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Biomedical subjects

R K Lee

Publications and source records attributed to R K Lee.

68 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Firearm mortality in Texas, 1976-1985: how far is Fort Smith?

Firearm injuries significantly affect mortality rates in many states throughout the United States. We reviewed all deaths due to injuries in all state for 1985 to determine deaths from firearm injury in proportion to deaths from all injuries in each state. We then compared Texas data with those of other states. Death certificate data for Texas from 1976 through 1985 were used to describe Texas firearm mortality rates by age, gender, and race and to compare firearm injury with other causes of mortality in Texas. Texas ranked first among states in the proportion of injury deaths caused by firearms, with an annual firearm death rate of 21.2 per 10,000. Of the 30,906 firearm deaths recorded in Texas during the 10-year study period, 650 involved children. Black males had the highest firearm homicide rate (53.9 per 100,000 per year), and white males had the highest firearm suicide rate (15.7 per 100,000 per year). Firearms accounted for 11% of the total years of productive life lost. The economic cost of firearm deaths in Texas was estimated to be $40.7 billion per year. Strategies for preventing these deaths are discussed.

Female↗
PubMed1988

Inescapable shock and attention to internal versus external cues in a water discrimination escape task.

In these experiments we examined discrimination learning in a water escape task following exposure to escapable, yoked inescapable, or no electric shock. Inescapable shock did not have an effect on swim speeds in any of the experiments. Inescapable shock interfered with the acquisition of a position (left-right) discrimination when an irrelevant brightness cue (black and white stimuli) was present. However, inescapable shock did not affect the acquisition of the position discrimination when the irrelevant brightness cue was removed. Inescapably shocked subjects showed facilitated learning relative to escapably shocked and nonshocked subjects when the brightness cue was included as a relevant cue. These data may resolve discrepancies between studies that did, and did not, find inescapable shock to interfere with the acquisition of discriminations. Moreover, they point to attentional processes as one locus of the cognitive changes produced by inescapable shock and suggest that exposure to inescapable shock biases attention away from "internal" response-related cues toward "external" cues.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Microcatheter embolization of non-neurologic traumatic vascular lesions.

PURPOSE: The authors report their experience over a 28-month period with embolization of 23 non-neurologic traumatic vascular lesions in 21 patients with use of a coaxial microcatheter coil delivery system. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The injuries included pseudoaneurysms (n = 17), arteriovenous fistulas (n = 3), and sites of extravasation (n = 3) and were caused by gunshot, shotgun, and stab wounds, as well as motor vehicle accidents and iatrogenic trauma. All microcatheter embolizations except one were performed with 2.2-F Tracker-18 catheters inserted coaxially through 5.0-5.5-F guiding catheters. In one case, a coaxial 3-F Teflon catheter was used. In all cases platinum microcoils (almost all non-fibril) and/or straight platinum embolization wires (with fibrils) were used. RESULTS: Twenty-one (91%) of 23 vascular lesions were successfully occluded with use of the microcatheter system. The two cases in which microcatheter embolization failed were successfully managed by using larger catheters and steel coils. Two patients with hepatic vascular lesions (one site of extravasation and a pseudoaneurysm) and one patient with a lower extremity arteriovenous fistula required two procedures each for successful treatment. Procedures were life-saving in at least two patients. Two lesions recurred during follow-up ranging from 3 days to 17 months. Both of these recurrences were successfully treated with transcatheter embolization, in one case with use of microcatheters. CONCLUSION: Microcatheter embolization with platinum coils and wires is an effective means for treating traumatic vascular lesions. A coaxial microcatheter system allows for easier, more rapid coil/wire delivery to smaller, spasm-prone arteries in such cases.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Phonological disruption and subsequent self-correcting behaviour in Cantonese aphasic speakers.

This study investigated the phonological disruption and subsequent self-correcting behaviour in Cantonese aphasic speakers. The self-correcting behaviour was investigated by examining the sequence of successive spontaneous attempts in producing a target sound. Five anomic, five non-fluent aphasic and five normal control subjects were assessed by using a confrontation naming task which included monosyllabic, disyllabic and trisyllabic targets. All the aphasic subjects demonstrated successive phonological self-corrections towards the target. Initial consonants were more vulnerable to phonological disruption and more resistant to self-correction than vowels, lexical tones and final consonants.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Molecular and phenotypic mapping of genes controlling seed coat pattern and color in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.).

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) exhibits a wide variety of seed coat patterns and colors. From a historical perspective, extensive genetic analyses have identified specific genes that control seed coat pattern (T, Z, L, J, Bip, and Ana) and color (P, C, R, J, D, G, B, V, and Rk). Many of these genes exhibit epistatic interactions with other genes, interactions that define the many seed coat patterns and colors observed within the species. To better understand these complex interactions, we began a molecular marker discovery program that previously identified random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers linked to many of these genes. We report here the discovery of RAPD markers linked to three additional genes-C, G, and V. These markers, and five RAPD markers we previously discovered linked to other seed coat pattern and color genes, were converted into easily scorable sequence tagged site (STS) markers. We next placed these markers onto a common molecular map shared by the Phaseolus research community and demonstrated a generally wide distribution of the genes throughout the common bean genome. A few previously unrecognized linkages were discovered. The probable existence of multiple genes controlling growth habit in common bean is discussed. Our approach demonstrates the usefulness and feasibility of marker discovery in one population followed by accurate mapping of that marker onto a core, community-wide map.

Chromosome Mapping↗