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Biomedical subjects

R H Spector

Publications and source records attributed to R H Spector.

25 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Bilateral giant intracavernous carotid aneurysms treated by bilateral carotid ligation.

Bilateral common carotid ligation was performed successfully in a patient with bilateral giant intracavernous carotid artery aneurysms. The patient presented with complete left ophthalmoplegia and impending right ophthalmoplegia, which was treated with right carotid ligation followed one week later by subtotal left carotid occlusion. Subsequent to this treatment, the patient had a dramatic recovery and remains well one year following operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease mimicking ocular myasthenia gravis.

The purpose of this report is to alert the ophthalmologist and neurologist to the fact that intermittent ocular symptoms may herald the onset of chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia and therefore resemble the weakness produced by myasthenia gravis. In addition, chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia may complicate the course of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.

Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease↗
PubMed1976

Phenytoin-induced ophthalmoplegia.

Total external ophthalmoplegia was observed in five patients consequent to the oral or intravenous administration of phenytoin. Coincident with the ophthalmoplegia, the state of consciousness varied from drowsiness to coma and the blood levels of phenytoin ranged from 36 to 55 mug per milliliter. Initially, the eyes were fixed in midposition, and oculocephalic and oculovestibular stimulation failed to evoke either horizontal or vertical eye movements. The return of vestibulo-ocular responsiveness lagged behind the return of consciousness and other reflex activity. The mechanism underlying this ophthalmoplegia may be related to the ability of phenytoin to potentiate inhibitory synapses in the vestibulo-oculomotor pathway which utilize gamma aminobutyric acid, and to increase the discharge rate of Purkinge cells which exert an inhibitory influence on the same structures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Edrophonium infrared optokinetic nystagmography in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis.

Horizontal optokinetic nystagmus was measured by an infrared eye movement recording technique before and after the administration of intravenous edrophonium chloride in 16 patients wtih proved myasthenia gravis. All the patients, even those without clinically apparent ophthalmoparesis, demonstrated an increased amplitude of optokinetic nystagmus after administration of the drug. None of 12 control patients, many with ophthalmoparesis, showed increased optokinetic nystagmographic amplitude. The superiority of infrared recording techniques to electro-ocuography was discussed. Edrophonium infrared optokinetic nystagmography proved to be a sensitive and specific test of myasthenic weakness in extraocular muscles.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Migraine.

The most widely accepted classification of the migraine syndrome includes common, classic, complicated and cluster migraines. Migraine variants refer to episodic dysfunctions of an organ or system which either occur in the migraine sufferer, or replace the headache. While migraine appears to be a primary disorder of the cerebral vessels, there is current experimentation into the role of circulating serotin, prostaglandins, platelet abnormalities and estrogen levels. Both nonnarcotic and narcotic treatments are available, and prophylactic measures may be indicated.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Vertical diplopia.

An accurate clinical evaluation of vertical diplopia is predicated upon meticulous history-taking, observations regarding the presence and pattern of an anomalous head position, and the analysis of several subjective and objective tests of extraocular muscle function. To reach a final diagnosis with minimum risk and expense to the patient the examiner must be familiar with the neuroanatomy of the supranuclear and infranuclear pathways which control the actions of the vertically-acting extraocular muscles, the clinical methods and pitfalls of a number of clinical techniques which are used to identify an underacting extraocular muscle, and the hallmark characteristics of a supranuclear, infranuclear and restrictive ophthalmopathy.

Diagnosis, Differential↗