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Biomedical subjects

R J Babaian

Publications and source records attributed to R J Babaian.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Pseudosarcomatous fibromyxoid tumor of the urinary bladder.

The light-microscopic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural features of two examples of a pseudosarcomatous fibromyxoid tumor of the urinary bladder are reported. Both patients were women, 56 and 52 years old. Gross hematuria was the chief complaint and occurred for two days and two weeks, respectively, before presentation. Cystoscopy revealed a 2 X 1 X 1 cm mass located at the dome in case 1 and a 4 X 3 X 3 cm mass at the left posterior lateral wall in case 2. Microscopically, the lesions were composed of spindle, plump, or stellated fibroblast-like cells embedded in myxoid stroma with little collagen; mitotic figures were about 2 per 10 high-power fields, and both cases showed encroachment of the superficial muscle bundles. Because of bizarre spindle cell proliferation, occasional mitoses, and invasion to the underlying muscle, these lesions were initially diagnosed as embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. However, follow-up examination disclosed the benign nature of these lesions. There was no previous instrumentation or surgery on the genitourinary tract. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies revealed the fibroblastic-myofibroblastic nature of these lesions. These cases illustrate that clinicopathologic correlation is essential to define certain pseudosarcomatous lesions.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1985

Reliability of Gleason grading system in comparing prostate biopsies with total prostatectomy specimens.

Prostate biopsy and total prostatectomy specimens from 31 patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate were compared using the Gleason histopathologic grading system. The overall accuracy when grouping the scores into three categories (2-4, 5-7, and 8-10) was 81 per cent. The incidence of critical undergrading was 6 per cent while the incidence of critical overgrading was 13 per cent. Eighty-seven per cent of the biopsy scores were plus or minus 1 Gleason unit of the prostatectomy scores. Intraobserver variation was less than 1 Gleason unit. The mean absolute difference between the biopsy and the total prostatectomy specimen was 0.77 Gleason units. The Gleason category score of the total prostate specimen can be predicted from the biopsy tissue with reasonably good accuracy. The limitation of this grading system in predicting the presence or absence of pelvic node involvement is discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Immune complexes in urine and serum of patients with bladder cancer.

The urine and/or serum of 43 patients with bladder cancer was tested for the presence of immune complexes. Immune complexes were present more frequently in the urine (38 per cent) than in the serum (23 per cent). Urinary immune complexes were elevated in 10 per cent of the patients with no tumor (group 1), 25 per cent with superficial neoplasms (group 2) and 89 per cent with infiltrating or metastatic disease (group 3), which compared favorably to elevated serum immune complexes in 20, 25 and 33 per cent of the patients, respectively. The incidence of urinary immune complexes was statistically significant when compared in patients with and without active tumors (p less than 0.03), and when group 3 patients were compared to those in group 1 or 2 (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.03, respectively). Unlike serum immune complexes urinary immune complexes appeared to correlate with the presence and stage of bladder cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Chemotherapy of hormone-refractory carcinoma of prostate with 5-fluorouracil, adriamycin, and mitomycin C.

A modification of the DMF protocol was used to treat 14 patients with hormone-refractory adenocarcinoma of the prostate. A subjective response of pain relief occurred in 71 per cent (10/14) of the patients. The median duration of the response in these patients was 4.2 months, and their median survival was 248 days. No patient experienced either an objective complete or partial response based on the criteria of the NPCP. However, an objective stable response was produced in 36 per cent (5/14) of the patients, and their median survival was 330 days. Patients entering the study with a performance status of less than or equal to 2 exhibited a longer median survival than patients with a performance status greater than 2. This regimen of 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), and mitomycin C is reasonably well tolerated and appears to warrant consideration as a palliative therapeutic alternative in hormone-resistant prostate cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

Intraluminal antibiotic regimen for patients undergoing transrectal needle biopsy of prostate.

Twenty-five consecutive patients who had an abnormal prostate examination were subjected to transrectal biopsy of the prostate gland. The day prior to biopsy the patients were started on a modification of the Nichols-Condon bowel preparation utilizing only neomycin and erythromycin base. Although none of the patients became febrile, 3 patients had a positive post-biopsy blood culture (2 anaerobic and 1 aerobic). None of the 24 patients with a negative pre-biopsy urine culture had a positive post-biopsy culture. This regimen effectively reduces the reported incidence of both fever (95% confidence limit of 0 to 13.7% for the true proportion) and bacteremia (95% confidence limit of 2.6 to 31.2% for the true proportion).

Bacteriuria↗
PubMed1982

Serum haptoglobin: a nonspecific tumor marker for renal cell carcinoma.

Serum haptoglobin levels were measured in 116 patients with renal cell carcinoma. The overall accuracy of correlation between haptoglobin levels and the presence or absence of known disease was 68% (normal in 87% of patients without clinically apparent disease, and elevated in 58% of patients with disease). The levels appear to correlate with the extent of tumor burden: stable when clinical disease is stable, rising as disease progresses, and falling after effective therapy. Serum haptoglobin is rarely falsely elevated, which suggests an excellent potential for disease surveillance. This nonspecific tumor marker appears to merit further evaluation in patients with renal cell carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

Complications of transabdominal retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy.

Twelve complications occurred in 175 patients (7%) undergoing transabdominal retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy for management of nonseminomatous testicular carcinoma. There was no operative mortality. The low morbidity and rare mortality associated with the operation justifies its continued use both as a staging procedure and as a therapeutic modality.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Wilms' tumor in the adult patient: diagnosis, management, and review of the world medical literature.

Adult Wilms' tumor, unlike that of childhood, is a rare disease. A total of 167 cases have been reported in the world medical literature. However, there is controversy as to whether all of these are indeed truly nephroblastomas or in actuality represent sarcomatoid renal carcinomas. The pathologic hallmarks of this neoplasms are distinctive and it is histologically similar to the childhood tumor. The therapeutic guidelines and surgical principles that govern childhood Wilms' tumor should be applied to adult Wilms' tumor. Agressive and multimodal therapy should be the hallmark of management of this rare neoplasm. Three well documented cases of Wilms' tumor in the adult patient are presented. Of these three patients, two who presented with Stage IV disease and were treated with multimodal therapy were rendered free of disease, one living at 24 months and the other dead at five months.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Metastases from transitional cell carcinoma of urinary bladder.

In 107 patients who died of metastatic transitional cell carcinoma, the most common sites for metastases at necropsy were the lymph nodes, liver, lung, bone, and adrenal gland. Metastases first were documented clinically in multiple-organ sites in one third of the patients; solitary metastases were present in only 9 patients at necropsy. The mean duration of survival for patients was thirteen months from the diagnosis of the primary tumor. The metastatic lesion(s) generally were evident clinically within eleven months of the primary diagnosis; death ensued usually within three months. Our finding that the majority of patients presented initially with high-grade tumors suggests that a high-grade lesion, regardless of its clinical stage, warrants early aggressive therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Mixed mesodermal tumors of urinary bladder: prognosis and management.

Three cases of mixed mesodermal tumors of the urinary bladder characterized by the simultaneous occurrence of malignant epithelial and mesenchymal elements in the same tumor are reported. Integrated therapy consisting of preoperative radiotherapy followed by radical cystectomy is recommended. Chemotherapy is best withheld until the nature of any metastatic disease has been confirmed histologically in order that the appropriate drugs can be administered.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

The case for conservative surgical management of the ilioinguinal region after inadequate orchiectomy.

We describe 16 patients who underwent conservative surgical treatment of the ilioinguinal region after transscrotal orchiectomy had demonstrated a non-seminomatous germ cell tumor. Treatment consisted of an en bloc partial scrotectomy and removal of the remaining spermatic cord, usually through 2 incisions. Residual disease was present in 3 patients (19%) but malignant disease has not recurred in any. It is concluded that an inguinal lymphadenectomy is not warranted routinely in such patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Primary carcinoma of the ureter.

Records were reviewed for 44 patients with primary carcinoma of the ureter. The lesion was transitional cell carcinoma in 40 patients, squamous carcinoma in 3 and unclassified carcinoma in 1. The distal ureter was the site of origin in 73 per cent of the patients. The over-all 5-year survival rate of 67 per cent was influenced by the grade and the stage of the tumors, did not have a significant influence on survival. The results suggest that conservative management should be limited to patients with low grade noninvasive tumors confined to the distal ureter. Adjuvant radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy deserves further evaluation in the management of patients with invasive disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Secondary tumors of ureter.

Carcinoma metastatic to the ureter, representing hematogenous or lymphatic spread from a distant primary neoplasm, was diagnosed in 39 patients. Although the lesions are uncommon and usually represent late manifestations of malignant disease, earlier recognition and relief of urinary tract obstruction may allow for improvement in symptoms and survival.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Conservative surgical management for noninvasive distal ureteral carcinoma.

Distal ureterectomy with direct ureteroneocystostomy facilitated by the psoas bladder hitch procedure has been used in 6 patients for management of low-grade, noninvasive primary ureteral carcinoma. All patients are alive, two to ninety-six months postoperatively. Recurrent ipsilateral urothelial malignant disease has occurred in only 1 patient, twenty-six months postoperatively, necessitating a secondary nephroureterectomy. Renal function has been preserved in the remaining 5 patients. The continued practice of conservative surgery in these cases appears warranted.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Transvesical intussusception (Lich) ureterectomy.

Intussusception ureterectomy has been used to excise prophylactically the distal ureter in 10 patients with carcinoma of the renal pelvis. The procedure has proved safe and expeditious, as well as permitting more precise excision of the surrounding vesical mucosa.

Adult↗