellular and villous pattern. The initial treatment was with expressed human breast milk and oral di-iodohydroxyquinoline. The latter was continued alone and later replaced by zinc sulphate. Changes in the intestinal epithelial cells and inflammatory cell infiltration of the lamina propria still detectable on di-iodohydroxyquinoline therapy reverted to normal with oral zinc.

Acrodermatitis↗
PubMed1976

Central effect of beta adrenergic blocking agents on arterial blood pressure.

dl-Sotalol, dl-pindolol, d-propranolol and dl-propranolol were evaluated for central hypotensive activity in chloralose-anesthetized vagotomized cats. Blood pressure and average evoked potentials recorded from one postganglionic renal nerve were measured during intraventricular (lateral ventricle) or intravenous (radial vein) infusion of each agent. Potentials were evoked in the sympathetic nerve by single shocks to the sciatic nerve. Three concentrations (1, 3, 5 mM) of each compound were infused consecutively for 20 minutes per concentration. The decrease in blood pressure after intraventricular infusion of 1 mM pindolol, 5 mM d-propranolol and 3 mM dl-propranolol was significantly greater than the decrease after intravenous infusion of the same concentrations of each agent. The decrease in the average evoked potential after intraventricular infusion of the 5 mM concentration was greater than the response after intravenous infusion. Consecutive (1, 3, 5 mM) intraventricular or intravenous infusions of sotalol did not significantly change either parameter. During intraventricular infusion of 3 mM dl-propranolol blood pressures was markedly decreased at a time when the average evoked potential was unchanged; however, parallel changes were observed during infusion of the drug in vagotomized cats in which the carotid sinus baroreceptors were also denervated. The results indicate a) that intraventricular administration of d-propranolol, dl-propranolol and dl-pindolol, but not of dl-sotalol, decreased blood pressure and discharge evoked in the postganglionic renal nerve by an action on central sympathetic structures, and b) that baroreceptor activity during hypotension can overcome the depressant effect of dl-propranolol on potentials evoked reflexly in the renal nerve.

Animals↗
PubMed1974

Lipid catabolism of relapsing fever borreliae.

Relapsing fever borreliae require lipid compounds for growth in vitro. In this study, the major pathways of lipid catabolism in three species of tick-borne relapsing fever borreliae were investigated. Thin-layer chromatography was used to compare chloroform-methanol extracts of fresh culture media with extracts of exhausted culture media after organisms were removed by centrifugation. The chromatographic data demonstrated that lysolecithin was removed from the culture media during growth of the spirochetes, whereas lecithin, sphingomyelin, triglycerides, and cholesterol esters were not affected by growth of the organisms. Sonic extracts of the organism were tested for the presence of specific enzymes of lipid catabolism. Lysolecithinase, glycerophosphorylcholine diesterase, and acid phosphatase activities were demonstrated. Thus, these organisms can sequentially dissimilate lysolecithin to fatty acids, choline, inorganic phosphate, and glycerol. Assays for phospholipases A, C, and D, alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, and lipase were negative.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1971

Cultivation of Borrelia hermsi.

A medium has been developed which permits the isolation and growth of Borrelia hermsi, an organism that causes relapsing fever.

Animals↗