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Biomedical subjects

R J Corry

Publications and source records attributed to R J Corry.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Effect of blood transfusions on survival of cadaver and living related renal transplants.

The effect of blood transfusion was analyzed in 194 first cadaver renal transplants and 86 living related renal transplants. The association of blood transfusion with HLA genotyping and poor risk recipients was analyzed. Exclusion of poor risk recipients improved graft survival among the transfused group of patients but not in the small subgroup of nontransfused recipients. No effect of blood transfusion was observed in the living related group. Improved graft survival was observed in both the haplotype-matched and nonhaplotype-matched transfused cadaver recipients. The haplotype-transfused recipients had grafts survival rates of 69 and 66% at 1 and 2 years, respectively. The greatest beneficial effect was seen in the double haplotype-transfused cadaver recipients with graft survival rates of 80 and 71% for the same period. The lack of beneficial effect of transfusion in the living related patients is felt to be a result of the fact that the maximum effect had already been achieved by a far superior donor-recipient histocompatibility than is able to be achieved in a large group of cadaver recipients.

Blood Transfusion↗
PubMed1979

Improving graft and patient survival rates in renal transplantation.

This report illustrates the improving trend in patient survival of recipients of cadaver and living-related kidneys. Mortality has been less than 3% for living-related recipients and less than 8% at one year for recipients of cadaver kidneys excluding diabetic patients. Although mortality of the diabetic recipient group receiving cadaver kidneys remains a problem, it has decreased in the last year such that overall mortality of the entire diabetic group is 20% at one year. The various factors leading to improved graft function rate are also emphasized.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1978

Immunological enhancement of rat small intestinal allografts.

In an attempt to evaluate whether survival of rat intestinal allografts could be extended by the administration of enhancing serum, Lewis-Brown Norway small intestine was transplanted to Lewis recipients, using microsurgical techniques. Only multiple injections of serum, administered on alternate days, resulted in a prolongation of survival by a few days. Neither graft irradiation nor a single injection of antiserum was effective in increasing survival time of the transplanted intestine. Clinical trials of intestinal transplantation from cadaver donors will probably have to await a clearer understanding of various methods of altering host responsiveness to foreign tissue. At the present time, central venous nutrition offers the best solution to the patient with an insufficient length of small intestine.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Choline acetyltransferase activity in rat heart after transplantation.

Choline acetyltransferase (CAT) catalyzes the biosynthesis of acetylcholine according to the chemical equation: Acetyl-CoA + Choline in equilibrium Acetylcholine + CoA. To demonstrate the neuronal relationship of this enzyme, CAT activity was measured in hearts to which the extrinsic innervation was completely interrupted by extirpation of the heart from a donor animal and transplantation in a heterotopic position into the recipient's abdominal cavity. After the animals were killed at 8 days, enzyme activity in the transplanted hearts was measured and compared with that of the recipient. Choline acetyltransferase activity decreased 98% in the right atrium of the transplanted denervated hearts, 94% in the SA node, 87% in the left atrium, 80% in the right ventricle, and about 50% in the interventricular septum and left ventricle. These data show that sectioning the extrinsic parasympathetic innervation to the heart results in variable decreases in CAT activity, a finding which confirms that CAT activity is related to the extrinsic cholinergic innervation. The extrinsic (preganglionic) component of the parasympathetic system is nonuniform and supplies predominantly the specialized regions of the heart with conduction tissue. The residual enzyme activity is related to intrinsic (postganglionic) parasympathetic neurons. The intrinsic component is uniformly distributed to both specialized and contractile regions of the heart.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Critical comparison of renal transplant survival between recipients of live related donor and cadaver organs.

Survival statistics of 163 cadaver and 60 live related donor renal transplants from a single center were analyzed. Survival rates at one, two and three years for 38 first cadaver transplants matched for a haplotype and 34 first live related donor haplotype matched kidneys were virtually the same. In addition, nine, four antigen matched cadaver transplants had a comparable survival rate at one, two and three years to the larger group of 25 HL-A identical live related donor kidneys. When poor risk cadaver recipients were excluded from the entire cadaver group, the graft survival rate approached that of the live related group at one year but declined more rapidly at two and three years than did the live related donor group. Thus, cadaver renal transplantation in this series appears to be an alternative to comparably matched live related donor transplants. An increased effort should be made to identify and use brain death cadaver donors for transplantation. As more donors become available and national sharing systems are improved, a strong case can be made to avoid the use of live related donor kidneys, except in instances of a perfect match.

Brain Death↗
PubMed1978

Psychiatric illness and human renal transplantation.

This study focuses on physiological as well as psychological causes for psychiatric illness in renal transplant recipients. During an 18 month period 20 transplant recipients were evaluated in psychiatric consultation. A variety of psychiatric illnesses were noted with eight having a secondary depression diagnosed according to psychiatric research criteria. Case histories of these patients indicated that corticosteroid and meythyldopa therapy were significant etiologic agents in the development of the depressive syndrome. A step-wise approach to the management of patients with depressed mood or slowed thinking was proposed.

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMed1977

Trephine air drill, bronchial brush, and fiberoptic transbronchial lung biopsies in immunosuppressed patients.

Seventy-nine nonthoracotomy lung and bronchial biopsy procedures were performed in 52 immunosuppressed patients: 22 renal transplants, 24 lymphoreticular malignancies, and 6 other disorders. The total diagnostic yield was 74 per cent (23 of 31) of the forcepts transbronchial biopsy procedures, 82 per cent (14 of 17) of the percutaneous trephine lung biopsies, and 28 per cent (9 of 31) of the bronchial brush biopsies. An etiologic diagnosis, including a variety of viral fungal, and parasitic diseases, was obtained in 42 per cent (13 of 31) of the transbronchial biopsy procedures and 65 per cent (11 of 17) of the percutaneous trephine lung biopsies. The etiologic diagnostic yield was increased to 48 per cent when bronchial brushing was combined with forceps transbronchial biopsy. Hemorrhage complicated 26 per cent of the transbronchial biopsy procedures and 17 per cent of the percutaneous trephine biopsies, whereas pneumothorax occurred in 19 per cent and 60 per cent, respectively. Hemorrhagic complications in patients undergoing transbronchial biopsy occurred 3 times as frequently among the uremic patients (5 of 11, 45 per cent) as among the nonazotemic patients (3 of 20, 15 per cent). Patients with thrombocytopenia, when corrected by platelet infusion, presented no increased risk. Of the 52 patients, 19 (36 per cent) died 2 to 60 days after biopsy, but no fatalities were related per se to the biopsy procedure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Liver disease in renal transplant recipients.

Significant liver disease developed in 14 patients after renal transplantation. Nine patients had morphologic and functional evidence of chronic active hepatitis. In general, these patients had few symptoms of liver disease, even though the course of chronic active hepatitis was progressive. Despite large doses of prednisone, cirrhosis ultimately developed in five patients. The cause of chronic active hepatitis could not be related to azathioprine or methyldopa therapy because there was no perceptible change in the course of liver disease after treatment with these drugs was stopped. Three patients were persistently positive for hepatitis B surface antigen. Isolated instances of granulomatous hepatitis (Mycobacterium kansasii) and of prolonged intrahepatic cholestasis were encountered in patients with chronic active hepatitis. Two patients had acute cytomegalovirus hepatitis. There was one episode each of fulminant herpes simplex hepatitis and severe fatty metamorphosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Prolongation of survival of rat parathyroid allografts by enhancing serum and tissue culture.

To determine whether survival of allografted rat parathyroid tissue could be enhanced either by the administration of antidonor serum (enhancing serum) or by tissue culture of the graft, parathyroids from Lewis x Brown Norway F1 (LBNF1) rats were transplanted beneath the fascia and between hamstring muscle fibers of hypocalcemic parathyroidectomized Lewis recipients (serum calcium 4.3 +/- 0.13mg%--mean +/- SEM). A drop in serum calcium below 7.5 mg% indicated rejection. Seven group 1 rats that received isogeneic parathyroids recovered from their hypocalcemic state and remained normocalcemic indefinitely. Seven group 2 rats that received LBNF(1) parathyroids experienced a reduced mean maximal response (MMR) of calcium increase of 4.1 +/- 0.2 mg% and the grafts had a median survival time (MST) of 16.0 +/- 1.32 days. Group 3 rats that received 1 ml of enhancing serum by intraperiotoneal injection, cytotoxic titer 1:128, on alternate days for five doses experienced an MMR of 5.0 +/- 0.7 mg% and had an MST of 19.3 +/- 1.07 days. When enhancing serum, cytotoxic titer 1:256, was administered to group 4, the MST of the grafts was increased to 29.7 +/- 1.19 days. When LBNF(1) parathyroid tissue was preserved in tissue culture for 14 to 21 days and then transplanted into Lewis recipients, the MST was 22.5 +/- 1.48 days. The administration of enhancing serum to recipients of cultured parathyroids further extended graft survival, MST 57.5 +/- 2.32 days. In summary, survival of allografted parathyroid tissue can be prolonged by the administration of enchancing serum or tissue culture of the graft. When enhancing serum was administered to recipients of cultured allografted parathyroid tissue, survival was further increased.

Animals↗