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Biomedical subjects

R J Olson

Publications and source records attributed to R J Olson.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

The Shearing-style intraocular lens and the posterior chamber.

We observed the Shearing-style intraocular lens in human cadaver eyes and in dog eyes. In human cadaver eyes the lens loops rest in the ciliary body sulcus without exerting undue pressure; the only major problem occurred when the posterior capsule was torn and a loop found its way into the pars ciliaris of the ciliary body or into the vitreous base. Seven Shearing-style lenses were implanted in four dogs: six-month preliminary histopathology showed four of these lenses to be well tolerated with abundant synechiae formation around the loops. Two eyes exhibited loop pressure necrosis due to slight lens displacement.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Donor eye contamination.

One hundred twenty-seven cultures were taken from donor eyes in McCarey Kaufman (M-K) media and 60 from anterior chamber cultures of whole eyes. From the 127 eyes, 17 positive culture were obtained, 13 of which came from anterior chamber cultures of the whole eye and 4 from the M-K media. Of the 16 eyes used for corneal transplantation, there was 1 successfully treated clinical corneal infection. It is concluded that patients with chronic debilitating disease possibly have terminal bacteremia and donor contamination. It is our current recommendations that all corneas obtained in tissue culture media be cultured by the eye bank upon arrival and that eyes prepared for M-K media and refrigerated whole eyes have an anterior chamber culture. Any positive results should then be sent to the primary surgeon as soon as the culture results are ascertained.

Aqueous Humor↗
PubMed1979

Effects of timolol and Daranide on elevated intraocular pressure after aphakic keratoplasty.

In a randomized, blind clinical study, we tested the effect of timolol and Daranide against placebo medications among patients who had intraocular pressures greater than 30 mm Hg on the first postoperative day after aphakic keratoplasty. The study failed to show any significant difference in the pressure course. We concluded that because this type of severe secondary glaucoma is extremely difficult to treat, it should be prevented by using a donor cornea larger in size than the recipient bed.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Prognostic factors of intraocular pressure after aphakic keratoplasty.

In 68 consecutive patients who had undergone aphakic keratoplasty and keratoplasty combined with cataract extraction, patients with pressure problems during the first postoperative week were likely to have chronic pressure problems whether glaucoma was suspected preoperatively or not. Furthermore, those with preoperative glaucoma, even though pressures during the first week were relatively normal, were likely to have reoccurrence of their glaucoma. The preoperative pressures did not indicate which patients would develop persistently increased postoperative pressures. The only patients spared pressure problems were those who had no evidence of glaucoma preoperatively and who also had normal intraocular pressure during the first postoperative week.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Inconspicuous retention for removable partial dentures.

Many dentists and patients believe that removable partial dentures have an unesthetic appearance when they replace anterior teeth because of the visible clasps. Two methods of obtaining inconspicuous retention have been described.

Dental Abutments↗
PubMed1977

Chronic inhalation of cobalt oxide and cigarette smoke by hamsters.

Exposure of hamsters to CoO aerosol (10 g/L, 7 hrs./day, 5 days/week) caused pneumoconiosis but affected neither the life span nor the incidence of other than pneumoconiotic lesions. No carcinogenic effects of CoO were observed. While cigarette smoke exposures significantly increased the incidence of certain types of other than pneumoconiotic lesions including tumors, they also increased the life span of the smoke-exposed animals significantly. The latter phenomenon may account for the higher tumor incidence in the smoke-exposed animals. No effect of the smoke exposures on incidence and degree of pneumoconiosis was observed. The mean body weights of the smoke-exposed groups were significantly reduced.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1977

A mathematical description of causative factors and prevention of elevated intraocular pressure after keratoplasty.

In keratoplasty with grafts the same size as the recipient bed, tight sutures and thick recipient corneal periphery distort the angle and may collapse the filtering meshwork. This can cause very high postoperative pressures, which can be avoided by the use of donor grafts larger than the recipient bed. These relationships can be mathematically predicted.

Corneal Transplantation↗
PubMed1976

Effects of diethylnitrosamine and cigarette smoke on hamsters.

One hundred two 2-month-old male Syrian hamsters received 12 weekly sc injections of 0.25 mg diethylnitrosamine (DEN). Half the animals were also exposed for 10 minutes to cigarette smoke in Hamburg II-type smoking machines, three times per day, 5 days per week, for their life-span. The other half received sham exposure. Two additional groups of 51 hamsters each, serving as controls, received either only smoke or sham smoke exposures. The DEN treatment resulted in a significant increase (P less than 0.01) in epithelial lesions of the larynx, including laryngeal papillomas. Cigarette smoke inhalation had a significant (P less than 0.01) potentiating effect on the incidence of these lesions. We did not observe the high incidence of tumors of the nasal cavity, trachea, and the lower respiratory tract, or a significant development of malignant tumors, reported by several other investigators. The life-spans of the animals were unaffected by DEN and significantly increased (P less than 0.01) by exposure to smoke. The smoke-exposed groups had significantly lower mean body weights than their sham smoke-exposed cohorts.

Animals↗