In an effort to compare the effects of anesthetics on cardiac functions and metabolism, mongrel dogs were anesthetized with morphine (3 mg/kg, N2O 50% in oxygen) or halothane (0.7%, N2O 50% in oxygen). Hb, Ht, pO2, pCO2, pH, O2 content, lactate, and pyruvate in the arterial and coronary sinus blood were measured and ECG, LVP, CVP, AP, and CO were recorded. Aorta was cross-clamped for 30 min under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Hemodynamic and metabolic survey were continued until 120 min of recovery period. Results were as follows: Hemodynamics, such as LVP, AP, and CO, were depressed after CPB, then gradually returned to control level. Subendocardial ischemia observed through ST depression and QRS widening on ECG, as well as DPTI/TTI ratio under 1.0, disappeared in the recovery period. Lactate was produced by the heart after anoxic arrest and was extracted at 120 min after CPB. Halothane and morphine did not show any significant differences of effects on cardiac function and metabolism in this study.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Ultrastructural change in myocardium subsequent to ischemic cardioplegia "no-reflow phenomenon".

Mongrel dogs were subjected to cardiopulmonary bypass with hemodilution and to normothermic anoxic arrest for 30 minutes, to study the subepicardial and the subendocardial myocardial ultructure and the DPTI/TTI ratio. "No-reflow phenomenon" was demonstrated in the myocardium after cardiopulmonary bypass, associated with normothermic anoxic arrest. No-reflow phenomenon was a contributing factor to subendocardial ischemia in the normotrophied ventricle after open-heart surgery. Severe hemodilution with hemoglobin less than 5.0 g% resulted in irreversible damage in both myocardial layers.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Experimental and clinical studies of the inverted autogenous vein grafts.

The vein was inverted (inside-out) and used as a new arterial substitute. Experimental study showed more than 90% patency rate and clinical experiences were satisfactory. Autogenous inverted vein grafting is a safe procedure and should be considered another way to widen the indication of the vein.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Diagnostic and pathological considerations in the popliteal artery entrapment syndrome.

Four cases of the popliteal artery entrapment syndrome including two with bilateral lesions are reported. All limbs of these patients showed classical arterial entrapment due to the anomalous course of the popliteal artery in relation to the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle. All cases were diagnosed preoperatively, and computed tomography demonstrated apparent separation of the popliteal artery and vein at the site of the insertion of the gastrocnemius muscle. All patients complained of gradually progressive intermittent claudication except for one who revealed acute leg ischemia following long periods of driving and Japanese-style sitting. Surgical treatment resulted in complete recovery in all limbs. Pathological characteristics in the popliteal artery were: (1) the presence of longitudinal smooth muscle bundles in the medial coat adjacent to the gastrocnemius muscle, and (2) intimal thickening and/or thrombus formation adjacent to the medial condyle of the femur.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Aortitis syndrome due to Takayasu's disease. A guideline for the surgical indication.

Seven cases of aortitis syndrome were surgically treated with good results: Abdominal aortic aneurysm 1, atypical coarctation of aorta 2, aortic valve insufficiency 2, renovascular hypertension 2. Several attentions were paid as following: 1. Operation should be avoided during acute phase of aortitis. 2. Synthetic graft material should be avoided if possible. Autogenous vein is advisable for reconstruction of small-sized artery. 3. Surgical intervention should be performed before the loss of organ function. 4. Hematological consideration is worthwhile to prevent hypercoagulopathy due to aortitis.

Adult↗