Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to R H Meade.
Meningitis occurs more often in the neonatal period than at any other time of life. It is often the result of maternal infection and occurs more often in the prematurely born infant and in those born after prolonged rupture of the membranes. Even with early treatment, the chance for survival is limited and the likelihood of complications among survivors is high.
A unilateral vesiculobullous eruption associated with fever was seen on the neck, shoulder, and upper part of the chest of a 7-year-old boy. Although three dermatomes in all were involved, the lesions resembled herpes zoster. The patient had had varicella in infancy. Culture of fluid from several bullae yielded echovirus 6; however, and serum neutralizing antibody to this virus rose in titer from 1:32 to 1:640. It is suggested that echovirus 6 and other enteroviruses may cause a number of vesicular eruptions that resemble herpes zoster and similar infections. Viral culture, while often difficult to obtain, is the only way to identify the cause of eruptions like this one.
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The increasing number of ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae recoveries have required a change in the treatment of meningitis due to this organism. Chloramphenicol has been recommended and is an effective though toxic substitute. Streptomycin combined with sulfisoxazole has been as effective as ampicillin in treating H influenzae meningitis. The results of treating 61 children with ampicillin were compared with results of those given streptomycin intramuscularly, in three intrathecal doses with sulfisoxazole intravenously, and by mouth to 50 children. Permanent neurological sequelae, including deafness, mental retardation, and persisting seizures, developed in the six given ampicillin; communic-ting hydrocephalus occurred in one who had been treated with streptomycin and sulfisoxazole. There was no phlebitis, buttocks abscess, or drug eruptions, and treatment was better tolerated in the streptomycin and sulfisoxazole group. This combination is suggested as an effective alternative to ampicillin.
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Appreciable Amounts Of suspended matter (> 1.0 milligram per liter) in surface waters are restricted to within a few kilometers of the Atlantic coast. Particles that escape estuaries or are discharged by rivers into the shelf region tend to travel longshoreward rather than seaward. Suspended matter farther offshore, chiefly amorphous organic particles, totals 0.1 milligram per liter or less. Soot, fly ash, processed cellulose, and other pollutants are widespread.
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