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Biomedical subjects

R J Pethybridge

Publications and source records attributed to R J Pethybridge.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Ventilation with isoflurane in the Triservice anaesthetic apparatus: a comparison with halothane and trichlorethylene.

Recovery from anaesthesia using the Triservice anaesthetic apparatus with either isoflurane alone or halothane and trichlorethylene, was assessed by measurement of reaction time. There was no statistically significant improvement in recovery between patients who received low concentrations of isoflurane and those who received halothane and trichlorethylene. The mean profiles of systolic pressure and heart rate were significantly greater in the isoflurane group (P less than 0.05) than in the halothane/trichlorethylene group. Cardiovascular stability was maintained into the recovery period. The benefits of low concentrations of isoflurane as sole agent in the Triservice anaesthetic apparatus and their extrapolation to a shocked casualty in a military setting are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Acupressure and motion sickness.

The effectiveness of the "Sea Band" acupressure band compared with placebo and hyoscine (0.6 mg), also known as scopolamine, to increase tolerance to a laboratory nauseogenic cross-coupled motion challenge was assessed using 18 subjects. The results showed that the subjects had a significant increase in tolerance with hyoscine but had no increase in tolerance with the "Sea Band" or placebo. Possible reasons for the failure to show any significant protection from the use of these acupressure bands are insufficient movement of the wrist to provide continuous stimulation, and/or the likelihood that only a minority of the population would show non-negligible benefit as experience with medical acupressure would suggest. The application of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation may be worthy of study.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1990

Excretion of a toxic dose of thallium.

We report a successfully treated case of severe thallium intoxication that required 95 days of assisted ventilation and 224 days of hospitalization. Monitoring of the patient for 500 days by measuring thallium in whole blood, serum, and urine is documented, and the role of the laboratory and utility of the measurements are considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Changing trends in dental restorative treatment needs of naval recruits 1987-89--disease or diagnosis?

The restorative treatment needs of 9960 young men and women who entered the Naval Service at HMS Raleigh between January 1987 and April 1989 are summarised. A marked increase in the numbers of fillings required and a decrease in the proportion considered to be dentally fit occurred in May 1988 and has continued as a trend thereafter. Weighted non-orthogonal analysis of variances have been conducted to assess the significance of clinical and period variables upon the changes.

Dental Caries↗
PubMed1987

A comparison of halothane and trichloroethylene with isoflurane. A study of drawover air anaesthesia with the Triservice anaesthetic apparatus.

Induction and recovery times were not significantly different between two groups that received halothane with trichloroethylene and isoflurane, respectively. Maintenance of anaesthesia and analgesia was also satisfactory. Isoflurane resulted in a higher heart rate (p less than 0.01), a lower respiratory rate (p less than 0.01) and a higher inspired oxygen concentration (p less than 0.05). Respiration may be more efficient. Other potential advantages of isoflurane for anaesthesia in the field are discussed. Despite the fact that it is 15 times more expensive, the use of isoflurane as sole agent is recommended.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Dental caries experience of 16-17-year-old naval recruits related to the water fluoride level in their home town.

Out of 6694 recruits who joined the Royal Navy between September 1979 and February 1981, 1983 (30%) had lived all their lives in one locality. Information on the fluoride level, between 1963 and 1980, in the water supply to each of the recruits' homes was obtained. The examiner recording the dental status of each recruit did not know where the recruit had lived. Some of the information on fluoride levels was imprecise or of variable quality so the final analyses were restricted to 1332 16-17-year-old subjects. The overall mean DMFT for the 1332 recruits was 9.72. There was a consistent fall in caries experience with increasing water fluoride level although the difference between the caries experience of recruits from low and high fluoride areas (about 20% for mean DMFT) was smaller than that observed in other studies. A possible explanation for this smaller difference is that some of the subjects did not receive fluoridated water early in life.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

The effects of continuous exposure to carbon monoxide on auditory vigilance in man.

Six different groups of non-smoking young male subjects were studied separately for 18 consecutive days each in a closed controlled-environmental human exposure chamber. Each group was subjected to a 5-day control period in fresh air followed successively by an 8-day period of continuous exposure to 50 ppm, 15 ppm or 0 ppm (control) by volume of carbon monoxide (CO) in air, and a 5-day recovery period in fresh air. The subjects performed a 1-h auditory vigilance task every day at the same time of day in a fixed qualitative, quantitative, and temporal relationship with food intake, consumption of stimulating beverages, physical activity, and sleep. It was concluded that such CO exposure, involving the continuous carriage of carboxyhaemoglobin loads up to 7%, was without significant effect on auditory vigilance.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1975

Chest symptoms in farming communities with special reference to farmer's lung.

Surveys were carried out on random samples of the farming population in Devon and Wales in order to estimate the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and of positive precipitin reactions to thermophilic fungi. Bronchitis, as defined, was common among the Welsh hill farmers, and the proportion of positive serological tests was higher in both the areas surveyed in Wales as compared with Devon. All three surveys confirmed a previous finding that the proportion of positive precipitin tests was higher among non-smokers than smokers. Although the numbers were small there was some indication that measurement of peak expiratory flow showed different relationships with age in non-smokers according to the presence or absence of positive precipitin tests. The difficulty of determining prevalence rates for farmer's lung is discussed, but the results suggest a rate not dissimilar to those found in two areas of Scotland which were more than 20 times higher than any figure previously reported in Britain.

Adolescent↗