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Biomedical subjects

R J Schechter

Publications and source records attributed to R J Schechter.

28 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Ocular findings in a newborn with cri du chat syndrome.

A deletion of the short arm of chromosome No. 5 has been termed the cri du chat (cat cry) syndrome. We report the first ophthalmologic examination of a newborn infant with this syndrome. Multiple ophthalmic abnormalities were found, including hypertelorism, telecanthus, epicanthal folds, antimongoloid palpebral fissures, exotropia, optic atrophy, and tortuosity of the retinal vasculature. It is of interest that these changes are congenital and present at birth, rather than developmental. Although such individuals are usually so severely mentally retarded that no ophthalmologic intervention is indicated, there are rare exceptions, and each case must be judged individually. Ten percent to 15% of these children inherit the chromosomal abnormality from phenotypically normal parents. Chromosomes from each parent should therefore be evaluated for the purposes of genetic counseling.

Cri-du-Chat Syndrome↗
PubMed1978

Systemic antibiotics for use in ocular infections--penicillin-resistant Staphylococcus.

An analysis is made of the usefulness of various antibiotics in the systemic treatment of bacterial endophthalmitis. The staphylococcus is a common causative organism, particularly in cases following ocular trauma. Methicillin is the drug with which ophthalmic investigators have had the most experience, and is an acceptable therapeutic choice in the treatment of gram-positive endophthalmitis. Oxacillin has not been shown to penetrate the blood-aqueous barrier, and should not be used systemically. Dicloxacillin, currently not available for parenteral administration, is the penicillinase-resistant penicillin of choice. Cephalothin penetrates the eye well, but satisfactory levels are not maintained for a sufficient length of time. Cephaloridine, with excellent intraocular penetration and gram-negative coverage, may well be the optimal drug in patients with normal renal function.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1978

Ptosis with contralateral lid retraction due to excessive innervation of the levator palpebrae superiorus.

Two patients are presented with unilateral ptosis and contralateral lid retraction. The lid retraction disappears upon manual elevation of the ptotic lid. Each patient with this phenomenon would be expected to have a frank tropia, or monofixation syndrome and prefer to fix with the ptotic eye. Extraordinary innervation is transmitted to the levator of the ptotic eye and, since we believe the levators follow Hering's law, this excessive innervation is also transmitted to the contralateral levator. This results in lid retraction in the second eye. If the ptotic lid is manually elevated, levator innervation decreases and the contralateral lid retraction disappears. This previously unreported maneuver of manually elevating the ptotic lid is superior to patching the ptotic eye for a period of days, the previous method for demonstrating this phenomenon. These considerations are important in the evaluation of lid retraction, and in determining the nature and extent of corrective surgery.

Adenoma, Chromophobe↗
PubMed1978

Image magnification, contact lenses, and visual acuity.

The optics of image magnification are derived. Necessary criteria for contact lens dispensing are explained and well-known approximations are demonstrated, along with their inherent limitations. The image size with spectacle lenses is contrasted with that of the corresponding contact lens, and the simple relationship between the two is demonstrated. Thus, no tables of contact lens image magnification are necessary for the clinical practitioner. Visual acuity as commonly expressed is not an exact measurement, but rather indicates that the patient has visual acuity equal to or better than the line read, but poorer than the next smaller line on the chart. It is shown how contact lens/spectacle interchange may be of significant social and legal benefit to selected groups of patients.

Contact Lenses↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Elimination of aniseikonia in monocular aphakia with a contact lens-spectacle combination.

Correction of monocular aphakia with contact lenses generally results in aniseikonia in the range of 7--9%; with correction by intraocular lenses, aniseikonia is approximately 2%. We present a new method of correcting aniseikonia in monocular aphakics using a contact lens-spectacle combination. A formula is derived wherein the contact lens is deliberately overcorrected; this overcorrection is then neutralized by the appropriate spectacle lens, to be worn over the contact lens. Calculated results with this system over a wide range of possible situations consistently results in an aniseikonia of 0.1%.

Aniseikonia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Snell's Law: optimum pathway analysis.

An analysis is made of the various possible paths traveling from one medium to another. It is demonstrated that the most efficient possible path for traveling in the shortest possible time is the path determined by Snell's Law. Conversely, when light is refracted as it passes from one medium to another, it is completing the trip in the minimum possible time, less time than if it had passed through the various media in a straight line.

Humans↗