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Biomedical subjects

R Jouvent

Publications and source records attributed to R Jouvent.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Antiparkinsonian and antidepressant effects of high doses of bromocriptine. An independent comparison.

Ten depressed parkinsonian patients were treated with high doses of bromocriptine (rang 85-220 mg/day). Changes in the parkinsonian and depressive symptomatologies were independently evaluated by a neurologist and a psychiatrist. Rating took place before treatment after wash-out and again 8 days later. Results show a significant mean improvement of both depressive and parkinsonian symptomatologies. However, there was no correlation between the two therapeutic effects in the 10 patients. Clinical and biological implications of these heterogeneous patterns are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Lithium and diabetes insipidus. Theoretical and practical aspects. Therapeutic value of thiazide diuretics (author's transl)].

Lithium is increasingly prescribed by psychiatrists for manic-depressive psychosis and other affective disorders. Therefore, psychiatrists should be familiar with lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Management of this condition is discussed. Thiazide diuretics have a paradoxical antidiuretic effect in lithium-induced diabetes insipidus. For this reason, it is no longer warranted to contraindicate concomitant use of lithium and thiazide diuretics.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[A qualitative study of clinical change in population of salbutamol-treated hospitalized depressives (author's transl)].

On the basis of pharmacological and clinical findings, salbutamol, a beta-adrenergic stimulant, is used in the treatment of depression. The day by day evolution of each of the most commonly evaluated symptoms in depressed patients is presented as observed during 10 days in 13 patients who were administered this treatment. Improvement appears to be global: it concerns all symptoms. However: - improvement of psychomotor retardation is early and is often observed before mood recovery; - and anxiety seems to variate independently from other factors. Responding patients were those who presented a frank depressive state with no associated psychiatric pathology. Tolerance was satisfactory in all cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Beta-adrenergic stimulation and antidepressant activity.

The results presented here, together with the literature data, support the noradrenergic hypothesis of depressive states, and especially the involvement of beta-adrenergic receptors: --In animals, beta stimulants have the same spectrum of activity as other antidepressants. --These effects of both classical antidepressants and beta-adrenergic stimulants are antagonized by beta blockers. --Chronic administration of antidepressants results in a decrease of beta receptors. --Salbutamol, a beta-adrenergic stimulant had, in depressed patients, a clear and rapid antidepressant effect.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed1980

A beta adrenergic stimulant (salbutamol) versus clomipramine in depression: a controlled study.

A controlled study comparing salbutamol (6 mg/day) to clomipramine (150 mg/day), both given by intravenous infusion, was performed on depressed inpatients (10 per group). The symptomatology was evaluated by two blind observers at days 0, 5, and 15 using the Hamilton Rating Scale. Both treatments were effective on the overall symptomatology but the onset of action of salbutamol was more rapid.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Retardation in depressive states : elaboration of a quantitative rating scale (author's transl)].

Important progress has been made in the knowledge of depressive states but there remains great confusion in clinical classification. It seemed interesting to investigate more precisely the semeiology of retardation which had been less studied than Depressed Mood, as it appears to be independent from aetiological factors; retardation could in fact correspond to a common behavioral pattern of all depressive states and the target of antidepressant drugs. A scale for the quantitative rating of retardation was elaborated and was tested in its first two forms which respectively 35 and 38 depressed patients. The principal component analysis of the results seems to indicate that the concept of retardation corresponds to a univocal factor accounting for almost 50% of variance, although it rests on a wide variety of motor, verbal and intellectual items. Is is now sought to study the correlation of this behavioral pattern with the efficacy of antidepressant drugs.

Depression↗
PubMed1977

[Psychosensorial manifestations observed in psychotic patients treated with betamimetic drugs].

We report four observations of women who had acute or subacute psychotic crisis and who were stabilized without any manifestation. In order to delay delivery these women received during pre-partum high doses of beta-mimetic drugs (isoxsuprine and salbutamol). Such a prescription seems to have been responsible of acute and transient psychotic symptoms similar to those observed in drug-induced psychosis (derealisation preceeding depersonalization, visual and auditory hallucinations, anxiety). Recently Gluckman has described a similar case to those reported here. But in his case the conditions of coming out were different and there was a lack of psychotic antecedents. Previous works concerning "psychotic-like" effects of beta-blokers rise the question of possible psychodysleptic effects of beta-mimetic drugs.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed1977

[Study of a beta-adrenergic stimulant and its antidepressant activity in man].

In animals, the psychopharmacological profile of beta-adrenergic stimulants is very similar to that of tricyclic antidepressants. In patients, more particularly in endogenous depressive patients, the antidepressant effect of salbutamol was very clear. A definite improvement was observed in all of the 22 studied patients after 1 to 3 days of intermittent venous infusion. The place of salbutamol in the therapeutic armamentarium of depressive states has still to be defined exactly. It is speculated that the antidepressant effect of imipramine-like derivatives is related to the stimulation of central beta 2-adrenergic receptors.

Adrenergic Agonists↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sensation seeking, nicotine dependence, and smoking motivation in female and male smokers.

Sensation-seeking scores in female (n = 36) and male (n = 60) French smokers were compared with those for a control group of female (n = 23) and male (n = 45) nonsmokers. The findings clearly show that smokers of both sexes are higher in sensation seeking than their nonsmoking counterparts: they score higher on the Disinhibition, Experience Seeking, and Boredom Susceptibility components of sensation seeking. Smoking women were particularly high on Experience Seeking. The relationships among the sensation-seeking components, nicotine dependence, and motives for smoking were assessed in the smokers. Disinhibition and Experience Seeking moderately correlated with nicotine dependence in females, as assessed by the Fagerström questionnaire and the Addictive factor of the Russell Classification of Smoking by Motives. Women high in Experience Seeking may be at particular risk for smoking and possibly for dependence. Further research is needed to state that the high sensation seeker is a person who might be expected to be particularly sensitive to the stimulating reward of smoking, and thus particularly vulnerable to becoming a dependent smoker.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Blood pressure control and quality of life: a comparative multicenter double-blind and cross-over trial of labetalol and captopril].

The purpose of this multicenter randomised, double-blind and cross-over study was to compare the antihypertensive effects of labetalol (L) and captopril (C) in 42 moderate hypertensive patients (mean age: 52 years). The drugs were given during two 4-weeks periods at the end of which the systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressures (DBP) were measured at rest in supine and standing positions. The assessment of the quality of life was realized with 4 scales completed by the practitioner [anxiety, depression, well-being, visual analog scale (VAS)] and 4 scales of auto-assessment completed by the patient [2 VAS, well-being, sub-scale of pleasure]. At the end of the first treatment's period (D28), both drugs had decreased significantly supine SBP and DBP (p less than 0.001), standing DBP (L = p less than 0.01; C = p less than 0.05), while only L lowered supine SBP (p less than 0.01). The cross-over analysis was unable to conclude, due to the number of patients and a significant interaction which reduced its power. Thus the effect of the first treatment's period seemed to influence the efficacy of the second one. The percentages of patients with a controlled BP were respectively: after 4 weeks of treatment, L = 61 p. 100 vs C = 42 p. 100 and at the end of study (D56), L = 67 p. 100 vs C = 64 p. 100. The cross-over analysis didn't show any difference between the effects of L and C on the quality of life.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗