Biomedical subjects

R K Phillips

Publications and source records attributed to R K Phillips.

186 records · Page 11Linked to original sources

PubMed1978

Electrophoretic evaluation of sera from dogs with cancer.

A quantitative electrophoretic method was developed for evaluating sera from dogs with naturally occurring malignant tumors. Electrophoretic migration ratios (EMR) were devised to standardize characteristic protein components and to analyze alterations in mobility of these protein components, using a computerized densitometric technique. Sera values from dogs with lymphosarcomas, osteosarcomas, and mammary tumors were compared, using conventional methods of statistical analysis. Results indicate a statistical difference existed between mean values of EMR and alpha2-globulins of sera from dogs with tumors and those values from normal dogs. In addition, unique EMR and concentration of protein components were identified for dogs with lymphosarcomas, osteosarcomas, and mammary tumors.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Adequate distal margin of resection for adenocarcinoma of the rectum.

There are two questions in the surgical treatment of rectal cancer: (1) How far below a palpable rectal cancer should a surgeon cut in order to avoid cutting through cancer and, (2) Given that the surgeon has not cut through cancer, could the chance of subsequent recurrent rectal cancer have been reduced if an even greater length of bowel had been removed. For mobile tumors that are not poorly differentiated the answer to the first question is far enough in order to get a right-angled clamp on below the tumor that will not slip; the answer to the second question is no.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Upper intestinal surveillance in familial adenomatous polyposis.

Our understanding of the natural history of upper gastrointestinal (GI) involvement in familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is still evolving, although we know that the main cause of death after colectomy in FAP is upper GI malignancy, affecting 5% of patients. The aim of duodenal surveillance is to target high risk individuals and identify cancers early. We have screened 200 patients prospectively and have observed that duodenal polyposis progresses slowly, but there are some young people who have severe disease who merit close observation. We pay particular attention to endoscopic technique and histological detail, and use a duodenal staging system. Patients are offered randomisation to studies of chemopreventive agents, and those with advanced disease are considered for surgery. Successful management is inhibited by our deficient knowledge of the natural history of upper gastrointestinal polyposis, and by our inability to identify high risk individuals with histological markers rather than because of any technological deficiencies in endoscopic equipment.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Duplex Doppler ultrasound identifies veins suitable for insertion of central feeding catheters.

Central venous access for feeding catheters may prove difficult in patients who have had numerous previous central line insertions or complications. Duplex Doppler ultrasound was used to identify the anatomy and patency of major central veins in 11 patients in whom attempts at obtaining central venous access by an experienced operator had failed at least once and in 40 control subjects. Doppler ultrasound demonstrated the subclavian veins (diameter 12.5 +/- 3.5 mm, mean +/- SE) and internal jugular veins (11 +/- 3.5 mm) in all the control subjects. In the patients, 18 of 44 veins were patent, 11 were small or had low blood flow, and 15 were thrombosed. In 7 patients who required central feeding catheter insertion, a suitable vein was identified and the catheter suitably placed, even in 3 subjects where no central vein was considered normal. Duplex Doppler ultrasonography is a useful technique for identifying veins suitable for the insertion of central venous lines when access has previously proved difficult.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A rapid microplate-based fluorometric assay for phagocytosis.

A highly sensitive quantitative fluorometric assay for phagocytosis, previously measured using fluorescence spectrophotometry or flow cytometry, has been adapted for use with a 96-well fluorescence plate reader. The technique allows rapid analysis of large numbers of samples, and requires only a small sample volume. Comparison of plate types demonstrated that opaque white 96-well luminostrips produced a 100 fold greater fluorescent output, and were more sensitive than black fluoroplates. Intraplate variability was also significantly lower using white luminostrips. For the phagocytic assay, fluorescein conjugated polystyrene beads were incubated with macrophage monolayers in white luminostrips. After incubation, cells were washed, lysed and phagocytosis quantified by determining the fluorescent intensity using a fluorescence plate reader. The number of beads phagocytized was determined from a standard curve of bead number versus fluorescent output. The phagocytic activity of resident and thioglycollate-elicited peritoneal macrophages was compared using this technique.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Initial experience with the AKA-2 and AKA-4 device for intestinal compression anastomosis in colorectal surgery].

A prospective study was undertaken to analyse the results of sutureless colorectal anastomosis, by using an anastomotic compression device designed by Russians, the AKA gun. Ten patients were submitted do colorectal resection, 5 for retrosigmoid cancer, 3 for familial adenomatous polyposis and 2 for rectal procidentia. No mortality. Anastomotic leakage occurred in 1 patient which was treated by a defunctioning colostomy and had a good recovery. Clinical, radiologic and endoscopic postoperative controls were within normality. Comparisons are made between the sutureless anastomosis technique and the traditional ones. Initial results are regarded, by the authors, as encouraging and so they intend to go on the study.

Adult↗