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Biomedical subjects

R Hale

Publications and source records attributed to R Hale.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Allergy to honeybee body components: distinction from bee venom sensitivity.

Two patients with inhalant allergy to whole bee body components are described, documented by positive skin tests to whole bee body extract and the presence of serum bee body-specific IgE. Both had evidence of mild sensitivity to bee venom. RAST inhibition studies indicated that the IgE antibodies directed at whole bee body components and bee venom were distinct. These observations suggest that venom allergy from insect stings and bee body inhalant allergy are caused by different antigens.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Assessing disulfiram compliance: validational study of an abbreviated breath test procedure.

An abbreviated breath test for detecting the disulfiram metabolite carbon disulfide (CS2) was evaluated in an analogue investigation of the sensitivity of the test in identifying disulfiram and non-disulfiram intake in a group of 14 alcoholic inpatients. Disulfiram (250 mg) was administered within an ABAB repeated measures design over a 12-day period with corresponding breath tests administered during morning and afternoon time periods. Dependent measures included spectrophotometric analysis of reacted test samples and visual ratings of sample color. Results indicated that the test was highly sensitive in discriminating disulfiram administration for the group as a whole, as well as for individual subjects. Moreover, visual ratings were more accurate than spectrophotometric cut-off scores in identifying disulfiram administration. The test shows considerable promise as a rapid means of assessing disulfiram compliance.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The heat stability of short ragweed pollen extract and the importance of individual allergens in skin reactivity.

A short ragweed pollen extract that was heated in a boiling-water bath remained skin reactive for some allergic individuals and lost reactivity for others. Comparison of heated and unheated extract by immunodiffusion showed that AgE, AgK, and Ra3 could not be detected in the boiled extract but Ra5 was present. By inhibition of the radioallergosorbent test the concentration of Ra5 remained essentially unchanged, but the concentrations of AgE and Ra3 were greatly diminished. The sera of these ragweed-allergic individuals were analyzed for IgE antibodies to AgE, Ra3, and Ra5. Skin reactivity in 17 ragweed-allergic individuals to the heated extract correlated significantly with the levels of IgE antibodies to Ra5. However, the large number of individuals reacting to the boiled extract indicates that Ra5 is not likely to be the only heat-stable allergen. Skin reactivity of the unheated extract did not correlate with IgE antibody levels to any allergen. The results underscore the importance of individual allergens in the materials used for skin testing.

Allergens↗
PubMed1980

Biceps tendon rerouting and percutaneous osteoclasis in the treatment of supination deformity in obstetrical palsy.

Paralytic supination deformity of the forearm, secondary to obstetrical palsy, was treated by biceps tendon rerouting in 11 children. In two patients additional pronation was obtained by subsequent percutaneous osteoclasis and rotation of the radius and ulna. Correction of the supination deformity resulted in improvement of single-handed as well as two-handed activities in all patients.

Child↗
PubMed1980

Enzymatic activities of house dust extracts.

Ten house dust extracts were examined for enzymatic activity using the Api-Zym System. Comparisons were also made with extracts of mites and molds. The results show a high degree of heterogeneity between dust extracts from different companies and also to a lesser extent between lots of dust extracts from the same company, indicating variability of source material for extraction. It seems possible to detect enzymatic activity in house dust extracts associated with molds but more difficult to do the same with mites. The correlation between enzymatic activity and allergenic activity of house dust cannot be made from these data.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1979

Analysis of human spermatozoal fertilizing ability using zona-free ova.

An in vitro fertilization assay employing zona-free hamster eggs was used to analyze human spermatozoal fertilizing ability. Human spermatozoa were preincubated for 18 to 20 hours in Biggers, Whitten, and Whittingham's medium (1971) at a concentration of 1 X 10(7) sperm/ml prior to the addition of zona-free superovulated hamster eggs. Eggs were examined microscopically 2 hours later for evidence of swelling or decondensing sperm heads in the cytoplasm. A total of 6266 eggs were examined in assays for both suspected fertile and infertile donors; 50 eggs/sample were examined. The percentage fertilization was found to range from 14% to 100% in the suspected fertile group with an average of 56.3%. The sperm concentration in this fertile group ranged from 22 to 303 million/ml with an average of 114. The suspected infertile samples yielded fertilization rates of 10% or less and an average count of 50.6 million/ml. These data suggest that human spermatozoa fuse with the vitelline membrane of zona-free hamster eggs and decondense with varying efficiencies. The percentage of fertilization in this cross-species system did not show a significant correlation with sperm concentration or motility. However, suspected infertile samples always yielded 10% or less fertilization in this assay. This method may have potential value as a diagnostic tool in evaluating human spermatozoal fertilizing capacity which avoids the ethical and logistcal problems associated with fertilization of human eggs in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Rubella vaccination: fertility control in a large-scale vaccination program for postpubertal women.

Despite nationwide immunization programs, rubella infections during pregnancy continue. To solve this serious health problem direct immunization of women of reproductive age may be required. On a clinic basis, using nonphysician personnel, we vaccinated 404 susceptible women, ages 18 to 33; half were sexually active. Since pregnancy is proscribed for 2 to 3 months following rubella vaccination, a full range of family-planning services and a variety of contraceptive methods were used to ensure sustained fertility control. Sixteen vaccinees presented with possible conceptions in a 3 month follow-up. Of these, only five required treatment: two received diethylstilbestrol, two had menstrual inductions, and one an abortion. Administration of vaccine during a menstrual period was effective in preventing inadvertent vaccination of pregnant women. It was concluded that contraceptive counseling with adequate pregnancy termination backup makes it feasible to give rubella vaccine to highly motivated women.

Contraception↗