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Biomedical subjects

R Jansson

Publications and source records attributed to R Jansson.

65 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

A comparison of glucagon, gastric inhibitory peptide, and secretin on gallbladder function, formation of bile, and pancreatic secretion in the cat.

The effects of glucagon, gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP), and secretin on the concentrating mechanism and the motility in the feline gallbladder have been studied in vivo. A technique by which the gallbladder in situ was perfused by an electrolyte solution made possible a simultaneous study of the motility and of the net transport of water and electrolytes across the gallbladder wall. Secretin (0.6 microgram per kg/h) was found to abolish the net absorption of water, Na+, and HCO3- and strongly reduce the net absorption of K+ and Cl-, whereas neither glucagon (1--20 microgram per kg/h) nor GIP (1--30 microgram per kg/h) was found to significantly influence the concentrating function of the gallbladder. The motility of the gallbladder was not influenced by the peptides. The formation of bile and pancreatic secretion was not changed by glucagon or GIP, whereas secretin had a potent effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Effects of intraduodenal acid on gallbladder net water absorption and motility in the cat.

A recently described perfusion technique has been used in the study of gallbladder function during acid infusion into the duodenum in the anaesthetized cat. The method allows simultaneous measurements of the net water absorption, and thereby the concentrating function of the gallbladder, as well as the motility of the organ. Duodenal acidification, which is known to release several gastrointestinal hormones, was found to reduce the net water absorption and induce a contraction in the gallbladder. The results are discussed in relation to earlier studies of gallbladder function as influenced by gastrointestinal hormones.

Absorption↗
PubMed1978

Effects of intravenous vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) on gallbladder function in the cat.

The influence of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) on the concentrating mechanism and the motility in the feline gallbladder has been studied in vivo. A perfusion technique made possible a simultaneous study of the motility and of the net transport of water and electrolytes across the gallbladder wall. It was found that an intravenous infusion of VIP relaxes the gallbladder and induces a net fluid secretion into its lumen. The net absorption of chloride ions was markedly reduced, whereas the net transport of sodium, potassium, and bicarbonate was reversed from an absorption into a secretion. Owing to the presence of VIP-containing nerve fibers in the gallbladder wall, a physiological significance for the secretory gallbladder response to VIP is suggested.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Appendico-cutaneous fistula. A case report.

Fistula formation between the appendix and adjacent organs is a rare condition. Cutaneous fistulas occur even more seldom. In this paper a case will be described where a fistula was formed between the appendix and the right buttock.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

An experimental method for studying in vivo gallbladder absorption.

A perfusion technique has been developed for the study of net absorption in the gallbaldder of the cat. The lumen of the gallbladder in situ with intact blood vessels and nerves is perfused at a constant rate with bile or a solution of known composition. Differences in volume input and output from the gallbladder are measured with a volume transducer, which in the absence of changes in gallbladder volume reflects net water absorption. By adding polyethylene glycol to the perfusate, net water absorption rate can be calculated from the changes in concentration of this test substance regardless of gallbladder motility. A combined use of these two methods makes possible a concomitant estimation of net water absorption and changes in gallbladder volume. The technique was tested and used for the study of net water absorption from bile, saline and isotonic mannitol solution in the gallbladder lumen.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Effects of intravenous secretin and cholecystokinin on gallbladder net water absorption and motility in the cat.

A perfusion technique has been used for the simultaneous study of the concentrating mechanism and the motility of the gallbladder in the anesthetized cat. It was found that intravenous secretin abolished the net water absorption from bile in the gallbladder and thereby impeded its concentrating mechanism, but alone did not influence gallbladder motility. It was sometimes seen that secretin even reversed the net water transport in the gallbladder, producing a secretion. Intravenous cholecystokinin was found not to influence the net water transport but to induce a strong contraction of the gallbladder. These results are discussed in relation to those from earlier in vitro studies.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pharmacokinetic properties and bioavailability of methimazole.

The pharmacokinetics of methimazole following therapeutic doses were studied in healthy subjects, in thyrotoxic and hypothyroid patients before and after treatment to euthyroidism, and in patients with renal or hepatic insufficiency, using a highly sensitive gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric assay. Following intravenous administration of 10mg to healthy subjects, methimazole had an initial distribution half-life (t1/2 alpha) of 0.10 to 0.23 hours and an elimination half-life (t1/2 beta) of 4.9 to 5.7 hours. The absolute bioavailability after oral administration of 10mg methimazole in the fasting state was high, with a mean of 93%. The pharmacokinetic profiles showed small interindividual variations, although one of the hypothyroid patients had a rapid elimination half-life, in both the hypothyroid and euthyroid state (2.6 and 2.4 hours, respectively). The elimination rate was not enhanced in the thyrotoxic patients but was slightly prolonged in the hypothyroid patients. There was no influence of renal insufficiency, but a prolonged elimination half-life was observed in patients with hepatic failure, the prolongation being proportional to the degree of impairment. Thus, the pharmacokinetics of methimazole are relatively simple with small interindividual variations. In general, there are no pharmacokinetic reasons to adjust dosage in the treatment of thyrotoxicosis, except in the rare case of concomitant advanced hepatic insufficiency.

Adult↗