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Biomedical subjects

R Jackson

Publications and source records attributed to R Jackson.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Special considerations for minority participation in prenatal diagnosis.

Parents who use information from prenatal diagnosis in family planning may be faced with difficult decisions. For a variety of reasons, the communications and decision-making process may be substantially more complex and difficult if the parents are members of a minority group. Unless a number of special considerations are kept in mind when programs of prenatal diagnosis for minorities are developed, such programs may be more harmful than beneficial.

Cultural Deprivation↗
PubMed1980

Caring for rape victims: its impact on providers.

Students in the health professions are working with a variety of anxiety-provoking patients, such as victims of child abuse or sexual assault, suicidal and terminally ill patients. Faculty have a responsibility to assist these students in maximizing the growth potential of the experience. This study, involving 22 female and three male students at the University of New Mexico Colleges of Nursing and Medicine, examines the effects of such an experience. Each participant worked on a Sexual Assault Response Team at the Bernalillo County Medical Center for an average of 8.6 months; each saw an average of 16 rape victims for whom they provided counseling services and assisted in medical care and gathering evidence. All of the students reported heightened awareness of their own vulnerability. They began to develop cognitive and behavioral strategies to cope with the possibility of being raped. Approximately one third of the subjects developed symptoms similar to those experienced by rape victims. Those who did not develop symptoms attributed it to being able to work through their feelings at team meetings. Students became more aware of their attitudes toward rape victims, both positive and negative. Moreover, the most significant change they experienced was in their own perception of themselves as care givers; they felt more confident and competent, both in medical and counseling areas. Faculty are encouraged to meet weekly with students involved in such experiences.

Attitude↗
PubMed1980

Percutaneous needle biopsy of pulmonary lesions.

Percutaneous needle biopsy of lung lesions has proved useful in the diagnosis of tumors and infectious lesions of the lung. Accurate tissue diagnosis of tumors was obtained in 81 percent of attempts, and an accurate microbiologic diagnosis was obtained in 75 percent of infectious lesions. Eleven percent (23 of 213) of patients biopsied for tumor were spared diagnostic thoracotomy, and only one biopsy gave a false-positive result. There has been no mortality, and the only significant morbidity was a 12 percent incidence of pneumothorax necessitating chest tube insertion. The use of this technique in varied clinical settings has made it a valuable and often primary diagnostic tool for lung lesions.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

Oxytocin in microdissected hypothalamic nuclei. Significant differences between prepubertal and sexually mature female rats.

We measured the concentration of oxytocin and vasopressin in microdissected areas of the hypothalamus and posterior pituitary in weanling and adult female rats. Oxytocin concentration was significantly less in adult rats as compared to weanling rats in the supraoptic nucleus, median eminence, and retrochiasmatic area with no significant differences in vasopressin content. This may indicate differences in hypothalamic-neurohypophyseal pathways in adult and weanling rats. There was a significantly greater concentration of oxytocin in the adult rat in the paraventricular nucleus, suprachiasmatic nucleus, anterior hypothalamic nucleus, and posterior pituitary, again with no significant difference in vasopressin concentration. Our results are consistent with a role for sexual maturation in increasing synthesis of oxytocin in specific hypothalamic nuclei resulting in increased storage of oxytocin in the posterior pituitary.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Male rape victims: noninstitutionalized assault.

Fourteen male rape victims treated in a county hospital emergency room over a 30-month period are compared with 100 randomly selected female victims treated over the same period. The male victims as a group sustained more physical trauma, were more likely to have been a victim of multiple assaults from multiple assailants, and were more likely to have been held captive longer. They were more reluctant to reveal initially the genital component of their assault and were more likely to use denial and control their emotions in reaction to the assault. Proper diagnosis and treatment of male rape victims requires a high index of suspicion and sensititivty to the likelihood of major, hidden trauma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Hereditary sensory neuropathy: a case with pain and temperature dissociation.

A case of hereditary sensory neuropathy is described resembling Dyck's Type I hereditary sensory neuropathy. Sensory testing revealed marked pain impairment in feet and hands shading at mid calf to normal at mid thigh and shading above the wrist to normal at the elbow. Other sensory modalities including temperature were intact except painful heat and painful cold and they produced very little if any discomfort. Stimuli at 0 degrees C or 45 degrees to 70 degrees C elicited a temperature response but not pain. Sural nerve biopsy findings (including electromicroscopy) were consistent with a diagnosis of Type I hereditary sensory neuropathy, but also showed evidence of abortive axonal regeneration and profound Schwann cell vacuolation.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Effect of sampling site and conditions on plasma levels of noradrenaline, adrenaline and dopamine.

Levels of noradrenaline, adrenaline and dopamine were measured simultaneously from different sites, during stimulation and during noradrenaline infusion. Levels of the three catecholamines were similar in low inferior vena cava and a forearm vein. The ratio between adrenal venous and peripheral levels averaged 49:1 for adrenaline but only 4:1 for noradrenaline, consistent with other significant sources for noradrenaline apart from the adrenal. Levels of dopamine were only slightly higher in adrenal venous blood, consistent with the adrenal being a minor source in these subjects. Forearm arteriovenous differences for adrenaline and noradrenaline demonstrated significant removal of these amines across this vascular bed. To monitor sympathetic responses, venous noradrenaline appears satisfactory, but venous adrenaline would miss responses detected by arterial levels. Sympathetic responses were not reflected by changes in either arterial or venous dopamine.

Arteries↗
PubMed1979

Treatment of acne.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1979

Prison health and medical education.

Prison health has long been neglected as an area of serivice by organized medicine and a site for clinical education by health science centers. The University of New Mexico Health Science Center offers an elective, weekly clinical experience for preclinical medical students, senior nursing students, and senior pharmacy students at a prison facility in need of medical services. Students' reaction to the prison experience was strongly positive. Most developed empathy toward the inmates and a greater understanding of prison health problems. Inmates rated the student service highly and requested its continuation. This community health education experience has provided a noncontractual model of a university-prison health alliance.

Ambulatory Care Facilities↗
PubMed1979

Pigmented lesion following complete removal of melanoma.

A pigmented lesion developed in three patients in the center of the scar following excision and grafting to remove melanoma. Histologically, the lesions showed hyperplasia of melanocytes resembling junction nevus or lentigo maligna. Some site-specific factor seems to be responsible for this change.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Ophthalmopathy after neck irradiation therapy for Hodgkin's disease.

Ophthalmopathy associated with autoimmune thyroid disease (Graves' ophthalmopathy) may occur years after irradiation of the neck for nonthyroid malignant disease. Two patients developed this complication 2 and 18 years after irradiation treatment of Hodgkin's disease: one with hypothyroidism associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and the other with hyperthyroidism. Careful long-term observation of thyroid function following neck irradiation is recommended in view of this unusual complication and the frequent occurrence of hypothyroidism.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The binding of 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl derivatives to the mouse myeloma immunoglobulin A protein MOPC 315.

The binding of Tnp (2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) derivatives to the Fv fragment (variable region of heavy and light chains) of the mouse myeloma IgA protein MOPC 315 was investigated by 270MHz proton nuclear magnetic resonance. Two of the haptens, Tnp-glycine and Tnp-l-aspartate, are in fast exchange with the Fv fragment, and the changes in chemical shifts for both protein and hapten resonances were determined by titrations. For the tightly binding hapten epsilon-N-Tnp-alpha-N-acetyl-l-lysine, which is in slow exchange with the Fv fragment, the changes in chemical shifts for the hapten H(3)+H(5) resonances were determined by cross-saturation. By using these data and the known structure of the combining site of protein MOPC 315 [Dwek, Wain-Hobson, Dower, Gettins, Sutton, Perkins & Givol (1977), Nature (London) 266, 31-37] the mode of binding of Tnp derivatives is deduced by ring-current calculations. The trinitrophenyl ring stacks with tryptophan-93(L) (light chain) in the ;aromatic box' formed by tryptophan-93(L), tyrosine-34(L) and phenyl-alanine-34(H) (heavy chain). Further evidence for the stacking interaction with a tryptophan residue is provided by the similarity of the optical-difference spectra observed with Tnp-aminomethylphosphonate in the presence of either the Fab fragment (light chain and N-terminal half of heavy chain) of protein MOPC 315 or tryptophan. These data show that the modes of binding of all the Tnp derivatives are very similar, despite a 100-fold range in their affinities. It is also concluded that the modes of binding of Dnp (2,4-dinitrophenyl) and Tnp derivatives to protein MOPC 315 are very similar, and that the structural basis for this is that the aromatic box is large enought to allow the trinitrophenyl ring to stack with tryptophan-93(L) while still forming hydrogen bonds to asparagine-36(L) and tyrosine-34(L).

Animals↗