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Biomedical subjects

R I Macpherson

Publications and source records attributed to R I Macpherson.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

"Communicating" bronchopulmonary foregut malformations.

The clinical, radiologic, and pathologic features of four children with uncommon variations of congenital bronchopulmonary foregut malformations are presented. In each case, the malformation included a persistent communication between lung tissue and the gastrointestinal tract. One case, in which an esophageal bronchus was associated with esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula, is considered extremely unusual. The embryogenesis of these communicating bronchopulmonary foregut malformations is outlined, and the key radiologic features are discussed.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1984

Neonatal urinomas: imaging considerations.

Neonatal urinomas can be defined as encapsulated extravasations of urine occurring secondary to congenital obstructive uropathies. Since 1978, four patients with proven urinomas have been studied at the Medical University of South Carolina, three of which had posterior urethral valves and the fourth, a segmental ureteral atresia. They were classified into three major types; subcapsular, diffuse perirenal and localized perirenal. The radiologic and imaging appearances are demonstrated. We found the most efficacious approach for identification of neonatal urinomas to be renal ultrasound, voiding cystourethrography and the Tc-99m DPTA renal scintigraphy.

Ascites↗
PubMed1983

Neonatal bladder injury occurring after umbilical artery catheterization by cutdown.

Umbilical artery catheterization is a widely used technique for monitoring sick neonates. When it is performed by cutdown, the proximity of peritoneum, urachus, and bladder makes these structures vulnerable to injury. Three neonates experienced bladder perforation that resulted from umbilical artery catheterization by cutdown. The diagnosis was aided by measuring electrolyte levels in the umbilical fluid and was confirmed by cystography. Conservative treatment was successful in one neonate, but two required operative repair of the bladder laceration.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1983

The campomelic syndrome: review, report of 17 cases, and follow-up on the currently 17-year-old boy first reported by Maroteaux et al in 1971.

We report 17 cases of the campomelic syndrome (CS) and a follow-up of one of the original patients of Maroteaux et al who is now 17 years old. Our review is based on 97 patients, including our own. An infant with the CS presents at birth with spectacularly short and bowed femora and tibiae. The initial chest radiograph confirms the diagnosis by demonstrating extremely small bladeless scapulae and hypoplastic pedicles of many thoracic vertebrae. Ossification of the sternal segments, pubis, talus, and knee epiphyses is also retarded. Usually the hips are dislocated and talipes equinovarus deformities are present. There is a small chondrocranium and a disproportionately large neurocranium. The bell-shaped chest, narrow superiorly, does not explain the degree of respiratory distress that soon ensues. Narrow airways from defective tracheo-bronchial cartilage can often be demonstrated on the radiograph, but micrognathia, retroglossia, cleft palate, hypoplastic lungs, and even CNS-based hypotonia contribute to the respiratory problem. Internal anomalies include frequent absence of olfactory bulbs and tracts and dilatation of cerebral ventricles, heart defects (PDA, VSD, stenosis of aortic isthmus), hydroureter and hydronephrosis, renal hypoplasia, renal hypoplasia, and rarely renal cysts.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1983

Antegrade pyelography in ureteric duplications with obstructed upper segments.

Percutaneous puncture under fluoroscopic control followed by antegrade pyelography was employed in three children, two of them neonates, suspected of having complete duplication of the ureter with obstructed upper segments on the basis of the excretory pyelographic and ultrasonographic findings. This simple, uncomplicated and definitive method confirmed the diagnosis and demonstrated the course, termination and effects of the dilated ectopic ureter.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1982

Hepatic benign vascular tumor in infancy: correlative imaging.

The use of multiple imaging modalities to diagnose hepatic hemangioendothelioma in a neonate is demonstrated. This approach avoided operative intervention to establish the diagnosis. Tc-99m sulfur colloid and Tc-99m PIPIDA scintigraphy was used to define the nature of sonographic hypoechoic structures in the liver, and angiography was employed to confirm the suspected diagnosis.

Hemangioendothelioma↗
PubMed1981

Primary lever masses in infants.

Sixteen primary liver masses in infants less than 2 years of age collected from four centers over 12 years included six hepatoblastomas, five benign vascular tumors, three amebic abscesses, a simple hepatic cyst and a calcified cystic hematoma. The diagnostic features of the various lesions are reviewed and the efficient use of the different imaging modalities is discussed. Modern ultrasound techniques offer a diagnostic short-cut in the investigation of primary liver masses in infants and should be done early.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1981

Tumors of the pubis: an analysis by probabilities.

Three patients with a tumor of the pubis are presented (an aneurysmal bone cyst, a Ewing's tumor and a mesenchymal chondrosarcoma). The concept of a probability index is described and the three pubic tumors are used to demonstrate its role in the radiologic evaluation of bone tumors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita. A cause of lethal neonatal dwarfism.

Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita is a form of primary short dwarfism, that is manifest at birth generally has not been regarded as a cause of lethal neonatal dwarfism. Seven neonates with severe dwarfism are presented. The first survived the newborn period, but the other six were early neonatal deaths. All displayed the clinical and radiologic features of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita. The striking similarities between spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita and achondrogenesis type 2 are discussed.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1979

Percutaneous puncture of abdominal cystic masses in children.

A technique of percutaneous puncture and opacification of cystic abdominal masses is outlined, and its diagnostic and therapeutic potential demonstrated in a series of 16 masses in 15 children. It is suggested as an alternative to ultrasound and computed tomography in certain situations.

Child↗
PubMed1978

Mental retardation and osteosclerosis.

We report a girl with profound mental retardation who, at 3 years of age, began to show a progressive osteosclerosis on bone roentgenograms. The bony changes were slightly suggestive of osteopetrosis from which they differed by a number of unusual features.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Skeletal diseases associated with angiomatosis.

Basically, there are two conditions in which angiomatosis is associated with underlying skeletal disease. The first is Maffucci's syndrome in which angiomatosis is associated with multiple enchondromatosis. Two patients with this disease are presented and its clinical and radiologic features are reviewed. The second is "congenital angiectatic hypertrophy" in which angiomatosis is associated with localized hypertrophy of underlying bones, soft tissues and occasionally internal vercera. Four patients with this condition are presented, illustrating the subtypes of closely related diseases within a broad spectrum.

Angiomatosis↗
PubMed1977

Pseudosequestration.

Three children with radiologic findings consistent with right-sided pulmonary sequestration were found at surgery to have a defect in the right hemidiaphragm which permitted a portion of normal liver to herniate into the chest and was associated with an anomalous systemic circulation to the right lower lobe. We refer to this abnormality as "pseudosequestration" and feel it is related to true pulmonary sequestration within the sequestration spectrum.

Blood Vessels↗
PubMed1975

The hypertelorism-hypospadias syndrome.

Recently, an association between telecanthus and/or hypertelorism and hypospadias has been reported in several families. We describe six more families in whom we have found this association. Seven of the eight affected individuals were males. The other was a girl with hypertelorism and a minor urethral abnormality. The mothers in all six families had hypertelorism and/or telecanthus. Mental retardation and cleft palate were also common in our families and those reported previously. The radiologic findings in our first family, which was reported elsewhere as the "branchio-skeletal-genital syndrome," are considered in detail and include skull abnormalities, maxillary hypoplasia, dentigerous cysts and vertebral abnormalities.

Adolescent↗