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Biomedical subjects

R Hinchcliffe

Publications and source records attributed to R Hinchcliffe.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Matched and self-reported loudness of tinnitus: methods and sources of error.

A consecutive series of 62 patients who reported tinnitus at the time of their first attendance at a neuro-otology clinic were studied. Loudness matches were obtained both at the frequency of the tinnitus and at 1 kHz. These matches were expressed in dB HL, dB SL and in units derived from individualised loudness functions (personal loudness units; PLUs). Self-reports of the loudness of tinnitus at the time of loudness matching were obtained on five different scales. Moderate correlations were found between self-reported loudness and some of the scales by which the loudness match was expressed. When subjects who had some difficulty with the test procedures were excluded, the correlations between PLU expressions of the matched loudness and certain of the self-report scales were found to be markedly improved. Correlations of traditional expressions of matched loudness with self-report improved to a limited extent. It was concluded that: measurement error can appreciably reduce the maximum correlation between the best self-report measure and loudness match measures; PLU conversions of matched loudness data produce the highest correlations with self-report measures of loudness, and explicitly labelled self-report scales (Guttman and adjectival) produce better correlations with loudness match values than other self-report scales.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

A factor analytical study of tinnitus complaint behaviour.

Two separate factor analyses were conducted on various self-rated complaints about tinnitus and related neuro-otological symptoms, together with audiometric measurements of tinnitus 'intensity' (masking level and loudness matching levels). Two general tinnitus complaint factors were identified, i.e. 'intrusiveness of tinnitus' and 'distress due to tinnitus'. 3 specific tinnitus complaint factors were also found, i.e. 'sleep disturbance', 'medication use' and 'interference with passive auditory entertainments'. Other neuro-otological symptoms and the audiometric measures did not load on these factors. An exception was provided by loudness matches at 1 kHz, which had a small loading on the 'intrusiveness of tinnitus' factor. Self-rated loudness had a high loading on this factor. Otherwise, the loudness (either self-rated or determined by loudness matching) was unrelated to complaint dimensions. The clinical implications of the multifactorial nature of tinnitus complaint behaviour are considered.

Affective Symptoms↗
PubMed1982

Tympanic membrane perforation descriptors and hearing levels in otitis media.

The air conduction threshold of hearing was determined at 0.5,1 and 2 kHz by manual audiometry on a consecutive series of young Thai adults with bilateral chronic suppurative otitis media. At the same time, after visual inspection of each tympanic membrane, the perforation was drawn, as faithfully as possible in respect of both shape and relative size, on a 40-mm diagram of a tympanic membrane. A study of the shapes of perforations showed that they could be described as elliptical, reniform or cardioid. For the purposes of calculating the area of a perforation, a reniform perforation was considered to be the result of substracting a smaller ellipse from a larger ellipse, which ellipses were in contact at the point of least curvature. The hearing threshold level was found to be a function of the size of the perforation. A power function best described this relationship. The relationship was such that a total perforation would be associated with a hearing loss of about 60 dB HL over the frequency range 0.5-2 kHz.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Immunological disorders and auditory lesions.

The mechanisms by which auto-immune diseases may result in hearing disorders are reviewed. This is followed by a more detailed consideration of specific autoimmune disorders generally associated with auditory dysfunction. Four pilot studies examining the relationship between auto-immune disorders and hearing loss are briefly presented.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed1981

Audiometric zero for air conduction. A verification and critique of international standards.

The international standard of audiometric zero for normal hearing by air conduction was originally given only for laboratory reference earphones. Subsequently, it has been extended to cover earphones in general audiometric use, and in other ways. A new determination is described in which these derived standards are tested by comparison with the measured thresholds of hearing of 108 subjects in the age range 18-30 years. Particular attention is paid to the otological classification of the subjects and its relation to the description of otological normality in the ISO standards. Suggestions for adjustment of the standards at certain frequencies are made.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Absolute and relative caloric responses.

The statistical features of absolute-based and percentage-based post-caloric EOG response measures were investigated on ten normal and twenty pathological cases. Criteria for the best EOG response measure are introduced. It is concluded that, using the method adopted in this study, the mean interbeat interval can be regarded as the measure of choice for quantifying the post-caloric EOG response.

Caloric Tests↗
PubMed1979

Implementing a computer-based electro-oculographic analysis system.

Electro-oculographic recordings of caloric-induced nystagmus were conducted in a number of normal and disordered subjects. On the basis of the results, implementation of a clinical measuring system is considered; this is based on the interbeat interval, selected in view of its favourable sensitivity and stability. Two stages of processing are involved; first, the determination of the interbeat intervals, second the analysis. The first stage has been implemented off-line on a general purpose computer and also, in on-line mode, by special purpose electronics. The second stage requires computer analysis. We have used the rank magnitude sequences of interbeat intervals as the basis of the analysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Caloric test with oculogyral illusion as response.

It has been demonstrated that the caloric test can be simplified further by making use of the oculogyral illusion. Since the test is conducted under conditions of optic fixation, this method probably also enhances the sensitivity of the caloric test. The reproducibility of the tests also appears high, at least in respect of measures of "canal paresis". When used in conjunction with other tests for detecting vestibular imbalance, e.g. examination for spontaneous and provocation nystagmus using Frenzel glasses, this OGI caloric test should provide a convenient procedure for the clinical examination of vestibular function.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

A virological and epidemiological study of patients with acute hearing loss.

Virological and epidemiological data were examined in thirty-nine patients with acute hearing loss. The hearing loss was unilateral in thirty-one patients and bilateral in eight. There was a history of upper-respiratory-tract infection before onset of deafness in ten of the patients. Cases were more common in the autumn, with nineteen of the cases occurring in the 3 months from September to November. About half of the patients were 20-40 years old and half 46-73 years old; only one patient was aged less than 20 years. Antibodies to several common viruses were titrated, and there was evidence of recent infection by mumps virus in one case and by Mycoplasma pneumoniae in another. Although no evidence of recent virus infection was found in the remaining patients, it is suggested that the condition may be viral in origin and that further studies should be undertaken.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Gnathostomiasis. A case of otological interest.

A young Thai man was afflicted with neurognathostomiasis. The symptomatology was distinct from that of eosinophillic myeloencephalitis. In view of its neurootological flavor, it is proposed that this newly described symptomatology of neurognathostomiasis should be referred to as the neurootological gnathostomiatic syndrome(NOGS).

Adult↗