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Biomedical subjects

R Iizuka

Publications and source records attributed to R Iizuka.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Mechanism of the decrease in metacarpal bone mineral content due to oophorectomy].

In order to determine the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of post-oophorectomized osteopenia, we have investigated the bone mineral status and the serum levels of calcium regulating hormones in 250 females. The bone mineral status was measured in 250 [173 pre-menopausal females (controls) and 77 who received oophorectomy] females by microdensitometry in the metacarpal bone. Among these subjects, in some cases who were selected randomly, the serum levels of Alp, Ca, Pi, M-PTH, calcitonin (CT), bone gla protein (BGP), estrone, estradiol and delta 4-androstenedione, and the urinary excretion of Ca and hydroxyproline (OH-pro) as a function of the creatinine ratio were measured. The mineralization indices of bone such as GSmax, GSmin, and sigma GS/D in oophorectomized patients were significantly less than those in controls at ages up to 45 years. On the other hand, the index of periosteal bone resorption (MCI) in the oophorectomized group was less than that in controls at ages up to 50 years. Serum levels of Alp, Ca, Pi and BGP were higher in oophorectomized subjects than in controls. Despite these facts, the serum levels of calcium regulating hormones such as M-PTH and CT in these two groups were significantly different. Urinary Ca/cr and OH-pro/cr ratios were significantly higher in oophorectomized subjects at ages 40-44 than those in age matched controls. These data clearly indicate that oophorectomy causes high turn-over osteopenia.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Analysis of cytoplasmic factors in developmental cleavage of mouse embryo.

One-cell embryos from certain mouse strains were found incapable of developing beyond the 2-cell stage in vitro (2-cell block), but a microinjection of EDTA effectively overcame this block. When 2-cell arrested embryos were fused with embryos that had developed to the late 2-cell stage in vivo, the fusants developed beyond the 2-cell stage. Microinjection of cytoplasm of in vivo 2-cell embryos into 1-cell embryos also obviated the 2-cell block. Analyses of 35S-labeled embryos by 2-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicated changes in synthetic protein patterns possibly related to this block.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Immobilized Datura stramonium agglutinin column chromatography, a novel method to discriminate the urinary hCGs of patients with invasive mole and choriocarcinoma from those of normal pregnant women and patients with hydatidiform mole.

Datura stramonium agglutinin (DSA) binds the asparagine-linked sugar chains commonly found in the human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) purified from urine of patients with invasive mole or choriocarcinoma, but not in that of normal pregnant women or patients with hydatidiform mole. With the use of an immobilized DSA column, a novel method to discriminate urinary hCGs from various trophoblastic diseases was developed.

Carbohydrate Sequence↗
PubMed1988

Treatment of polycystic ovarian disease by inducing ovulation with pulsatile subcutaneous administration of human menopausal gonadotrophin associated with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue.

Treatment with a combination of luteinizing hormone-releasing analogue (GnRHa, Buserelin) and pulsatile administration of hMG (Group I) were used to induce ovulation in nine patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCO). The same patients were also treated with pulsatile hMG administration alone (Group II). Ovulation was observed in all twelve treatment cycles in Group I, and there were two pregnancies. In Group II, ovulation occurred in 22 of 26 treatment cycles. Ovarian hyperstimulation occurred in one cycle of Group I and in 5 of 26 cycles of Group II. The total dose per cycle of hMG to induce ovulation in Group I was significantly lower than that needed when only pulsatile hMG administration was used. In response to Buserelin administration, the concentrations of serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) increased transiently and then declined to the normal range observed in the early follicular phase. The concentrations of FSH increased in response to hMG administration, resulting in a normal LH/FSH ratio. The present data demonstrated that pulsatile subcutaneous administration of hMG in addition to Buserelin was effective in inducing follicular maturation and ovulation in patients with PCO with a lower incidence of serious side-effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Washing and concentration of human semen by Percoll density gradients and its application to AIH.

Human sperm for use in artificial insemination with husband's semen (AIH) were prepared by two methods: the monolayer Percoll method and the discontinuous Percoll density gradient of four steps. The former focused mainly on the oligozoospermic semen concentration, with the sperm concentration and motility being improved 4.29 +/- 3.7 times and 1.92 +/- 1.1 times, respectively (n = 41). The latter was used principally for the selective isolation of forward motile sperm, with the sperm motility being increased from 42.3 +/- 29.5% to 76.3 +/- 11.0% after centrifugation. The clinical application of these procedures resulted in 35 (the monolayer Percoll method) and 10 (the discontinuous Percoll density gradient) successful deliveries with greater enhancement of sperm qualities. The number of females was predominate over the males in the delivered cases: 31:34 (100:45.1) females to males.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Change in leukocyte count in peripheral blood of nude mouse bearing transplanted gynecological malignant tumors.

The cells of 25 cell lines derived from malignant tumors in the gynecological field were transplanted subcutaneously into nude mice. The growth of the grafted tumors and changes in the number of leukocytes and leukocyte hemograms of the peripheral blood were examined, and the following conclusions were obtained. (1) Leukocytosis (more than 20,000/mm3) was observed in only 2 cell lines (ovarian poorly differentiated clear cell carcinoma (HUOCA-II) and ovarian anaplastic carcinoma (HTBOA] among 24 cell lines transplanted (SKN cell line could not be transplanted). (2) A positive correlation was found between the growth of the grafted tumor and leukocytosis. The leukocyte hemogram revealed that 98% of the cells were granulocytes (neutrophils). (3) After resection of the tumor, the number of leukocytes and the leukocyte hemograms returned to normal. (4) No metastasis to the bone marrow or inflammation was found in the nude mice bearing tumors and showing leukocytosis. Further when bone marrow cells of mouse and human were cultured in soft agar containing conditioned medium of HUOCA-II and HTBOA cells colonies of leukocytes were observed in which 98% were granulocytes (neutrophils). It is concluded from the results above that the marked granulocytosis found in the tumor-bearing mice was caused in part by granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF).

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Glandular cell properties of cell line (HKUS) derived from small cell non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix.

HKUS cell line was established by culturing a uterine cervical small cell non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma from a 70-year-old woman. The cells were spindle-like and roundish in shape and in an epithelial cell arrangement. No contact inhibition was observed, and the cells proliferated in multi-layer fashion. Proliferation was quick and more than 250 passages were observed within 4 years after establishment. The chromosome number mode was found in the diploid range, and the chromosomes of stem cells showed a structure abnormality of 45, X, -X. Most HKUS cells had characteristics of glandular cells, and adenocarcinoma was formed when the cells were transplanted into the subepidermis of nude mouse. Some HKUS cells had characteristics of squamous epithelial cells. The HKUS line is regarded as a primitive carcinoma cell line that can differentiate into squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

[Identification of cultured cell employing specific substance--with special references of "reserve cells" in uterine cervix].

Identification of endocervical "reserve cell", which have been regarded as the origin of squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix, was attempted employing immunohistochemically specific substances. The antigenicity of keratin, squamous cell carcinoma antigen(SCC), epithelial membrane antigen(EMA), tissue polypeptide antigen(TPA), vimentin, secretory component(SC) and placental alkaline phosphatase(PLAP) was investigated in histological preparations as well as cultured cells obtained from primary culture of endocervical tissue. The immunohistochemical findings in histological preparations revealed the following: a strongly positive reaction with TPA, a slightly positive reaction with EMA, a very slightly positive with SCC and PLAP, and a negative reaction with keratin, vimentin and SC. Cultured cells were divided into 4 groups according to their morphological characteristics; among these, small rounded or polygonal cells with a centric single nucleus showed similar immunocytochemical reactions to those of "reserve cells" in histological preparations, indicating that "reserve cell" can be growing in culture. The results obtained suggest that immunohistocytochemical specific substances may be useful to identify cultured cells.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1988

Establishment of a human ovarian clear cell carcinoma cell line (RMG-I) and its single cell cloning--with special reference to the stem cell of the tumor.

A cell line, designated RMG-I, has been established from ascites of a patient with ovarian clear cell carcinoma. RMG-I cells have grown well for more than 6 years with mirror ball formation. Chromosome analysis revealed aneuploidy with a modal number of 47 and 3 marker chromosomes. The histological characteristics of the transplanted tumor were similar to those observed in the original tumor which was composed of dark cells, clear cells, and hobnail cells. Thus, the RMG-I cell line was identified to be an ovarian clear cell carcinoma. Immunohistochemically, basic fetoprotein (BFP) and ferritin were demonstrated in the original tumor, the cultured cells, and the transplanted tumor. Furthermore, in order to clarify whether these 3 kinds of cells originate from one stem cell or not, monoclonal cell population were transplanted into nude mice, and its histological investigation revealed that 3 types of cells existed in the transplanted tumor, proving that they originate from one stem cell.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

[On the clinical usefulness of a few sugar antigens and a galactosyl-transferase].

Using human cultured cell lines or lymphocytes, two kinds of murine- and one human-monoclonal antibodies were produced, respectively and their clinical usefulness were investigated, and the possibility of galactosyl-transferase as a new tumor maker was also discussed. (1) A murine monoclonal antibody MSN-1, which was raised against human endometrial cancer cell line and recognized blood type sugar chain Leb, reacted with about 85% of endometrial cancer tissues, indicating that useful clinical information may be obtained by applying MSN-1 to immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. (2) A new assay system using two murine monoclonal antibodies MA54 and MA61, which were raised against human lung cancer cell line and reacted with mucin sugar residues, revealed 76% positive rate in ovarian cancer patients, especially 82% in mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, indicating the clinical effectiveness as a new tumor maker compensating for the drawbacks of CA-125. (3) Galactosyl-transferase isozyme GT-2 was analyzed by the assay system using a newly produced monoclonal antibody. GT-2 was positive in 74% of ovarian cancers, especially in 89% of meso-nephroid cancer, indicating that GT-2 could be a useful tumor maker in ovarian tumors. (4) Human monoclonal antibody, which recognized "type 1 sugar chain" or iso-paragloboside, reacted about one half of endometrial cancer tissues. The production of human monoclonal antibody may contribute to the cancer imaging and the missile therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Study on luteal insufficiency by the two-step LH-RH test].

To clarify both the releasing function and the self-priming effect of LH-RH on gonadotropins of the anterior pituitary gland, two step administration of 100 micrograms of synthetic LH-RH at a 60 minutes interval (two step LH-RH test) was carried out in 29 women with luteal insufficiency, 10 women in luteal phase just after spontaneous abortion, 12 women in puerperium and 24 women with normal menstrual cycles. Native LH, FSH and their subunits were measured by radioimmunoassay and serum progesterone (P), estradiol (E2) and prolactin (PRL) were also measured before administration of LH-RH. By defining hormone release (1st peak level-0' level) as delta 1, self-priming effect (2nd peak level-60' level) as delta 2 and delta 2/delta 1 as delta 1 delta 2 ratio, in the luteal insufficiency group, especially in the cases with lower of serum P and E2, delta 1 was significantly higher and the delta 1 delta 2 ratio was lower than those in the control group. In the abortion group, delta 1 and delta 2 were similar to those in the control group, indicating rapid recovery of the anterior pituitary function. In the puerperium group (approximately 1 month after delivery), delta 1 was higher and the delta 1 delta 2 ratio was lower than those in the control group. This suggests that the puerperium is more or less similar to the period of luteal insufficiency. The results also indicate that the two step LH-RH test can be one of the useful methods for the study of luteal insufficiency in terms of the pituitary gonadotropin synthesis and release.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1987

A detrimental effect of platelets on mouse embryo development.

We reported previously that serum prepared by delayed centrifugation of whole blood (DC serum), which is used widely in human in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer programs, has a detrimental effect on embryonic development. In an attempt to understand the mode of production of embryo-toxic factors in DC serum, we developed a model in which blood coagulation is initially blocked and later induced. The serum prepared in this fashion from whole blood (WB serum) is detrimental to mouse embryo development, as is DC serum. The toxicity of WB serum appears to derive mainly from the platelet release reaction during blood coagulation. Adenosine diphosphate and/or its degradation products may act directly to impair embryonic development and appear to be the main embryo-toxic substance(s) resulting from the platelet release reaction.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1987

Diplococcal beta-galactosidase with a specificity reacting to beta 1-4 linkage but not to beta 1-3 linkage as a useful exoglycosidase for the structural elucidation of glycolipids.

Diplococcal beta-galactosidase, which is known to be useful for the structural studies of glycoprotein-linked oligosaccharides, was found to show the same substrate specificity in cleaving Gal beta 1-4 linkages of glycolipids as that of the oligosaccharides. The optimum conditions of beta-galactosidase in the 80% ammonium sulfate precipitates of the culture medium of Streptococcus (Diplococcus) pneumoniae were determined with nLcOse4Cer radiolabeled by the galactose oxidase-NaB3H4 procedure. Detergent was required for the highest activity, and different combinations of several buffers and detergents showed different properties in stimulating beta-galactosidase, and in enhancing or suppressing N-acetyl-beta-hexosaminidase which was contaminated in the enzyme preparation. The optimum pH was found to be at 6.5, and specific activity and Km were 8.1 nmol/mg protein/h and 1 nmol, respectively. While more than 70% of beta-galactose was liberated from LacCer and nLcOse4Cer within 1 h under the optimum conditions to form GlcCer and nLcOse3Cer, respectively, none was liberated from LcOse4Cer, GalCer, GgOse4Cer, GbOse3Cer, IV3 alpha GalnLcOse4Cer, and Il3NeuAcGgOse4Cer, showing the substrate specificity solely to Gal beta 1-4 linkage.

Carbohydrate Conformation↗
PubMed1987

Sexing of human sperm by discontinuous Percoll density gradient and its clinical application.

A discontinuous Percoll density gradient was employed for the selective isolation of human X-bearing sperm. The fraction rich in X-bearing sperm that sedimented through eight steps of a Percoll density gradient was inseminated into healthy volunteers. Six couples achieved pregnancy and each delivered a female baby without abnormality. For further separation, a Percoll density gradient consisting of 12 steps gave a 94% purification of X-bearing sperm (contamination with Y-bearing sperm: 6.4 +/- 1.8%) with a mean recovery of 23.3 +/- 6.4% (n = 6).

Centrifugation, Density Gradient↗
PubMed1987

Tyrosine hydroxylase, tryptophan hydroxylase, biopterin, and neopterin in the brains of normal controls and patients with senile dementia of Alzheimer type.

The activities of tyrosine hydroxylase and tryptophan hydroxylase, and the concentrations of the biopterin cofactor and the precursor neopterin were measured in 14 regions of postmortem brains from four histologically verified patients of senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDAT) and eight histologically normal controls. Neopterin concentrations were measured in the human brain for the first time. The activities of tyrosine hydroxylase and tryptophan hydroxylase in the brains of patients with SDAT were significantly reduced in the substantia nigra and in the lateral segment of the globus pallidus, locus ceruleus, and substantia nigra, respectively. The concentrations of total biopterin in the brains of patients with SDAT were significantly reduced in the putamen and substantia nigra, but the total neopterin concentrations did not change significantly. These results suggest that the reduction in biogenic amines in SDAT might be related to reductions in biosynthetic enzymes associated with biogenic amines, due to destruction of monoaminergic neurons.

Aged↗