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Biomedical subjects

R Herrmann

Publications and source records attributed to R Herrmann.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Cytogenetic studies in primary amenorrhoea].

Thirty-nine patients with primary amenorrhoea were examined, with twelve of them exhibiting chromosomal aberrations. The classical chromosomal pattern of Turner's syndrome with 45,XO was exhibited by seven patients, while mosaicism was displayed in the karyogram of three. A typical iso-X-chromosome was established from a young girl without Turner's stigmata. Genuine gonadal dysgenesis without any chromosomal abnormality was recorded from four cases by means of ovarian biopsy through laparoscopy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

The influence of histologic type on survival in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Histologic groups in 231 cases of malignant lymphoma were correlated with survival data at 100 months from the time of initiation of the study. Patients in the first two decades of life fared comparably with adults, but those over 60 years of age showed a poorer survival trend. Seven favorable and four unfavorable histopathologic groups were found with collective median survivals of 83 and 16 months, respectively (P less than 0.001). The favorable group included three follicular classes (cleaved, mixed, and large noncleaved) and four diffuse classes (small lymphocytic, cleaved, Burkitt non-cleaved, and convoluted lymphocytic). The unfavorable group consisted of four diffuse classes (plasmacytoid lymphocytic, mixed, and small and large non-cleaved). The group of 88 patients with follicular lymphoma had significantly longer overall survival than the group of 143 patients with diffuse lymphomas. No significant differences in survival were noted within three grades of follicular involvement. The favorable and unfavorable diffuse lymphomas had collective median survivals of 82 and 16 months, respectively (P = 0.01). Significant survival differences due to pattern of nodal involvement (P = 0.01) were found in patients with mixed and large non-cleaved cell lymphomas, but not in those with cleaved cell lymphomas. The group with large cleaved cells had significantly longer survival than those with large non-cleaved cells. Patients with mixed and large non-cleaved cell lymphomas of the same nodal pattern had similar survival data.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Comparison of ftorafur with 5-fluorouracil in combination chemotherapy of advanced gastrointestinal carcinoma.

The aim of the study was to compare the combination 5-FU-carmustine with ftorafur-carmustine in the treatment of advanced gastrointestinal cancer. To this end, a prospective, multicenter, randomized trial was initiated. Part I of this trial showed that similar response rates can be obtained with 5-FU-carmustine and ftorafur-carmustine in 109 patients (32.7% versus 26.3%). However, median survival was better in patients treated with 5-FU-carmustine (307 days versus 163 days). Part II of the trial revealed that neither a higher dosage of ftorafur (2 g/m2/day X 5 days) nor the addition of vincristine to both regimens changed the previously obtained results significantly. Again, median survival was found to be better in patients treated with 5-FU combination chemotherapy (304 days versus 144 days). Both the 5-FU and the ftorafur combination were tolerated reasonably well. The results suggest that combination chemotherapy including 5-FU is superior to ftorafur at the applied dosages in terms of survival.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Assembly of bacteriophage T4 tail fibers: identification and characterization of the nonstructural protein gp57.

Formation of both the tail fiber and the baseplate of bacteriophage T4 depends on the product of T4 gene 57. A single amber mutation in that gene causes loss of two T4-specific proteins. Their molecular weights are 18,000 and about 6,000, respectively, based on their electrophoretic mobilities in SDS-polyacrylamide gels. E. coli carrying a cloned T4 DNA fragment of about 700 basepairs, which directs the synthesis of the smaller protein only, specifically supports the growth of gene 57 amber mutants. We conclude that the small protein is a functional product of gene 57.

Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel↗
PubMed1981

Renal prostaglandins and water balance: studies in normal volunteer subjects and in patients with central diabetes insipidus.

1. In six healthy volunteer subjects polydipsic water loading significantly increased urine volume from 1203 +/- 242 (SEM) to 5072 +/- 320 ml/24 h (P less than 0.001) with a significant decrease in urinary osmolality. This increase in urine volume by more than fourfold was associated with a slight increase in urinary excretion of prostaglandin E2 from 466 +/- 66 to 1017 +/- 174 pmol/24 h (P = 0.05). 2. In five patients with central diabetes insipidus mean urine volume of 10 838 +/- 107 ml/24 h was reduced to 1205 +/- 204 ml/24 h (P less than 0.001) by treatment with 1-desamino-8-arginine vasopressin (desamino-[Arg8]vasopressin; 15 microgram/day) with a significant rise in urinary osmolality. Desamino-[Arg8]vasopressin treatment was associated with a significant increase of suppressed urinary excretion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in four of these patients from 246 +/- 66 to 2643 +/- 677 pmol/24 h (P less than 0.01). 3. Concomitant treatment with indomethacin in addition to desamino-[Arg8]vasopressin significantly suppressed urinary excretion of PGE2 and significantly increased urinary osmolality as compared with treatment with desamino-[Arg8]vasopressin alone. 4. Desamino-[Arg8]vasopressin significantly increased urinary excretion of adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP). However, there was no further change in urinary excretion of cyclic AMP during concomitant indomethacin treatment. 5. The results suggest that urine flow itself is not an important determinant of urinary PGE2 excretion. In patients with central diabetes insipidus the urinary concentrating response to desamino-[Arg8]vasopressin is enhanced during inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis without changes in urinary excretion of cyclic AMP.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Compositional heterogeneity of the chloroplast DNAs from Euglena gracilis and Spinacia oleracea.

The chloroplast genomes of Euglena gracilis and Spinacia oleracea were investigated in their compositional heterogeneity, by using different experimental approaches. Euglena chloroplast DNA has a dG + dC content of 28%. Preparations averaging 20 x 10(6) in molecular weight exhibit a gross heterogeneity in their elution profiles from hydroxyapatite and in their buoyant densities because the rRNA genes have a high rG + rC content. Finer analysis by melting, buoyant density of restriction fragments and micrococcal nuclease degradation have revealed an extended compositional heterogeneity. From micrococcal nuclease digestion data, approximately 30% of the chloroplast genome is as low as 12% in its dG + dC content, whereas 10% is higher than 60% dG + dC. Since the average dG + dC content of large restriction endonuclease fragments varied to a lesser extent, most of dA + dT-rich sequences must occur in short stretches interspersed with dG + dC-rich stretches. Spinach chloroplast DNA (dG + dC = 36.5%) did not exhibit any gross compositional heterogeneity in its hydroxyapatite elution or in its buoyant density profile. But the higher resolution methods of melting, bouyant densities of restriction fragments and micrococcal nuclease degradation revealed a high degree of heterogeneity which appears to be due to interspersion of short DNA stretches of different base composition. About 30% of genome is as low as 22% in dG + dC, while 10% is higher than 60% in dG + dC.

Base Composition↗
PubMed1980

Malignant lymphoma of pre-T-cell type terminating in acute myelocytic leukemia. A case report with enzymic and immunologic marker studies.

We report a case of a T-zone malignant lymphoma of a cervical lymph node developing in a 25-year-old man. Only 14% of the marrow was originally involved, but within two months massive, leukemic dissemination ensued. The blast cells were unable to bind sheep erythrocytes (E) but expressed human thymus leukemia antigen (HTLA) and common ALL-stem-cell (cALL) antigen and had high terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) and acid phosphatase activity. These findings suggest a malignant lymphoproliferative disorder of pre-T-cell type. Complete remission was achieved with intensive chemotherapy. Two months later, acute myelomonocytic leukemia was diagnosed; at this time, over 90% of the blast cells were peroxidase, sudan black, and chloracetate-esterase positive. Consistent with loss of high TdT activity and HTLA and cALL antigens, 86% of the blasts now expressed Ia-like antigens. Cytogenetic studies demonstrated hyperdiploidy. Reports of granulocytic leukemia in lymphoma are reviewed in the context of the above findings and the hypothesis that a leukemogenic factor affects a multipotential stem cell.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1980

Gastrointestinal involvement in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

A total of 813 patients admitted to Roswell Park Memorial Institute from 1963--1972 with non Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) were reviewed for gastrointestinal (GI) involvement. Primary involvement was found in 71 and secondary involvement in 31 patients. Occult GI involvement was detected in 46% of the autopsy cases. The median survival time after the diagnosis of secondary GI involvement was nine months. The occurrence of primary GI-NHL was: 33 in the stomach, 18 in the small intestine, 14 in the ileocecal area including appendix, and 6 in the large intestine. Retrospective staging according to the Ann Arbor staging classification showed 24 to have presented as Stage I, 30 as Stage II, 4 as Stage III, and 13 as Stage IV. The primary diagnostic and therapeutic approach was operative, except in 2 patients with rectal lymphoma. Resection of the principally involved site was carried out in 42 patients. The remainder had palliative procedures or biopsy examinations only. Postoperative radiation therapy was given to 38 patients. Prognostically important features for primary GI-NHL were: stage; histologic type; site of the primary disease; and whether or not radiotherapy was administered. The age of the patient, size or degree of local extension, and type of operative procedure were prognostically of no importance. The results of this study would indicate that in Stage I and II primary GI-NHL, elective resection is not necessary prior to radiation therapy and that resection alone cannot be considered adequate treatment. A modified staging classification is proposed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Radiotherapy of primary, locally circumscribed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the stomach (author's transl)].

Different methods of treatment were compared in 24 patients with primary, locally circumscribed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the stomach. Prognosis was significantly better (P less than 0.01) for patients who had received radiotherapy as part of their primary treatment, than those who had received only surgical treatment. Two of ten patients whose tumour had been resected and who had received postoperative radiotherapy had a recurrence after 5 and 14 years, respectively, and four patients who had received radiotherapy alone for a non-resectable tumour are free of recurrence. On the other hand, a recurrence occurred in six of ten patients treated by surgery alone. The results indicate that radiotherapy is the most important method in the primary treatment of locally circumscribed gastric lymphoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Conversion of bacteriophage fd into an efficient single-stranded DNA vector system.

Single-stranded DNA vectors were constructed in vitro by insertion of various DNA fragments into the Intergenic Region of the single-stranded DNA phage fd. These inserts introduce into the phage genome unique cleavage sites for restriction nucleases which are suited for sticky joining in cloning experiments. Since these sites are usually located within genes coding for antibiotic resistance, inactivation of a resistance gene by insertion can be used as a marker for the successful cloning of a DNA fragment. Resistance genes also allow to select for recombinant DNA phages and to minimize the loss of DNA inserts which otherwise becomes significant above an insert size of about one kb. Cloning of several DNA fragments is described and strand separation of double-stranded DNA fragments by means of cloning into fd DNA is given as an example for application of single-stranded DNA vectors.

Bacteriophages↗
PubMed1980

Detection of type D retrovirus in a human amnion cell line (FL).

This paper describes the detection of viral particles in a human amnion cell line (FL). These particles belong to the group of type D retroviruses, because of their characteristic morphology, their major antigenic determinants, and the presence of particle-associated Mg++-preferring RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. In addition to budding and mature type D virus particles, intracytoplasmic type A structures have also been found. Immunological analysis provided evidence of cross-reactivity between the particles described and the Mason-Pfizer monkey virus as well as type D retroviruses from other human cell lines (PMF, HEp-2). Particles isolated from FL cell medium were shown to infect type D virus-susceptible human TU 197 cells.

Amnion↗