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Biomedical subjects

R I Hansen

Publications and source records attributed to R I Hansen.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

A urodynamic study of cauda equina syndrome due to lumbar disc herniation.

Among 1,972 patients operated upon because of lumbar disc herniation in a 7-year period (1971-1978), cauda equina syndrome was diagnosed in 26 patients. 22 patients had follow-ups 4-72 months postoperatively (average 37 months). At follow-up half of the patients had histories of normal micturition and only 6 patients made serious micturition complaints. One third were free from lumbar or sciatic pain, two thirds complained of distressing pain and neurological symptoms. The urodynamic investigation revealed complete bladder emptying in all but 1 patient. In half of the patients normal detrusor contraction was demonstrated, while one third of the patients voided by straining only. Preoperative micturition symptoms exceeded 2 days in almost all patients voiding by straining. This finding indicates a connection between early diagnosis and treatment, and the degree of detrusor damage.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

Bladder explosion during uninterrupted transurethral resection of the prostate. A case report and an experimental model.

A bladder explosion during transurethral resection with intraperitoneal rupture of the bladder is reported. Immediate operative repair was successful and the final result satisfactory. Gas formed during in vitro and in vivo prostatic resections was analysed by means of an oxygen electrode and gascromatographs. Hydrogen was dominant but oxygen and several explosive hydrocarbons were demonstrated. The gas formed in vitro was highly explosive. Oxygen content in gas formed in vivo was considerably lower. Admixture of atmospheric air during transurethral resection increases the risk of explosion and should be avoided and the air pocket in the bladder be kept at an absolute minimum.

Explosions↗
PubMed1978

Intravesical pressure during transurethral resection using Iglesias resectoscope with continuous irrigation and suction.

Intravesical pressure was studied in 20 patients during transurethral resection (TUR) of the prostate using the Iglesias resectoscope with continuous irrigation and suction. The suction pressure (50 cm H20) was considerably lower than that suggested by Iglesias. The amount of irrigant was thereby appreciably diminished and blocking of the outlet system was avoided. The intravesical pressure averaged 35 cm H20 during resection, which is less than in conventional resection, and 15 cm during evacuation of tissue chips. Signs of TUR syndrome were not seen. We consider the new resectoscope to be a considerable improvement for TUR.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

The association of retinitis pigmentosa with preretinal macular gliosis.

A retrospective study of the histopathological features of retinitis pigmentosa was undertaken. A consistent finding in 10 out of 10 eyes from 6 patients with retinitis pigmentosa was the presence of a preretinal membrane. The frequency of this finding has not been noted previously. Preretinal gliosis may well be responsible for the production of the abnormal glinting fundus reflex seen at the posterior pole in retinitis pigmentosa.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Urethral pressure profile in prostatic surgery.

Urethral pressure profile measurements were performed in 45 men suffering from micturation disturbances with the aim of evaluating the diagnostic aid of the procedure as compared to conventional urodynamic evaluation. The urethral pressure profile seems to be of value in visualizing the diseases of the prostate and the bladder neck, but it is of no definite aid except for postprostatectomy incontinence.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

Dynamics of upper urinary tract. I. An electrophysiologic in vivo study of renal pelvis in pigs: method and normal pattern.

Under halothane anesthesia, peroperative electromyography of the pelvis and ureter together with intrapelvic pressure and urine flow were recorded in 11 pigs; the electromyography was by bipolar extracellular leads. Pressure waves of low amplitude, synchronous with action potentials from leads placed most proximally in the pelvis, preceded action potentials registered by distally placed leads. Transmission of the action potentials from the pelvis to the ureter took place with a constant transmission velocity but the transmission ratio varied from 1:1 to 6:1. Ureteral electric activity was time-related to the urine bolus. The transmission velocity was smaller in the pelvis than in the ureter and seemed to accelerate caudally. Thus, there is electromyographic evidence that the renal pelvis controls ureteric activity and that this pacemaker function is mediated high up, most proximally, in the renal pelvis.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1977

Dynamics of upper urinary tract. II. An electrophysiologic in vivo study of renal pelvis in pigs: analysis of the modality of pelvic activity during normal hydration and diuresis.

Renal pelvic function of Danish Landrace pigs under anesthesia was analyzed during "normal" and forced diuresis. Measurements were made of intrapelvic pressures, electromyogram recordings were taken from the pelvis and ureter, and bolus formation was followed. During constant diuresis, pelvic activity displayed a dominant frequency which varied between individuals. When pressure rose or fell, pelvic activity increased or decreased in proportion to the speed rather than the extent of the pressure change. Thus, after furosemide administration urine flow increased and pelvic pressure rose; and in association with the pressure rise, pelvic activity increased significantly when mean pelvic activity in the phase of steep pressure rise was compared with the mean activity over the last 5 min of the observation period before induction of diuresis. Thereafter, pelvic activity decreased despite maintenance of a higher pressure plateau than that in the initial low diuresis observation period. This mode of function can be explained by reference to the characteristics of smooth muscle. Postulation of a specific pacemaker is unnecessary.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Hydrostatic pressure treatment for carcinoma of the bladder. A clinical and urodynamic evaluation of the effect on bladder hemorrhage and fibrosis in irradiated patients.

Hydrostatic pressure treatment as described by Helmstein was given to 12 patients with hematuria secondary at irradiation for carcinoma of the bladder. The bladder function was evaluated on the basis of urodynamic examinations before and after the treatment. The study includes examination of the effect on the renal function. In 6 patients, hemostasis was obtained for a period averaging 10 months. No serious complications occurred. Following irradiation, the patients showed a characteristic micturition pattern with a small bladder capacity and a marked increase in pressure during the filling phase. The micturition took place partly by use of the abdominal musculature; the detrusor pressure was falling during the whole voiding time. The voiding was almost complete, and the flow values were slightly reduced. The hydrostatic pressure treatment resulted in no demonstrable changes in this micturition pattern. Evaluated from the creatinine clearance, the renal function was unchanged after the treatment, and neither polyuria nor an increased excretion of sodium was demonstrated during the first hours after the treatment. We conclude that before major surgery is decided on, hydrostatic pressure treatment should be given to patients with hemorrhage following irradiation for carcinoma of the bladder. No improvement can be expected in patients where the often pronounced pollakiuria is due to fibrosis of the bladder secondary to irradiation.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Incomplete ureteral duplication. Electromyographic and manometric investigation.

Studies were made peroperatively in a patient with incomplete ureteral duplication. Bipolar extracellular EMG-leads were taken from both pelvices, both ureteral segments and from the common ureter. Simultaneously pressure measurements were made in the pelvices. Function of the two pelvi-ureteral units were shown to be autonomous. Simultaneous action potentials and pressure waves were observed in each pelvis. Not every pelvic impulse was transmitted to the corresponding ureter, but when transmission did occur, the conduction rate was constant. Impulses from both ureteral branches were conducted distally to the common ureteral trunk, but impulses from the dilated segment had not the same quality (amplitude) as those from the non-dilated segment. Antiperistalsis was not observed. There was a measurable pressure difference between the two segments.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1975

Urethral pressure profile in prostatic surgery.

The urethral pressure profile was registered in 30 patients with benign hypertrophy of the prostate. In 6 patients the pressure profile measurement was repeated following prostatectomy and in 5 patients following transurethral resection of the prostate. Four patients with incontinence following prostatic surgery were also examined. Characteristic and reproducible profile patterns are demonstrated.

Humans↗