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Biomedical subjects

R Happle

Publications and source records attributed to R Happle.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

[DNCB therapy of alopecia areata].

Long-term treatment of alopecia areata with dinitrochlorobenzene is effective. During the last two and a half years, 227 patients who suffered, in the majority of cases, from total or subtotal hair loss, were treated by this method. Unilateral application of DNCB induced unilateral regrowth of hair in 88% of these patients. Under continuous treatment of both sides of the head, this initial response was followed by complete regrowth of hair in 78%. The same result could be obtained by application of squaric acid dibutylester, another potent contact allergen. This indicates that the essential mechanism is contact allergy. Possibly, the regrowth of hair is due to the induction of local nonspecific immunosuppression.

Alopecia Areata↗
PubMed1979

[Advances in topical therapy of skin diseases (author's transl)].

The anti-inflammatory effect of the new topical corticosteroid fluocortin butyl ester is approximately equal to that of hydrocortisone acetate but it has the advantage that systemic side-effects are lacking. Vitamin A acid and benzoyl peroxide have brought significant advances in the topical treatment of acne. For the treatment of chloasma and other hyperpigmentations the combination of vitamin A acid and hydroquinone with a corticoid is considerably more effective than any of the single components alone. Povidone-iodine with its extraordinarily low sensitization rate has proved useful for external antimicrobial treatment. Extensive or multiple precancerous lesions are effectively treated with 5-fluorouracil. New hair growth can be induced in alopecia areata by the local application of DNCB.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1979

X-linked dominant chondrodysplasia punctata. Review of literature and report of a case.

X-linked dominant chondrodysplasia punctata is a syndrome consisting of skeletal, ocular, and cutaneous anomalies with asymmetric involvement of the body. The skin lesions, the hallmark of this condition, are distributed in a linear or blotchy pattern and include congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma, systematized atrophoderma mainly involving the hair follicles, and circumscribed alopecia. The remaining scalp hair is in part normal and in part irregularly twisted and coarse. The eyebrows and lashes are sparse. The nails may be flattened and split into layers. Thirty-five cases of this new syndrome are reviewed, and an additional observation is reported. The ratio of females to males is 36:0. The concept of X-linked dominant chondrodysplasia punctata has been suggested, and it has been postulated that there is a connection between the mosaic phenotype and the limitation to the female sex. Both facts would be explained by an X-linked gene giving rise to a pattern of lyonization in females, and lethal in hemizygous males. The classification of chondrodysplasia punctata thus includes three forms: the rhizomelic type, the Conradi-Hünermann type, and the X-linked dominant type. Two of these, the rhizomelic type and the X-linked dominant type, are well-defined entities. Whether the Conradi-Hünermann type, after separation of the X-linked form, is still heterogeneous, remains to be determined.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Laboratory investigations in patients with generalized psoriasis under oral retinoid treatment. A multicenter study of computerized data.

Numerous laboratory parameters were examined 235 patients with generalized psoriasis treated orally with retinoid and in 35 patients treated topically with anthralin as control. Computer evaluation of the obtained data revealed statistical trends to elevation of the total serum bilirubin level and increasing number of blood monocytes after long-term oral treatment. No other statistically significant changes of the laboratory data were found. Particularly, the liver function tests (transaminases, prothrombin and alkaline phosphatase) showed no significant alterations. Only in a few cases did the retinoid compound have an influence on the GPT and GOT levels. The reasons for this individual sensitivity to the drug remain unknown. No significant alterations were found in the control group treated topically with anthralin.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1979

[White nevus of the oral mucosa].

A white sponge nevus of the oral mucosa is described in a 12-year-old girl and her 36-year-old mother. This anomaly, which is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, deserves no treatment. Because of the bilateral involvement, which is found in the majority of cases, the white sponge nevus is often misdiagnosed as therapy-resistant thrush.

Child↗
PubMed1979

[Pregnancy and delivery combined with hereditory angioneurotic edema (author's transl)].

Two deliveries in a patient combined with hereditory angioneurotic edema are reported. Although even the smallest trauma can lead to life threatening edema the tendency to edema is reduced during pregnancy. Neither in the vagina nor the vulva the deliveries caused edema. The episiotomy did not cause a concomitant edema of the vulva, despite the predilection of the external genital organs for edema. It is possible that a correlation between the gonadotrophin level and the tendency to edema exists in hereditory angioneurotic edema.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[X-linked dominant chondrodysplasia punctata: an osteocutaneous syndrome].

A further case of X-linked dominant chondridysplasia punctata is described. This syndrome is characterized by the following cutaneous anomalies: congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma with thick, adherent hyperkeratoses; widespread atrophic skin lesions discernible after the first weeks of life; patchy alopecia; coarse and lusterless hair; onychoschisis. The hyperkeratoses of the newborn as well as the ensuing atrophoderma predominantly involve the hair follicles and are distributed in a bizarre linear or blotchy pattern. In some instances, a linear pattern of pigmentary disturbance has also been observed. These cutaneous signs and symptoms are so typical that the diagnosis of X-linked dominant chondrodysplasia punctata can be established even without X-ray examination. The syndrome has so far been observed exclusively in females. Apparently, the underlying X-linked gene defect is lethal in hemizygous males.

Child↗
PubMed1979

Roentgenographic and clinical signs in yellow nail syndrome.

The yellow nail syndrome is a rare condition consisting of thickened opaque yellow nails, lymphedema and respiratory symptoms such as bronchitis or pleural effusions. In a 25-year-old woman, presenting all clinical signs of this syndrome, lymphangiography revealed impaired lymphdrainage of both legs. Both, number and size of the lymph vessels and regional lymph nodes were found to be reduced and several extravasations of the contrast medium were noted. Lymphangiography may help to establish the diagnosis of yellow nail syndrome, especially if the assocation of clinical anomalies is incomplete.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Dinitrochlorobenzene therapy for alopecia areata.

Ninety patients with alopecia areata were treated with weekly applications to one side of the head of dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) dissolved in acetone, the other side of the head serving as control region. In 80 patients (89%) hair regrew either exclusively on the treated side, or considerably faster and denser on this side. The difference was noted, in the majority of cases, within eight weeks. The initial response, however, could not be maintained in all of these patients. Persistent response was observed in 72 patients (80%). Peribulbar round cell infiltrates were found to be more constant and denser on the treated side, suggesting that topically applied DNCB affects the peribulbar infiltrate present in alopecia areata. Possibly, the therapeutic result is due to altered local immunoregulation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Genetic interpretation of linear skin abnormalities].

For the linear distribution of congenital skin lesions, modern genetics offers several explanations. Localized linear nevi may be due to somatic mutations. Generalized linear nevi may be the result of early somatic mutations or of gametic half chromatid mutations. The generalized linear patterns of incontinentia pigmenti, focal dermal hypoplasia and sex-linked chondrodysplasia punctata may be explained by functional X-chromosome mosaicism. The same mechanism may account for a peculiar striation of bones observed in focal dermal hypoplasia. Exceptional cases of incontinentia pigmenti and focal dermal hypoplasia in males may be due in part to the gonosome constitution XXY, and in part to gametic half chromatid mutations.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1977

Paraproteinaemia in erythema elevatum diutinum.

Paraproteinaemia (IgGkappa) was observed in a 68 year-old patient with erythema elevatum diutinum. The association of this skin disease with paraproteinaemia as already reported by other authors may indicate a pathogenetic relationship.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

[Alopecia areata: successful half-side treatment with DNCB].

In 46 patients with alopecia areata, one side of the head was treated with weekly applications of DNCB, dissolved in acetone. The therapeutic aim was mild contact dermatitis. The other side of the head served as control region. A therapeutic effect was noted in 36 patients: 22 patients showed regrowth of hair exclusively on the treated side, and in 14 patients regrowth of hair was considerably faster and more dense on the treated side. In 8 patients no regrowth was observed, and in 2 patients regrowth occurred on both sides without any difference of intensity. The difference between both sides with regard to hair growth was seen in all of the 7 patients with moderate involvement and in 12 out of 13 patients with extensive involvement; but also in 17 out of 26 patients with alopecia areata totalis or fere totalis. The difference was noted, in the majority of cases, within 3 months. These results prove the efficacy of DNCB treatment of alopecia areata.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Induction of hair growth in alopecia areata with D.N.C.B.

43 patients with alopecia areata were treated with weekly applications of dinitrochlorobenzene (D.N.C.B.), dissolved in acetone, on one side of the head, with the other side serving as control region. The therapeutic aim was a mild contact dermatitis. A significant difference of hair growth between the treated and untreated sides was observed in 33 patients. 21 patients showed regrowth of hair exclusively on the treated side, and in 12 patients regrowth was considerably faster and more dense on the treated side. In the majority of patients the difference was noted within 3 months.

Administration, Topical↗