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Biomedical subjects

R Hall

Publications and source records attributed to R Hall.

At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMed1973

Grades of hypothyroidism.

Seventy-nine patients with hypothyroidism and autoimmune thyroid disease were studied, and allotted to one of four categories on the basis of clinical and biochemical features. Firstly, patients with overt hypothyroidism had obvious clinical features of hypothyroidism and abnormal results from routine tests of thyroid function. Secondly, those with mild hypothyroidism, however, had minor and non-specific symptoms, but the routine measurements of circulating thyroid hormone concentration generally lay within the normal range, although they were significantly lower than those seen in subclinical hypothyroidism or in normal subjects. The serum concentration of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) was raised in this group and their symptoms resolve with treatment. Thirdly, patients with subclinical hypothyroidism were asymptomatic, had a raised serum TSH concentration, but all other measurements of thyroid function are indistinguishable from those recorded in people with autoimmune thyroid disease without disturbance of thyroid function and in normal subjects. Lastly, subjects with circulating thyroid antibodies, normal indices of thyroid function, and a normal serum TSH concentration were indistinguishable biochemically from normal subjects.Thus hypothyroidism is a graded phenomenon, the most valuable features for defining the individual grade being the clinical manifestations, the serum TSH concentration, and the presence of circulating antibodies to thyroid tissue.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1972

Isolated pituitary gonadotrophin deficiency: gonadotrophin secretion after synthetic luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulation hormone-releasing hormone.

The responses of serum immunoreactive luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) after intravenous injection of 100 mug of synthetic LH/FSH-RH have been studied in 14 patients with the syndrome of isolated pituitary gonadotrophin deficiency. Nine of the patients showed a rise of both hormones, two a small rise of FSH only, and three were unresponsive. In two of the unresponsive patients injection of a 500-mug dose produced a small rise of LH only. Of the patients who responded, four had LH and FSH responses within the normal adult range, while in the others the responses were smaller and delayed. It is suggested that this syndrome is due to a lack of the hypothalamic-releasing hormone itself, rather than to a pituitary deficiency. However, repeat assessment after prolonged administration of the releasing hormone will be necessary before a pituitary disorder can be excluded in all patients. The synthetic LH/FSH-RH, preferably as a depot preparation, may provide a means of treating these patients to induce the development of puberty and subsequent fertility.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1972

Hypothyroidism.

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Hypothyroidism↗
PubMed1972

Hormonal responses to synthetic luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone-releasing hormone in man.

The effects of the gonadotrophin-releasing hormone, synthetic decapeptide luteinizing hormone/follicle stimulating hormone-releasing hormone (LH/FSH-RH), have been studied in 18 normal men and five women in the follicular phase of their menstrual cycle. Rapid and dose-dependent (25 to 100 mug) increases in serum immunoreactive LH were seen, which reached a peak 20 to 30 minutes after a rapid intravenous injection. Similar but much smaller increases in serum immunoreactive FSH were seen. These conclusions have been validated by using two different immunoassay systems for each hormone. The LH/FSH-RH therefore causes both LH and FSH release in man as in animals but does not affect growth hormone, thyrotrophin, or ACTH. The gonadotrophin responses were the same in the women as in the men but were insufficient in the men to cause statistically significant changes in the serum levels of the gonadal steroid hormones, testosterone or oestradiol, or in their precursors 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone or progesterone. In the women, however, there was a rise in oestradiol after the 100-mug doses. The use of LH/FSH-RH will provide an important test to define the level of the lesion in hypogonadal patients and also should be valuable in the treatment of some types of male and female infertility. A simple and clinically useful LH/FSH-RH test of pituitary function is described (100 mug given intravenously), and the provisional normal responses of LH and FSH at 20 and 60 minutes are given.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗