[Psychological and psychiatric consequences of obstructive sleep apnea].
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Affect↗
Biomedical subjects
R Jankowska
Publications and source records attributed to R Jankowska.
[Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis in a patient with urolithiasis and cholelithiasis].
49 years old woman was admitted to Pulmonary Ward because of respiratory and cardiac failure. Six years earlier she was surgically treated because of urolithiasis and at this time disseminated lesions in both lungs were revealed. Biopsy made during transbronchial procedure showed microlithiasis. She had'nt any respiratory symptoms during 6 years. Now she had PaO2 = 36 mmHg and massive infiltrations in whole lungs. Palliative therapy with diuresis, cardiac drugs and oxygen therapy diminished symptoms of respiratory and cardiac failure.
Biopsy↗
[Angiogenesis in non-small cell lung cancer--clinical implications].
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Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung↗
[Atrial natriuretic excretion in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS)].
UNLABELLED: During obstructive sleep apneas stimuli, that may increase excretion of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) occur. The aim of the study was the evaluation whether in patients with OSAS levels of ANP are significantly different in relation to sleep or wakefulness and in relation to disturbances of ventilation during sleep and wakefulness. The material of the study consisted of 34 patients with OSAS (age 25-65 years). There were no differences in the levels of ANP late in the evening, during sleep and early in the morning. There were 2 groups of the patients: with low (< 70 pg/ml, mean at 21 p.m. 9.7 +/- 8.7 pg/ml, at. 2 a.m. 12.5 +/- 9.3 pg/ml, at 6 a.m. 14.4 +/- 15.1 pg/ml) and high (> 70 pg/ml, mean at 21 p.m. 148.6 +/- 232.9 pg/ml, at 2 a.m. 119.5 +/- 45.5 pg/ml, at 6 a.m. 164.9 +/- 161 pg/ml) ANP levels. As compared with patients with low ANP levels, patients with high ANP levels were older and more obese, more frequently had concomitant COPD, lower VC and FEV1, higher daytime PaCO2 and lower PaO2; most of them had peripheral edema. In patients with high ANP levels there was more profound mean arterial blood desaturation during sleep apnoeas than in patients with low ANP levels (SaO2 75 +/- 8% vs 81 +/- 4%, p < 0.001), although apnea index and mean apnea duration were similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with OSAS the daytime and sleep levels of ANP are similar. High levels of ANP can be found in OSAS patients with impaired daytime ventilation and gas exchange, and profound arterial oxygen desaturation during sleep apnoeas.
Adult↗
Histamine receptor expression on peripheral blood lymphocytes is influenced by specific and nonspecific activation.
Histamine is a physiological mediator which exerts both effector and regulatory functions through its receptors on various cells. The aim of the study was to investigate changes in histamine receptor expression on peripheral blood lymphocytes affected by stimulation with both specific and nonspecific stimuli. Lymphocytes were obtained from both healthy and allergic subjects. Cells were incubated with various allergens (mixed grass pollen, Lolium perenne, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus 1, bee venom, phospholipase A2) and nonspecific (fMLP, PMA/ionomycin, LPS) stimuli. The percentage of histamine-binding cells was determined with a fluorescence microscope after incubation with histamine-fluorescein. In control subjects histamine binding after stimulation with allergens was not significantly changed. In contrast, in allergic subjects stimulation with specific allergens resulted in significantly increased histamine binding. Nonspecific stimulation caused increased histamine binding to lymphocytes in both allergic subjects and healthy controls. We conclude that specific and nonspecific activation of lymphocytes is associated with increased expression of histamine receptors.
Adolescent↗
The contribution of endotoxins present in the respiratory tract to overproduction of nitric oxide associated with impaired interleukin 6 release in bronchoalveolar leukocytes from lung cancer patients.
The purpose of the study was to assess the relation between the levels of endotoxins circulating in airways of patients with lung cancer and the ability of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) leukocytes for ex vivo release of nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) and for in vitro lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of the mediators. Leukocytes isolated from the BAL of 11 patients and from 5 healthy individuals were cultured in the absence or presence of LPS(E. coli). The levels of endotoxins in the BAL fluids (BALF) and the amounts of NO released ex vivo from unstimulated cells from the patients were highly (p = 0.0025) elevated in comparison with those from healthy individuals. The release of NO was significantly correlated (R(S) = 0.638, p = 0.047) with the levels of endotoxins in BALF. In contrast, production of IL-6 remained very low and a negative correlation (R(S) = -0.623, p = 0.0542) was observed between the amounts of NO and IL-6. It was also found that, in response to LPS, bronchoalveolar leukocytes from patients with lung cancer express a reduced capacity for in vitro production of NO and IL-6. Our data suggest that, in patients with lung cancer, the activation of BAL cells by endotoxins circulating in the airways may contribute, at least in part, to overproduction of spontaneous NO and, subsequently, the NO may reduce IL-6 production. Moreover, the exposure in vivo of the BAL cells to LPS renders them unable to respond to the second signals.
Adult↗
[Breast tuberculosis].
A 47-year-old woman, mother of 7 children, was admitted to hospital because of the painful tumour of her left breast. The clinical course was chronic with formation of abscess and then fistula. Chest X-ray was normal. Axillary lymph nodes were not palpable. During mammography tumour was revealed (3.5 cm in diameter). During tumour resection abscess was found. Staphylococcus aureus was cultured from its pus, but histologic picture of resected tissue suggested caseous tuberculosis of mamma. Bacilli were not found. The patient was treated with antituberculous drugs. At the early stage of treatment the skin fistula of mamma occurred but the long-lasting therapy was successful.
Breast Diseases↗
[Sarcoidosis with central nervous system involvement].
A case of pulmonary sarcoidosis with central nervous system involvement was described. Diagnosis was based on hilar lymph nodes biopsy and OUN MRI scan. Patient was treated with glicocorticosteroids with improvement.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
[Endothelin concentration in sera of patients with atopic bronchial asthma].
Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is an effective vasoconstrictor and has bronchoconstricting property. Recent findings in vivo and in vitro indicate the influence of ET-1 on bronchial smooth muscle tone. ET-1 concentration was detected in BAL-Fluid in patients with bronchial asthma. Previous studies indicated an increase in ET-1 serum concentrations in the course of exacerbation of asthma. The purpose of our study was to compare ET-1 concentrations in sera of asthmatics during the asymptomatic period and after metacholine provocation. The study was performed in a group of 16 patients with mild bronchial asthma and in 11 healthy subjects. ET-1 concentrations in sera were evaluated by Elisa method (kit R&D USA). Bronchial provocation with metacholine was performed in asthmatics using Bronchoscreen. The result was considered as positive with FEV1, decrease of at least 20%. Airway responsiveness to metacholine was expressed as PC20. The results were analyzed statistically by means of the Student's test. The baseline ET-1 levels in sera of healthy donors were lower then in asthmatics group (x1' = 4.72 +/- 1.01, x1 = 11.53 +/- 3.68 pg/ml, p < 0.001). We found a statistically significant increase of ET1-1 concentration in sera after inhalation of metacholine (x1 = 11.55 +/- 3.68; x2 = 24.08 +/- 4.09 pg/ml, p < 0.001). The results indicate that ET-1 may play a role in bronchospasm in asthmatics.
Adult↗
Heparin modulates migration of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and neutrophils.
Evidence has now accumulated that heparin can significantly affect immune response including allergic inflammation. Cell motility is supposed to be very crucial in this process. Thus the aim of our study was to investigate whether heparin is a chemoattractant for some inflammatory cells and is also capable of influencing chemotaxis induced by typical chemoattractants. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and neutrophils from 10 healthy subjects were obtained by gradient centrifugation. Chemotaxis assays towards either heparin (molecular weight 16 kDa) or low molecular weight heparin--fraxiparine (molecular weight 5 kDa) were performed in Boyden chambers. We found that both heparin molecules are chemoattractants for both PBMCs and neutrophils in the wide concentration range (0.1-2000 microg/ml). However, maximal chemotaxis was observed at concentrations 50-100 microg/ml (fraxiparine) and 1-50 microg/ml (heparin). We also found that fraxiparine was able to significantly increase chemokinesis and decrease chemotaxis in the gradient of both fMLP and IL-8. These results indicate that heparin is a potent regulator of cell migration.
Adult↗
[Effects of anti-inflammatory drugs on adhesion and migration of lymphocytes].
The first crucial step of cell recruitment to the sites of inflammation is adhesion and motility, which are interdependent phenomena. The purpose of our study was investigate the influence used anti-inflammatory drugs (Aspirin, Cyclosporin A, Methotrexate) and endogenous substances of anti-inflammatory activity (Cortisol, TGF-beta) on these phenomena. Lymphocytes from healthy subjects were preincubated with various concentrations of these substances and adhesion to plastic bound CD11a/CD18, CD11c/CD18, CD44 and CD62L mAbs was determined. Simultaneously, cell motility was investigated after Boyden method. We found significant reduction of cell adhesion to all the ligands used. Furthermore we observed significant dose dependent increase in motility of these cells. These data indicate that simultaneous enhancement of motility and reduction of adhesion might be a common pathway for the mechanisms of action of anti-inflammatory agents.
Adult↗
Spontaneous motility and chemotaxis of neutrophils is influenced by glycocorticosteroid therapy.
The migration of neutrophils is an important part of the allergic inflammatory response. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of glucocorticosteroids (GCS) on the stimulated and unstimulated migration of neutrophils. The study comprised 103 asthmatics including 44 subjects under GCS therapy (20 GCS resistant and 24 GCS sensitive) as well as 96 healthy control individuals. Unstimulated (random) motility as well as chemotactic response towards fMLP (10-8 mol/l) were determined after Boyden method. Neutrophil motility was determined by the distance of the leading front in filter. In both resistant and sensitive asthmatics under GCS therapy we observed significantly increased unstimulated motility as compared to normal controls (p < 0.001). However, this effect was not demonstrated in the GCS untreated group. Neutrophil chemotaxis towards fMLP was increased in GCS untreated group as compared to healthy controls (p < 0.05). In GCS sensitive subjects the chemotatic activity was decreased. In GCS resistant asthmatics it was moderately increased. We conclude that increased unstimulated neutrophil motility might be one of the immunosuppressive mechanisms of GCS by preventing the cell accumulation at the sites of inflammation.
Adult↗
[The effect of inhaling pirenzepine--selective M1 receptor antagonist and ipratropium bromide on lung ventilation in patients with bronchial asthma].
The study was carried out on 19 patients with moderate and severe bronchial asthma. During three days after the initial spirometric evaluation the patients received--on the first day 0.5 mg of pirenzepine in nebulization (P), on the second day 0.25 mg of ipratropium bromide (IB), on the third day both substances together. Ventilatory parameters were monitored on the 5th, 20th, 40th and 60th minute following nebulization. The observed parameters did not differ significantly between both groups. Pirenzepine given after ipratropium bromide increased FEV1 from 1.89 L to 2.37 L (p < 0.01). The observed results imply that pirenzepine given with ipratropium bromide induce a significant bronchodilating effect and could be added to therapy of bronchial asthma.
Administration, Inhalation↗
[The influence of vitamin A on production of oxygen free radicals and activity of granulocyte catalase in patients with chronic bronchitis].
The effect of vitamin A on granulocyte chemiluminescence (CT) and catalase activity was studied in 16 patients with COPD. The results obtained show a significant decrease of CL and a significant increase of granulocyte CT activity after incubation with vitamin A, particularly in nonsmoking subjects. This study showed a significant decrease of CT activity after incubation of granulocyte with hydralazine both in cigarette smokers or nonsmokers.
Acetylcysteine↗
[Density of beta-adrenergic lymphocyte receptors in health subjects and patients with bronchial asthma].
In this study were involved 45 subjects: 15 healthy (group I), 15 patients with atopic mild bronchial asthma (group II) and 15 asthmatics with moderate bronchial asthma. Peripheral blood lymphocyte beta-2-adrenergic receptor (BAR) density and affinity were determined. Radiolabelled ligandbinding assays determine receptor density and affinity were performed. Significant differences in lymphocyte BAR density were found when healthy subjects and moderate bronchial asthma patients were compared.
Adolescent↗
Effect of hydrocortisone treatment on oxygen metabolism and phagocytosis of peripheral blood neutrophils in asthmatic patients, sensitive and resistant to glucocorticosteroid therapy.
The inflammatory activity of peripheral blood neutrophils of patients suffering from atopic asthma and treated with glucocorticosteroids was investigated. Two tests were performed: 1. chemiluminescence test of neutrophils, and 2. phagocytosis test of latex and bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus 209 P) by neutrophils before and after incubation of the cells with hydrocortisone. The tests were carried out in 3 selected groups of (1) asthmatic steroid sensitive patients, (2) asthmatic steroid resistant patients, and (3) healthy individuals. The neutrophil chemiluminescence stimulation index was found to be significantly lower in the asthmatic steroid sensitive group as compared to the other groups. The index increased in this group after neutrophil incubation with hydrocortisone. The results of phagocytosis of latex by neutrophils before and after their incubation with hydrocortisone were similar in all the 3 groups. The results of phagocytosis of bacteria by neutrophils in the asthmatic steroid sensitive group were significantly lower after incubation of neutrophils with hydrocortisone only.
Adult↗
[The influence of n-acetylcysteine on chemiluminescence of granulocytes in peripheral blood of patients with chronic bronchitis].
The effect of NAC on exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may be due to its mucolytic properties due to the thiol group of NAC and to its reducing and antioxidant properties. It has been postulated that NAC may protect lung cells from inhaled oxidants or oxidants produced by inflammatory leukocytes by increasing intra and extra cellular GSH. The FMLP induced granulocyte chemiluminescence (CL) in 6 healthy and 12 patients with COPD was determined. Peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes were incubated with NAC. The results obtained show a significant decrease of CL after incubation with NAC in both groups. We also found higher CL in healthy subjects than patients with COPD. This study showed a significant increase of FVC, FEV1 and a significant decrease of granulocyte CL after treatment with oral NAC 200 mg three times daily for 3 weeks.
Acetylcysteine↗
[Influence of histaglobin therapy on skin tests and clinical symptoms in patients with atopic bronchial asthma].
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Adult↗