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Biomedical subjects

R Hermann

Publications and source records attributed to R Hermann.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Urine testing with a test strip: criteria for the exclusion of normal specimens from the microscopic sediment study].

A test tape for detection of urinary leukocytes was examined in respect of its applicability for identification of normal urine samples. 198 urine samples of ambulatory nephrological patients were tested and the results compared with the microscopic evaluation of the sediment. Sensitivity of the tape was 96.7%, specificity 86.3% and the false negative rate 0.5%. The combination of positive tape readings for leukocytes, blood and protein eliminates false results completely. In the present study, 35.4% of the urine samples were graded as normal and could be excluded from the time-consuming microscopic sediment examination. Samples with positive tape readings for leukocytes require microscopic verification.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

Breast cancer: an overview.

Depending on one's viewpoint and appraisal of studies and statistics, breast cancer is viewed with optimism, pessimism, enthusiasm, or disappointment. Each opinion is substantiated by ample data that support differing views. This article will review some of the unresolved issues in the management of breast cancer, including etiology, diagnosis, and treatment. These issues are discussed at length in the articles that follow.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1983

The reconstitution of denatured phosphoglycerate mutase.

The reconstitution of the tetrameric enzyme yeast phosphoglycerate mutase after denaturation in guanidine hydrochloride has been studied. Denaturation is almost completely reversible at enzyme concentrations greater than 10 micrograms/ml. Cross-linking by glutaraldehyde has been used to monitor the reassociation of the subunits; the kinetics of this process has been analyzed in terms of a model involving an equilibrium between monomer and dimer followed by a bimolecular association of two dimers to give a tetramer. Reactivation is found to parallel the appearance of tetramer. Structural changes during reconstitution have been measured by circular dichroism and fluorescence. Both methods reveal complex kinetics indicating the rapid formation of structured monomers (half-time less than 10 s), followed by slow subunit association. For comparison, preliminary reconstitution experiments were performed on the dimeric phosphoglycerate mutase from rabbit muscle.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Effect of nitrofurylpropenylidene benzhydrazides against trichomonads, bacteria, yeasts and fungi with particular consideration of the results in the Ames test and host-mediated assay].

11 out of 13 N-[3-[5-nitrofuryl-(2)-propenylidene)]-benzhydrazides described by us showed an in vitro activity against T. vaginalis almost equivalent to or approaching that of the standard substances metronidazole and tinidazole. One compound was markedly more effective; two compounds exhibited much weaker activity than the two reference substances. In the model of the T. foetus infection of mice, only two compounds came close to the chemotherapeutic effect of tinidazole when administered orally. The other compounds were less effective. Metronidazole showed an activity 10 times weaker than that of tinidazole in this animal model. The in vitro efficacy of the most active substances a and d on T. foetus infection paralleled the bacteriostatic effect against different species of bacteria. In comparison, d was more effective than a against T. vaginalis, 2 Candida strains and M. tuberculosis. In the Ames test, 5 out of the 13 described N-[3-[5-nitrofuryl-(2)-propenylidene))]-benzhydrazides proved mutagenic in test strains TA 98 and TA 100; this was the case also in strain TA 1537 for the microbiologically most promising compound a. Because of liver damage observed in the test on toxicity, the substance was not taken up in clinical studies. It is interesting to note that these substances were not found to be mutagenic in the host-mediated assay. No signs of chromosome breaks were observed for substances a and n in the micronucleus test. The relevance of these findings was discussed. Statistical procedures were described for both the Ames test and the host-mediated assay.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Mixed beam radiotherapy and combination chemotherapy in localized pancreatic adenocarcinoma-preliminary results.

A pilot study of mixed beam radiotherapy (fast neutrons alternating with photons) followed by combination chemotherapy with SMF (streptozotocin, 5-fluorouracil, mitomycin C) in localized pancreatic cancer was performed. Thirteen patients were treated and a median survival of 10.0 months was noted (range 5-30+). Toxicity was mild to moderate. Further studies of sequential radiation and chemotherapy are indicated.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

The use of subunit hybridization to monitor the reassociation of porcine lactate dehydrogenase after acid dissociation.

Reassociation of tetrameric porcine heart and skeletal muscle lactate dehydrogenases has been previously studied by cross-linking with glutaraldehyde (Bernhardt, G. et al. (1981) Z. Naturforsch. 36c, 772-777; Hermann, R. et al. (1981) Biochemistry 20, 5195-5201). Based on these data, the following kinetic model was proposed for the reconstitution of both isoenzymes: (nontranscribable formula, see text). In the present study, the kinetics of reassociation were determined from the changes of the hybrid patterns obtained upon the mixing of equal amounts of reassociating heart and skeletal muscle lactate dehydrogenases. For a quantitative interpretation of the kinetic data, the dependence of hybrid formation on the conditions of reconstitution was taken into account. Approximately binomial hybrid formation was observed only in a very narrow range of experimental conditions: enzyme concentration greater than 2.7 micrograms/ml, subunit ratio 1:1, temperature range 20-30 degrees C. At a total subunit concentration of 3.4 micrograms/ml (approximately 0.1 micrometers), the reassociation data determined by hybridization were found to be consistent with the proposed kinetic model.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Analysis of the reconstitution of oligomeric enzymes by cross-linking with glutaraldehyde: kinetics of reassociation of lactic dehydrogenase.

Cross-linking with glutaraldehyde with subsequent NaDodSO4-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis has been introduced as a convenient method for studying the association of oligomeric proteins [Hermann, R., Rudolph, R., & Jaenicke, R. (1979) Nature (London) 277, 243-245]. In the present paper, an improved version of this approach was applied to the analysis of the complex association behavior of the tetrameric lactic dehydrogenase from pig muscle. Monomers, dimers (as intermediates of reconstitution), and tetramers could be quantitatively determined during reconstitution. The initial fast formation of dimers from monomers does not reach completion; a certain amount of monomers remains during the whole reconstitution process. Monomers and dimers disappear parallel to the formation of tetramers. The reassociation behavior of lactic dehydrogenase is described by a kinetic mechanism comprising a dissociation-association equilibrium of monomers and dimers [characterized by an equilibrium constant K = (3 +/- 1) X 10(8) L mol-1] followed by the rate-limiting association of dimers to tetramers [described by a second-order rate constant k = (3.15 +/- 0.15) X 19=0(4) L mol-1 s-1]. Tetramerization is found to strictly parallel reactivation.

Aldehydes↗
PubMed1981

Recurrent acute pancreatitis and intussusception complicating an intraluminal duodenal diverticulum.

A patient is presented who exhibited recurrent episodes of acute pancreatitis as well as intermittent intussusception. It is felt that both of these abnormalities are due to an intraluminal duodenal diverticulum. The developmental theories of the intraluminal duodenal diverticulum are discussed. Early recognition of intraluminal duodenal diverticulum is aided by the awareness of its existence and the characteristic appearance on upper gastrointestinal barium examination. Surgery is curative.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

Chronic ambulatory liver support by membrane plasmapheresis with on-line detoxification.

Blood cellular elements and plasma protein losses are minimal for membrane plasmapheresis with on-line sorbent detoxification. Frequent (6/sk), chronic (3 mos), and long-term (8 hr) perfusions are possible for patients studied. It is recommended in deficiency states involving low protein, hypocoagulability or potential hormonal imbalances that aggressive medical management be applied. With regard to system performance, plasma filtration properties improved by the application of the closed plasma circuit and membranes with superior sieving and filtration properties. The effect of plasma solutes on filtration properties has been noted. In PBC patients the influence of total cholesterol concentration is particularly striking. Significant reduction of FFA and improvement of PMR were achieved in combination with bilirubin removal in liver failure patients, while bile acids (cholyglycine) levels were significantly reduced in 3 of PBC patients who expressed a subjective improvement of about 90% following 3 consecutive treatments. Four of 5 liver failure patients showed improved mental status with one patient surviving.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Thiamphenicol versus trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in bacterial exacerbations of chronic unspecific respiratory tract diseases. A controlled study].

To document the efficacy of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) in treating bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, and to evaluate the efficacy of thiamphenicol (TAP), 29 patients with chronic bronchial disease were treated for two separate bacterial exacerbations, once with 0.48 g of TMP and 2.4 g SMZ daily, and once with 1.5 g of TAP daily, for 14 days. Patients were evaluated weekly and different measurements, including graded clinical observations, ventilatory tests, sputum measurements, quantitative bacterial counts and blood studies were performed. Side effects were closely monitored. Of the 29 patients entered, 20 finished the trial and hence 40 exacerbations were evaluated. All graded clinical observations were improved by the antimicrobials, whereas no marked change in the ventilatory tests was seen. Of the sputum measurements the daily volume, purulence, numbers of neutrophils and bronchial epithelial cells decreased, as did the numbers of Haemophilus influenzae and pneumococci. Of the blood studies the red blood cell count fell by more than 20% of the pretreatment value in 2 patients on TAP and 2 on TMP-SMZ. Using the same criterion, the hemoglobin level fell in 4 patients on TAP and in the hemoglobin level fell in 4 patients on TAP and in 2 patients on TAP-SMZ, while the hematocrit fell in 4 patients on TAP and in 1 on TMP-SMZ. However, all these changes were completely reversible. Minor gastrointestinal side effects were observed in 11 patients receiving TAP, compared to 3 patients on TMP-SMZ. 1 patient on the latter drug experienced a rash at the end of therapy. From the viewpoint of overall clinical assessment, 16 patients improved and 4 remained unchanged during therapy with TAP. The corresponding figures for TMP-SMZ were 17 patients improved, 2 the same and 1 worse at the end of therapy. The average relapse time after TAP was 184 days and after TMP-SMZ 180 days. In conclusion, 80% or more of exacerbations were improved by the two drugs. For all the variables measured, no significant differences were statistically detectable between the two antimicrobials, whether given in the sequence TAP first and TMP-SMZ second, or vice versa.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Relapsing polychondritis (author's transl)].

Report about a case of relapsing polychondritis in a woman aged 60 years, which was proofed through autopsy. There was involvement of the trachea, the bronchial system and the cartilages of the ribs. The cartilages of nose and ear did not show any typical changes; therefore the diagnosis could not be established during life. The pecularities of the clinical picture and the pathohistological findings are reported in detail. It seems that the polychondritis is related in it's pathogenesis to the rheumatic disorders. tthe etiology, however, remains obscure.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1977

Computed tomography: a valuable aid to the abdominal surgeon.

The application of computed tomography (CT) for diseases of the liver, pancreas, kidney, and retroperitoneum has been described. The diagnostic accuracy of CT when compared with angiography, radioisotope scanning, endoscopic pancreatography, and transhepatic cholangiography is now being studied prospectively. The attractive features of CT include low risk, wide applicability, noninvasive technics, high diagnostic accuracy, and patient acceptance.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1976

[Patulin in foods of vegetable origin I. Pomaceous fruit and products made out of it (author's transl)].

Patulin can be detected in apples and pears which have spontaneously been affected with brown rot after storage at room temperature and at 1 degrees C. Spoilage phenomena of this kind can be caused by Penicillium expansum, but also by P. urticae and Bysssochlamys nivea. If apples are stored at room temperature following a 4--5 months' storage at 4 degrees C, the patulin content of the rotten parts of the apple tissue. In applie puree made under household conditions the patulin content of the initial material is reduced by about 90%.

Food Analysis↗