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Biomedical subjects

R J Mathew

Publications and source records attributed to R J Mathew.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Cerebral blood flow in depression.

This section contains 1) new research findings, including preliminary data from pilot studies, either clinical or laboratory; 2) worthwhile replication studies; 3) case reports that describe a truly new syndrome or cast new light on established ones; and 4) case reports that indicate a new therapeutic procedure of potential value or call attention to adverse effects of drugs or previously unreported complications of therapeutic interventions. Program descriptions and literature reviews cannot be printed in this section. Criteria for format are listed in "Information for Contributors" in each issue; papers that do not adhere to these criteria will be returned to the author.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

MAO, DBH and COMT: the effect of anxiety.

Anxiety, a common accompaniment of depression, can be a source of confusion in affective disorder research. The present study examined the effect of anxiety on platelet monoamine oxidase, RBC catechol-0-methyltransferase, and serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase-enzymes frequently implicated in affective disorders. Levels of anxiety, plasma catecholamines and the enzymes mentioned above were quantified in groups of anxious subjects and mentally and physically healthy controls. Anxious subjects were found to have significantly higher levels of blood plasma catecholamines and platelet monoamine oxidase. significant positive correlations were demonstrated between plasma catecholamines and platelet monoamine oxidase, while significant inverse correlations were found between trait anxiety and COMT, norepinephrine and DBH, and COMT and DBH

Adult↗
PubMed1980

How appropriate is a "medical model" in psychiatric practice?

The location of mental hospitals in rural settings made the psychiatrist a truly alienated person. His location remote from cities was also remote from rapid changes occurring in medical practice in other specialties. With the introduction of psychotropic drugs a chain reaction was set in motion which began with the rapid reduction of the state hospital populations and a stimulation of clinical research efforts. The clinical rating scales developed to measure change in drug treated patients, served the purpose of sharpening clinician's thinking about nosology and merged with other ongoing trends to increase the precision of diagnosis which has resulted in the implementation of newer more precise research diagnostic criteria and finally the introduction of the DSM-III. With the study of the physiological pharmacology of these drugs has come a series of findings that offer the potential for increasing diagnostic precision by identifying biological alterations which highly correlate with various psychiatric disorders. It is to an explanation of these trends that this conference is devoted.

Community Mental Health Services↗
PubMed1979

Biological symptoms of depression.

Frequency of occurrence of various biological symptoms in relation to intensity of depression and neuroticism was studied in 37 depressed patients. The best indicator of depression severity and neuroticism were, respectively, early waking and excessive dreaming, when the symptoms were studied individually. A group of biological symptoms predicting the severity of depression was found via stepwise multiple regression analysis of variance. No such grouping was found for neuroticism. However, only neuroticism was found for neuroticism. However, only neuroticism was found to be a useful predictor of the biological symptoms when taken as a whole.

Depression↗
PubMed1979

Penfluridol: a long acting oral antipsychotic drug.

Penfluridol is a diphenylbutylpiperdine derivative with a half-life of sixty-six (66) hours. The present study was designed to determine its efficacy for the maintenance of schizophrenia. In a 52 week double-blind study, once weekly doses of penfluridol were compared with once daily doses of chlorpromazine in 56 schizophrenic patients receiving maintenance treatment on an outpatient basis. Both drugs were similar in their clinical effectiveness; no major side effects occurred with either drug.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Craving for alcohol in sober alcoholics.

The craving for alcohol experienced by 46 abstinent alcoholics was investigated with a structured interview, a personality inventory (the neuroticism Scale Questionnaire), and a mood state adjective checklist (Profile of Mood States). It was found that craving is a continuum, not an all-or-none phenomenon. The intensity of craving was positively correlated with the trait anxiety of the subject and inversely correlated with the duration of abstinence from alcohol. A large proportion of the craving was precipitated by environmental factors and relieved by psychological methods. A variety of mood changes accompanied carving. Only one mood state, anger-hostility, significantly differentiated subjects who experienced mild craving from those reporting severe craving.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Asymmetry of rCBF in schizophrenia: relationship to AP-gradient and duration of illness.

This article examines patients with schizophrenia and controls to determine whether asymmetry and anteroposterior (AP) gradient of cerebral blood flow (CBF) are related to duration of illness, and whether they are themselves correlated. CBF was measured with the 133xenon inhalation technique in 108 patients and 108 age-matched and gender-matched controls while the subjects were at rest. Two sets of analyses were performed. The first analyses indicated AP-gradient to be reduced in patients, and hemispheric asymmetry scores to be different from controls only in the temporal area. The second set of analyses were based on two groups of 27 patients, selected to represent extremes on duration of illness (less than 5 and greater than 12 years) and equal numbers of age-matched and gender-matched controls. These analyses revealed patients of both short and long duration of illness to have significantly greater temporal asymmetry, whereas only long-duration patients had significant AP-gradient relative to both controls and short-duration patients. Regression analyses from each data set found AP-gradient to be related to duration of illness, whereas temporal asymmetry was not, temporal asymmetry and AP-gradient were not correlated. These results suggest AP-gradient and temporal asymmetry may reflect independent processes.

Adult↗