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Biomedical subjects

R J Lamb

Publications and source records attributed to R J Lamb.

79 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Aphakic retinal detachment. Prophylaxis in the second eye.

One hundred and sixty-three cases of aphakic retinal detachment were reviewed and found to be divided equally between eyes which prior to cataract surgery had been myopic, highly myopic or in a low myope group. Only 30 per cent of the non-myopic eyes had not suffered some form of complication and these eyes constituted only 10 per cent of the whole study. It is concluded that non myopic eyes do not require prophylaxis but that most of the myopes do. Consideration should be given to extra-capsular cataract surgery in addition to prophylactic cryotherapy in the high risk groups.

Aphakia, Postcataract↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pretreatment dropout as a function of treatment delay and client variables.

Utilizing a retrospective analysis we examined factors correlated with preintake dropout in patients phoning to make intake appointments for cocaine treatment. Inquiries of 235 individuals calling our outpatient cocaine treatment program over a 7-month period were analyzed for relationships between patient age and gender; residence in the city where the program is located; marital status; referral source; reported problems with alcohol, marijuana, and heroin; reported last use of cocaine or other illicit stimulants; assigned counselor gender; person who made the appointment; days to the intake appointment; and attending the scheduled intake session. Only days to appointment was significantly (Wald = 12.4587, df = 1, p < .05 and chi 2 = 17.7, df = 8, p < .05) correlated with attending the scheduled intake session. Appointments scheduled the same day differed significantly (chi 2 = 4.3, n = 235, df = 1, p < .05) from appointments scheduled later. This suggests that client and situational variables are not significantly related to initial attendance and enhances the significance of systemic variables that are under a clinic's control, such as appointment delay. The results indicate that the longer the delay between the initial phone contact and the scheduled appointment, the less likely a client is to attend an appointment. Further, they suggest that the greatest decrease in initial attendance occurs in the first 24 hours following the phone inquiry. Taking a "microscopic" look at the appointment delay variable is valuable in understanding and addressing preintake dropout.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Coping strategies and continued drug use among methadone maintenance patients.

Drug addiction has been conceived as a maladaptive means of coping utilized by individuals unable or unwilling to deal with stresses in more adaptive ways. Although a growing body of evidence supports the link between alcohol abuse and maladaptive coping styles, there is relatively little empirical support for the connection between maladaptive coping and other kinds of drug use. The present study employed a cross-sectional design to assess coping and drug use in a sample of 276 methadone maintenance patients. Structural equation modeling was used to assess the factor structure of the coping measure and the relationship between coping and unauthorized drug use. The results suggest that coping and drug use are related in this population and that this relationship is different for Black patients than for White patients.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

From telephone to office: intake attendance as a function of appointment delay.

In the present study, 116 clients calling an outpatient cocaine treatment clinic were randomly assigned to intake appointments scheduled either the same day, 1 day, 3 days, or 7 days later. Significantly more subjects scheduled 1 day later attended their intake appointments (72%), compared to those scheduled 3 days (41%) or 7 days (38%) later. Odds ratios indicate that subjects offered intake appointments approximately 24 h following their initial contact are more than four times as likely to attend their intakes as those scheduled later. This accelerated intake procedure allows clinics to reach more patients in need of services.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Some effects of desmethylimipramine and amitriptyline on the schedule-controlled behavior of pigeons and rats.

The effects of desmethylimipramine and amitriptyline on schedule-controlled behavior of pigeons and rats were examined. Pigeons responded under either a multiple (mult) fixed-interval (FI) 600-sec, fixed-ratio (FR) 30-response schedule of food presentation or a mult FI 200-sec, FI 200-sec schedule, in which responding during one component was punished with electric shock. Rats responded under a mult FI 300-sec, FR 30-response schedule of food presentation. Under the mult FI, FR schedules, desmethylimipramine and amitriptyline decreased overall rates of FI and FR responding in both species. Overall rates of responding were decreased to similar extents under both the FI and FR components of the schedule. In the pigeon, but not in the rat, the effects of desmethylimipramine and amitriptyline on responding under the FI component of the mult FI, FR schedule depended on the control-rate of responding, i.e. desmethylimipramine and amitriptyline increased more or decreased less the low rates of FI responding at the beginning of the FI compared to the higher rates of FI responding at the end of the FI. In contrast, in the rat desmethylimipramine and amitriptyline did not differentially affect the low rates of responding at the beginning of the FI compared to the higher rates of responding at the end of the FI. Correspondingly, in the pigeon, but not in the rat, desmethylimipramine and amitriptyline decreased the fixed-interval quarter-life at relatively low doses. In the pigeon neither desmethylimipramine nor amitriptyline differentially affected the overall rate of punished as compared to unpunished responding.

Amitriptyline↗