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Biomedical subjects

R I Gabuniia

Publications and source records attributed to R I Gabuniia.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[The practical use of the determination of relative 32P accumulation in the tumor in breast cancer].

The level of relative accumulation of a 32P radionuclide was measured in 180 tumor samples obtained from 148 patients with stage I--IV breast cancer. Mean initial relative accumulation level (IRAL) was 1477 +/- 174% whereas that following effective conservative treatment (posttreatment) (PRAL)--486 +/- 81% (P < 0.01). The prognostic value of IRAL was established: in a group of stage III breast cancer, those with a high IRAL survived 2 years with no evidence of disease in 55.1 +/- 12.1% whereas those with a low IRAL--in 94.1 +/- 5.7% (P < 0.02). In patients undergoing conservative treatment, low PRAL proved predictive of complete response while high PRAL--of tumor progression. In patients with stage III breast cancer who had responded to preoperative treatment and had had a low PRAL, two-year locoregional recurrence rate was only 13% as compared to 68% in a similar group of patients with high PRAL (P < 0.02).

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1991

[Radioimmunologic analysis in the differential diagnosis of cancer of the thyroid gland].

Investigations using a radioimmunoassay in 92 patients with nodular goiter, thyroid adenoma and cancer have shown that changes in the levels of T4, T3 and TSH cannot be used in differential diagnosis of tumors. A high level of thyroglobulin (TG) in 70-75% of patients in the absence of antibodies to it and the presence of a "cold node" on a scan is suggestive of differentiated types of thyroid cancer. In these cases TG can serve as a tumor marker. A moderate level of Tg in 25-30% of cases against a background of a high level of antibodies to it does not permit its use as a tumor marker in such patients even in the postoperative period. High levels of TG and TSH despite the use of thyroid drugs in patients, operated on for differentiated types of thyroid cancer, may be suggestive of a possible manifestation of a recurrence or metastatic spreading.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[Thermography with glucose loading in the examination of women at high risk of developing breast cancer].

Thermography of the breast with pharmacological GTT was performed in 260 women; cancer was diagnosed in 150 of them, benign breast diseases in 110. A significant increase in temperature asymmetry after GTT was shown in breast cancer patients as compared to patients with benign diseases. Data on the sensitivity of the mammographic and thermographic methods to identify risk groups were presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Scintigraphic evaluation of the efficacy of treatment of cancer of the breast with bone metastases].

A scintigraphic picture was observed in 51 patients suffering from breast cancer with metastatic involvement of the skeleton (polychemotherapy + radiotherapy of pelvic bones and lumbar spine + hormonotherapy) to determine the role of scintigraphy in the assessment of therapeutic effectiveness. According to scintigraphic signs of changes in RP accumulation in metastases the following groups were singled out: a complete effect, a partial effect, stabilization, progression of disease. The mean interval from the onset of therapy up to the appearance of scintigraphic signs of a therapeutic effect was 8.6 mos. A high degree of correlation between scintigraphic signs of a therapeutic effect and the time course of the pain syndrome in the skeletal bones was shown.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

[A complex of mathematical models in the radionuclide diagnosis of the status of the urinary system].

Various mathematical models describing the process of transport of nephrotropic radiopharmaceutic drugs in the body of patients are used at present on a wide scale in processing the results of radionuclide studies of the urinary system functional status. The authors propose to give an objective quantitative assessment on the basis of a complex consisting of 3 mathematical models.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

[Combination radiodiagnosis of the functional state of the urinary tract in cancer of the kidney].

The results of combined radiodiagnosis of the urinary system in patients with renal tumors before and after nephrectomy were analyzed. Investigations included excretory urography and renography with the processing of the results of measurements by a common algorithm and on the basis of 3 mathematical models of RP body transport. The results were correlated with the findings of biochemical blood and urine tests and pathoanatomical investigation of the removed kidney. Ample potentialities of renography for the detection of latent renal insufficiency in the preoperative period and for accurate and exhaustive assessment of function of the urinary system were shown.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

[Immunoscintigraphy of cancer of the ovaries and colon using labeled monoclonal antibodies].

Immunoscintigraphy with labeled monoclonal antibodies for investigation of patients with ovarian and colon adenocarcinoma is a highly informative method which can be used for immunovisualization of primary tumor foci, their recurrences and metastases. A possibility to estimate specific tumor tissue activity was shown to be the advantage of immunoscintigraphy as compared to other special topical methods of investigation. High blood concentrations of tumor antigens did not deteriorate significantly the quality of visualization of tumor foci using labeled monoclonal antibodies.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Radionuclide study of fat absorption in the small intestine].

Analysis of the use of a simple and effective method for the assessment of intestinal fat absorption with the help of external radiometry of the abdominal area using a gamma-radiation collimated detector and whole body radiometry has shown that a coefficient of intestinal fat absorption in patients in the preoperative period does not demonstrate a statistically significant difference from the respective normal one, and gastrectomy with placing esophago-cecal anastomosis disabling the duodenum, leads to considerable deterioration of fat absorptive function.

Dietary Fats↗
PubMed1989

[Scintigraphy of the mediastinum using 67Ga citrate in lymphogranulomatosis in children].

Scintigraphic semiotics of the involvement of the intrathoracic lymph nodes in children with Hodgkin's disease permitted differentiated assessment of the state of each group of the mediastinal lymph nodes and root of the lung over time. Knowledge of the characteristic features of 67Ga-citrate scintigraphic distribution with relation to the mediastinum after therapeutic measures makes it possible to exclude false positive results and to define the correct time for monitoring.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Emission computed tomography in the diagnosis of lung diseases].

Investigations of pulmonary perfusion with 99m Tc-MMA by the method of emission computed tomography (ECT) were conducted in 172 patients with different pulmonary diseases. The authors described ECT procedure of the lungs and scinti-tomographic symptomatology typical of the normal lungs and different types of pulmonary pathology (lung cancer, benign tumors, metastases and chronic inflammatory pulmonary processes). A high sensitivity of ECT as compared to poly-positional scintigraphy was shown. The obtained results suggested that ECT permitted more specified and earlier diagnosis of pulmonary perfusion disorders which was of great importance in the diagnosis of different pulmonary diseases as well as in the assessment of therapeutic efficacy.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Immuno-scanning of human colon cancer xenografts using a labeled monoclonal antibody to the carcinoembryonic antigen].

The results of experiments using 131I-labelled monoclonal antibody (131I-MoAb) were described. The experiments were staged on nude male mice with transplanted human colon adenocarcinoma of the 34th generation (RTK-12). Tumor sizes by the time of 131I-MoAb administration varied from 1 to 3 cm. 131I-MoAb specific radioactivity was 456.6 kBq/micrograms in the volume of 0.3 ml. The same amount of 131I-Na was administered to control animals. Scanning on the Scintimat-2F (Siemens) was performed 1, 2, 3 and 4 days after injection of 131I-MoAb. Three days before scanning 0.2% KI was added to the drinking water. Some animals were decapitated on the 2nd-3rd day for radiometry of organs and tissues. After the injection of 131I-MoAb 10-fold less than the CEA serum concentration and with specific radioactivity of 370-444 kBq its tumor accumulation in 48 h was 10-15-fold higher than that in the surrounding tissues resulting in better tumor scans. Intensive dehalogenation of 131I-MoAb in vivo and related 131I accumulation in the thyroid and adrenal glands (in the medullary layer) required the administration of stable iodine not only before but also after injection of the radioactive agent.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

[Complex preoperative diagnosis of the dissemination of stomach cancer to abdominal and retroperitoneal organs and tissues].

An analysis of 136 cases of stomach cancer led to the determination of the role and place of gamma-topography, echography, computerized x-ray tomography, angiography and laparoscopy in specified preoperative diagnosis of extra-organ spreading of primary tumors. The informative value and shortcomings of certain methods were shown. A high accuracy of the entire set of diagnostic procedures (94.8%) in the preoperative definition of stomach cancer involvement of the abdominal and retroperitoneal organs and tissues was emphasized.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

[Radionuclide determination of the extent of the tumor process in patients with esophageal cancer].

Scintigraphy with 67Ga-citrate and 111In-bleomycin was conducted in 32 esophageal cancer patients, 4 patients with benign esophageal tumors and in 3 patients with scarry-ulcerous esophagitis. A raised accumulation of the radiopharmaceutical (RP) in the esophagus, in 4 cases in the retroperitoneal paraaortic lymph nodes in which a metastatic image was confirmed at computed tomography and diagnostic laparotomy, was observed in all cancer patients. No regularities in the intensity of the accumulation of both radiopharmaceuticals in the esophageal tumor with relation to its histological structure were detected. The advantage of the above radiopharmaceuticals is a possibility to use them for the detection of tumor dissemination and distant metastases in esophageal cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Computerized emission tomography in the diagnosis of brain tumors].

Computerized emission tomography of the brain is an atraumatic and highly informative technique for diagnosis of metastatic brain tumours. The above method is of major practical significance as a primary test in diagnosing metastases in the brain in cases of clinical neurological symptom complex.

Brain↗