Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to R J Lanzafame.
The sterile tongue depressor and Lucite block have been presented as simple, safe and inexpensive retractors for use in laser operations. Such inexpensive devices are cost effective alternatives to blackened surgical instruments.
A simple, accurate inexpensive method for obtaining Polaroid pictures after the intravenous injection of fluorescein is presented. The method relies on an interference filter system and modifications permitting the use of high speed film. The resultant photographic images are equivalent to the ultraviolet light fluorescence. The photographs may be used as either a diagnostic tool or for documentation purposes.
DISIDA imaging showed nonvisualization of the gallbladder in a patient with abscess adjacent to otherwise normal gallbladder. This adds to the gamut of reported causes of false-positive DISIDA scans.
Forty randomly selected patients admitted for elective cholecystectomy were entered into the study after they have given informed consent. Arterial blood gas analysis, FVC and FEV1 were measured preoperatively and on the second postoperative day. Preoperatively and on the third postoperative day, roentgenograms of the chest were obtained. The frequency of administration of narcotics was recorded through day 3. The double-blind method selected 17 patients for infiltration of 50 milliliters of 0.25 per cent bupivacaine hydrochloride into the wound and 23 patients for infiltration of 50 milliliters of normal saline solution at the time of closure of the incision. In the saline solution group, postoperative FVC and FEV1 values were only 50 per cent of the preoperative levels (p less than 0.005), while in the bupivacaine hydrochloride group, the FEV1 value was 72 per cent of the preoperative values (p less than 0.05) and the FVC, 78 per cent (p less than 0.05). Roentgenographic evidence of atelectasis occurred postoperatively in four patients of the saline solution group and in only nine patients of the bupivacaine hydrochloride group (p less than 0.001). The saline solution group required 10.8 doses of narcotic through day 3 in contrast with 6.5 doses for the bupivacaine hydrochloride group (p less than 0.05). The hospital stay was 6.6 days for those in the saline solution group and 5.9 days for those in the bupivacaine hydrochloride group (p value, not significant). No complications occurred. Intraoperative infiltration of bupivacaine hydrochloride into the wound improves pulmonary function, reduces the incidence of atelectases and lessens the use of narcotics following cholecystectomy.
Two techniques for obtaining Polaroid pictures of tissue after the injection of fluorescein intravenously are presented. A rabbit small intestinal volvulus model was used to determine the accuracy of the techniques. Both methods are simple, accurate and relatively inexpensive, and immediate and permanent documentation is provided. While both methods provide results equivalent or superior to ultraviolet light fluorescence, the interference filter method produced brighter fluorescence and the results were more easily interpreted. Both methods can be performed by inexperienced personnel.
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Breast cancer is an increasingly common problem affecting one in nine women. The optimal management of carcinoma of the breast remains controversial. This paper reviews the rationale for the use of laser technology in the treatment of primary and advanced breast cancer. The CO2 laser has several properties which make it advantageous for breast surgery. The technical details for optimal laser utilization are presented. Experimental evidence documents a marked reduction of local tumor recurrence following surgery with lasers. Preliminary human studies suggest that laser use lengthens the disease-free interval and may decrease local recurrence. Interstitial laser therapy holds promise for use in the treatment of locally advanced breast tumors and has been suggested by some as a potential modality for the primary therapy of breast cancer. The clinical use of lasers in the treatment of breast cancer is justified.
Tuftsin (Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg) is a naturally occurring tetrapeptide which stimulates most known functions of the polymorphonuclear and mononuclear phagocytic cell lines. Although tuftsin is a well characterized bioactive peptide, the exact physiological role tuftsin plays remains unclear. Specific mouse anti-tuftsin antiserum generated in our laboratory, is now available for phagocytosis inhibition studies. Monolayers of human neutrophils were prepared on glass coverslips from a few drops of finger prick blood obtained from a single healthy donor. The monolayers were treated with and without mouse anti-tuftsin antiserum at dilutions of 1:1000 or 1:2000. Exogenous tuftsin (1 microgram/ml) was also added with and without antibody. Treated and untreated neutrophils were subsequently incubated with unopsonized Staphylococcus aureus. The proportion of cells accomplishing phagocytosis (phagocytic index) and the number of bacteria engulfed per cell (avidity index) were recorded. The results showed that exogenous tuftsin increased phagocytosis while the addition of mouse anti-tuftsin antiserum at a 1:1000 dilution inhibited phagocytosis both with and without exogenous tuftsin. This effect was diminished by the antiserum at the 1:2000 dilution. This study reaffirms that tuftsin plays an important physiological role in phagocytosis.
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