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Biomedical subjects

R Kawaguchi

Publications and source records attributed to R Kawaguchi.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Determination of human IgG subclass by EIA].

The human IgG subclasses have specific characteristics in response to respective antigens, and determination of their characteristics is important in analysis of infectious, autoimmune and other diseases. We developed quantitative EIA (ELISA) assays for Japanese human IgG subclasses with excellent reproducibilities using monoclonal antibodies. The assays enable determinations between 0.4 ng/ml and 2,000 ng/ml. The serum IgG subclass levels (mean+SD) in healthy adults are as follows: IgG1, 5.93 + 2.07 mg/ml (59.94%); IgG2, 3.36 + 1.84 mg/ml (32.97%); IgG3, 0.30 + 0.19 mg/ml (3.07%); and IgG4, 0.22 + 0.15 mg/ml (2.34%). Excellent correlation was obtained between total IgG level measured by EIA using anti-whole human serum and the sum of the four IgG subclasses (IgG1+IgG2+IgG3+IgG4). Samples from every patient with M protein of IgG1 and IgG2 types shown by M band on immunoelectrophoresis also had the highest level in four IgG subclasses.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Detection of the most common mutation of adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency among Japanese by a non-radioactive method.

About 79% of all the Japanese patients with adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRT) deficiency have been estimated to possess at least one APRT*J allele with a substitution of ACG for ATG at codon 136. We developed a non-radioactive method for diagnosing genotypes of this disease. Part of the genomic DNA including the mutation site of the APRT*J allele was amplified using polymerase chain reaction and the amplified product was dot-blotted onto nylon membranes and then hybridized with either APRT*J-specific or non-APRT*J-specific synthetic oligonucleotides labelled at the 5' termini with biotin in the presence of non-labelled competitive synthetic sequences. The temperature was gradually decreased during the hybridization. When competitive sequences were omitted, difference in the intensity of the hybridization between APRT*J-containing and non-containing samples was not sufficiently clear to differentiate the genotypes. When an excess amount of competitive sequences was added in addition to biotin-labelled oligonucleotides, this method effectively differentiated samples containing only APRT*J alleles from those containing only non-APRT*J alleles. The present method was also useful to differentiate samples with both APRT*J and non-APRT*J alleles from those having only either of the alleles. An equivalent procedure using competitive sequence for hybridization and gradually decreasing the temperature will be useful for detecting point mutations in other genes.

Adenine Phosphoribosyltransferase↗
PubMed1990

[A determination of anti-insulin receptor antibody in serum--a radioreceptor assay excluded the influence of insulin and anti-insulin antibody].

We studied an anti-insulin receptor antibody (IRAb) assay that excludes the influence of serum insulin and anti-insulin antibody in patients with anti-insulin antibody and normal subjects. The placental membranes strongly bound with 125I-insulin at 4 degrees C. The insulin specificity of the radioreceptor assay was confirmed by adding excess non-labeled insulin and other human hormones to the assay system. The strong correlation between the receptor binding reactivity (%) and the anti-insulin antibody levels was noted in the conventional direct IRAb assay (r = -0.95), but not in the present IRAb assay (r = 0.46) in 10 clinical samples. The placental membranes were stable as the target insulin receptor for IRAb assay at -80 degrees C for at least 4 months. A significant difference in IRAb levels was found between 10 patients with positive anti-insulin antibody and 20 normal controls (p less than 0.01, student t test). The coexistence of insulin and anti-insulin antibody were removed by absorbance to silicagel and by utilizing the two-step (indirect) assay, respectively. IRAb assay without the influence of serum cofactors showed excellent reproducibilities (CV 4.4% (N = 5) and 12.5% (N = 5) in within and between assay variations, respectively).

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1989

[ELISA for platelet-associated IgG, IgM, and C3, and their clinical application].

The platelet-associated IgG (PAIgG) has been reported to elevate in the patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and other autoimmune diseases. However, low PAIgG levels have been often recognized in thrombocytopenia. We speculated about the increasing of other platelet-associated proteins in those patients, and tried to determine platelet-associated IgM (PAIgM) and platelet-associated C3 (PAC3) using a high sensitive competitive micro-ELISA as well as PAIgG. Our results showed the specific elevation of PAIgM and PAC3 in thrombocytopenia as well as the PAIgG level (p less than 0.01). Further, the weak correlations among these levels were found (PAIgG/PAIgM: n = 7, correlation coefficient (r) = 0.55, PAIgG/PAC3: n = 73, r = 0.61, PAIgM/PAC3: n = 56, r = 0.39). We discussed on the possibility that the PAIgM and PAC3 also could be an indicator for the platelet injury and may cause the short platelet life span resulting thrombocytopenia as well as PAIgG.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1989

Determination by ion-exchange chromatography of trifluoroacetic acid as a biliary metabolite of isoflurane in the rabbit.

The optimal composition of eluant for trifluoroacetic acid (TFAA) analysis by ion-exchange chromatography was determined and a preliminary study to detect TFAA, a metabolite of isoflurane, in bile of rabbits during and after inhalation of isoflurane was made. The optimal composition of eluant for TFAA analysis by ion-exchange chromatography was determined to be a solution of 2mM Na2CO3 and 4mM NaHCO3. Rabbits were divided into 4 groups; A group: 1 hr inhalation of 2% isoflurane, B group: 2 hr inhalation of 2% isoflurane, C group: 2 hr inhalation of 3% isoflurane, and D group: 2 hr inhalation of 4% isoflurane. The maximum biliary TFAA concentration in groups A, B, C and D averaged 17.5 +/- 1.4 microM (mean +/- S.D.) at 105 min, 37.1 +/- 11.5 microM at 315 min, 54.5 +/- 9.4 microM at 585 min and 34.4 +/- 12.1 microM at 555 min after termination of inhalation. Cumulative excreted amounts of biliary TFAA for 20 hours were 746 nmols in A group (8 hours), 3,421 nmols in B group, 6,582 nmols in C group and 3,267 nmols in D group. Half-lives of biliary excreted TFAA were 63 min, 325 min, 478 min and 546 min, respectively. These results showed that ion-exchange chromatography is more convenient for detecting TFAA as a metabolite of isoflurane than isotachophoresis, gas chromatography, paper chromatography and thin layer chromatography and that TFAA was determined as a biliary metabolite of isoflurane in the rabbit.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Experience in transurethral prostatic resection by the Mauermayer method].

One hundred patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy were treated by transurethral prostatic resection by the Mauermayer method. Average resection time was 67.5 minutes and average weight of resected tissue was 26.2 g. Incidence of intraoperative and postoperative complications were within reasonable range and no serious complication including death occurred. Preoperative and postoperative uroflowmetric examinations were carried out on 61 patients and a significant improvement of urinary flow was demonstrated. The Mauermayer method is a safe and effective method of prostatic resection.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[Localization of hypoplastic kidney by enhanced computed tomography: experiences with five ectopic ureters with hypoplastic kidneys].

Five children with ectopic ureters and hypoplastic kidneys are reported. Hypoplastic kidneys in these cases could not be detected by excretory urography, renal scintigraphy or other routine examinations. Finally, in three cases we could diagnose the localization of hypoplastic kidney by enhanced computed tomography. Enhanced computed tomography is very valuable for diagnosis of localization of hypoplastic kidney.

Child↗
PubMed1983

[Lipoma of the medulla oblongata--an autopsy case report].

An autopsy case of a 34-year-old female with an intracranial lipoma at the lowerst portion of the cerebellomedullary cistern is reported. Intracranial limpomas are rare and to date, only a few autopsy cases have been reported in Japan. A tumor portion, externally protruding from the medulla oblongata was mainly composed of adult adipose tissue; there were many onion-bulbs, consisting of Schwann-like cells, in the parenchyma of the medulla oblongata which was almost completely replaced with tumor tissue. The tumor appeared to be derived from primitive meninx which may have differentiated into adult fat cells. The intracranial lipoma was considered to be a hamartomatous tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical statistics on outpatients, inpatients and operations at the Department of Urology, Hyogo College of Medicine, in 1982].

Statistical studies on 2,040 new outpatients, 575 inpatients and 570 operative procedures at our department in 1982 revealed the following. The most frequent diseases among the outpatients were urogenital infections followed by anomalies and tumors. Over half of the inpatients were pediatric patients and the major diseases among inpatients were hypospadias, vesicoureteral reflux, urolithiasis, congenital urethral stenosis and undescended testis. A total of 570 operations were performed on 531 patients, and the major five operations were hypospadias repair (79), optic internal urethrotomy (71), TUR-P (49), ureterocystoneostomy (33) and orchidopexy (32).

Adolescent↗