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Biomedical subjects

R H Kelly

Publications and source records attributed to R H Kelly.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Body fluid concentrations of ampicillin trihydrate in 6 horses after a single intramuscular dose.

Six adult mares were given a single dose of ampicillin trihydrate (250 mg/ml) intramuscularly at a dosage of 20 mg/kg body weight. Serum, synovial fluid, peritoneal fluid and urine ampicillin concentrations were measured serially over a 48 h period. The mean peak serum ampicillin concentration was 2.49 micrograms/ml at 6 h. Ampicillin was found in synovial fluid and peritoneal fluid, which obtained mean peak ampicillin concentrations of 1.65 micrograms/ml and 1.81 micrograms/ml at 6 h and 4 h respectively. These concentrations declined in parallel with serum concentrations and were still detectable at 48 h. Urine concentration of ampicillin was relatively high, with a mean peak concentration of 1364.9 micrograms/ml at 4 h.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1982

Multiple clonally-restricted immunoglobulins in human sera: disease associations.

Diseases associated with multiple clonally-restricted serum immunoglobulin (Ig) abnormalities present at levels which, in most cases, preclude detection by conventional immunoelectrophoresis, were studied using methods for detection and characterization of homogeneous Ig that are approximately equal to 40 times more sensitive than either cellulose acetate zone electrophoresis or immunoelectrophoresis. Patients with these Ig abnormalities had a high incidence of infectious disease (29% of total cases), malignancy (19%), connective tissue disease (14%) and liver disease (10%). The concentration of individual clonal products was found to wax and wane, but it could not be determined whether these clonally-restricted Ig species represent, wholly or in part, the products of dominant antibody-producing plasma cell clones involved in the patients' response to their disease. We conclude that multiple homogeneous serum Ig abnormalities occur in clinical situations where heightened antigenic stimulation and/or immune reactivity are thought to occur (e.g., infections, malignancies and autoimmunity). Laboratory evaluation of these Ig abnormalities could be useful for diagnostic and/or therapeutic monitoring purposes in situations where the specificity of the clonally-restricted Ig species can be established.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

Acute hemorrhagic pancreatic necrosis in mice. Induction in male mice treated with estradiol.

Acute hemorrhagic pancreatic necrosis (AHPN) is induced in young female mice fed fo 4 days a choline-deficient diet containing diet 0.5% DL-ethionine (CDE). Contrary to females, male mice do not develop AHPN when fed the same diet. For determination of whether estrogens are involved in the induction of AHPN, estradiol-treated male mice were fed the CDE diet. In such estrogen-treated male mice, the mortality rate, incidence of AHPN, and alterations in biochemical parameters of the pancreas and of serum were similar to those induced by the CDE diet in females.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

Oxytetracycline hydrochloride in the horse: serum, synovial, peritoneal and urine concentrations after single dose intravenous administration.

Six adult mares were given a single intravenous injection of oxytetracycline HCl (50 mg/ml) at a dosage of 5 mg/kg. Serum, synovial fluid, peritoneal fluid, and urine oxytetracycline concentrations were measured serially over a 48-h period. The highest measured serum oxytetracycline concentration was 8.01 mcg/ml at 1/2 h. Oxytetracycline was detected in synovial fluid and peritoneal fluid, which obtained mean peak oxytetracycline concentrations of 4.43 mcg/ml and 4.20 mcg/ml, at 1/2 h and 1 h, respectively. These concentrations steadily declined in parallel with serum concentrations and were not measurable at 48 h. Urine oxytetracycline concentration was relatively high, with a peak concentration of 1565.2 mcg/ml at 1/2 h after drug administration.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Acute hemorrhagic pancreatic necrosis in mice: alterations of serum complement.

Induction of acute hemorrhagic pancreatic necrosis by dietary means in mice produces alterations in the serum complement system. Total hemolytic complement, i.e., CH50, and native C3 levels fall during the development of pancreatitis while, at the same time, what could be immunoreactive C3 degradation products are demonstrable both in the circulation and in the urine. No evidence of renal deposition of C3 was obtained by immunofluorescence analysis, although marked alterations in proteinuria were observed, suggesting that renal dysfunction(s) is a feature of acute hemorrhagic pancreatic necrosis. Lack of renal complement deposition, together with our earlier negative findings with respect to pancreatic localization, suggests that serum complement alterations are side effects of the pancreatitis, attributable to intravascular, pancreatic enzyme-mediated degradation of serum complement components.

Albuminuria↗
PubMed1981

Monoclonal rheumatoid factor (IgG lambda) its association with amyloid deposits containing lambda light chains.

A patient with monoclonal IgG lambda rheumatoid factor was observed over a period of four years. During this time, serum level of the monoclonal protein fluctuated around 150 mg/dL and homogeneous lambda light chains were present in the urine. The patient died of squamous-cell carcinoma of the lung and no evidence of multiple myeloma was present at the time of autopsy. However, the patient had systemic amyloidosis that affected primarily the blood vessels in most organs. Both the vascular and parenchymal amyloid deposits stained for lambda light chains by the immunoperoxidase technique. These data support the hypothesis that amyloidogenic monoclonal immunoglobulins may be autoantibodies.

Amyloidosis↗
PubMed1981

Circulating and deposited immune complexes in patients with glomerular disease: immunopathologic correlations.

The presence of circulating immune complexes (ICs), and alterations of serum immunoglobulins G, A, and M, properdin factor B, and C3 and C4 levels were correlated with glomerular immune deposits in 50 consecutive renal biopsy patients. Urine from 25 of these patients was also examined for ICs. Agarose gel zone electrophoresis (AGE) was used for IC screening. This method detects greater than or equal to 200 ng of IC per 1.5 microliter sample application (approximately equal to 130 micrograms/ml of serum immune complexes) and gives some indication of antigen or antibody excess in the ICs. Glomerular immune deposits were detected by immunofluorescence and electron microscopy in 72% (36/50) of these patients. Circulating and/or urinary IC were found in 69% (25/36) of patients with positive immunofluorescence and 78% (11/14) of patients with negative immunofluorescence. Five of 11 patients with circulating IC but no renal deposition presented with idiopathic crescentic glomerulonephritis (ICGN). These results indicate that IC that persist in the circulation and/or pass renal glomeruli with minimal deposition may result in tissue injury. Circulating IC in antibody excess were detected in all patients with membranous glomerulonephritis. ICs were also found in 55% of patients with IgA nephropathy. Our observations support the hypothesis of an immune complex pathogenesis for these diseases. Determination of circulating and urinary IC in patients with glomerular disease may help in clinical assessment and provide information concerning the pathogenesis of these diseases in humans.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Kanamycin sulfate in the horse: serum, synovial fluid, peritoneal fluid, and urine concentrations after single-dose intramuscular administration.

Six healthy adult mares were given a single dose of kanamycin sulfate (200 mg/ml) IM at a dosage rate of 5 mg/kg of body weight. Kanamycin concentrations in serum, synovial fluid, peritoneal fluid, and urine were measured serially over a 48-hour period. The mean peak serum kanamycin concentration was 12.55 microgram/ml at 1 hour. Mean peak kanamycin concentrations in synovial fluid and peritoneal fluid were 7.25 microgram/ml and 9.27 microgram/ml at 2 hours and 3 hours, respectively. These concentrations decreased steadily in parallel with serum concentrations and were still measurable at 48 hours. Urine concentrations of kanamycin were relatively high, with a mean peak concentration of 80.51 microgram/ml at 1 hour.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Sodium oxacillin in the horse: serum, synovial fluid, peritoneal fluid, and urine concentrations after single-dose intramuscular administration.

Six healthy adult mares were given a single dose (25 mg/kg of body weight) of sodium oxacillin IM. Oxacillin concentrations in serum, synovial fluid, peritoneal fluid, and urine were measured serially over a 48-hour period. The mean peak serum oxacillin concentration was 9.75 microgram/ml at 0.5 hour after injection. Mean peak oxacillin concentrations in synovial and peritoneal fluids were 1.45 microgram/ml and 2.60 microgram/ml at 1 hour and 2 hours, respectively. These concentrations decreased in parallel with serum values and were not measurable at 48 hours. Urine concentrations of oxacillin were high, with a mean peak concentration of 2,790.2 microgram/ml at 0.5 hour.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Aqueous procaine penicillin G in the horse: serum, synovial, peritoneal, and urine concentrations after single-dose intramuscular administration.

Six adult mares were given a single dose of aqueous suspension procaine penicillin G (300,000 IU/ml) IM at a dosage of 22,000 IU/kg of body weight (15.4 mg of penicillin G/kg). Serum, synovial fluid, peritoneal fluid, and urine penicillin concentrations were measured serially over a 48-hour period. The mean peak serum penicillin concentration was 1.42 microgram/ml at 3 hours. Penicillin was detected in synovial fluid and peritoneal fluid, which obtained mean peak penicillin concentrations of 0.62 microgram/ml and 0.58 microgram/ml, at 4 hours and 3 hours, respectively. These concentrations steadily decreased in parallel with serum concentrations and were still measurable at 48 hours. Urine concentrations of penicillin were relatively high, with a mean peak concentration of 525.81 microgram/ml at 8 hours.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Alterations in glycoproteins and lipids in azaserine-induced acinar cell carcinoma of rat pancreas.

Glycoproteins and lipids of rat pancreatic acinar cell carcinomas maintained in nude mice and in cell culture, were analyzed. The tumor contained significantly elevated levels of glycoproteins when compared with their normal counterparts. SDS-PAGE of tumor glycoproteins revealed that there were increased amounts of small molecular weight glycoproteins and the tumor also contained a 51,000 dalton glycoprotein which was not detected in the pancreas, liver or the sera of the control animals. The tumor in nude mice and cancer cells in culture had decreased lecithins and triglycerides, and increased amounts of free fatty acids, and both free and esterified cholesterols. The results indicate that altered glycoprotein and lipid compositions represent some of the characteristic features of the acinar cell carcinoma.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Qualitative testing for circulating immune complexes by use of zone electrophoresis on agarose.

On binding of antibody to antigen an immune complex is formed that has a net surface charge different from that of either of the two components. This, together with clonal restriction of the antibody response, gives rise to distinctive patterns that are readily apparent in stained agarose gels after routine zone electrophoresis. Most circulating immune complexes appear as a rectangular pattern, with well-defined edges, located in the gamma-region. The identity of the material responsible for these patterns has been established by three different experimental approaches: analysis of tetanus/anti-tetanus complexes formed in vitro, analysis of sera from rabbits with experimental immune complex disease, and analysis of human type II and type III cryoglobulins. Studies of reproducibility, interfering substances, and correlation with other assays for detecting immune complexes indicate that zone electrophoresis in agarose gel is a sensitive, highly specific technique for immune complex detection, of potential value as a screening tool.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

Lymphocyte migratory pathways in adjuvant disease. II. Distribution of thoracic duct lymph-borne immunoblasts.

Evidence for enhanced extravasation of thoracic duct lymph-borne immuno-blasts within joints of rats during the onset of adjuvant disease was sought by adoptive transfer of cells radiolabeled with (125I)-iodo-2-deoxyuridine. Migratory behavior of cells from normal or adjuvant disease donors, during both inductive and overt stages of the disease process, was contrasted in normal and adjuvant disease recipients. The results provided no evidence to indicate enhanced joint-seeking properties of lymph-borne immuno-blasts obtained from adjuvant disease donors, either during the period preceding overt joint involvement or during the phase of chronic inflammation. The ability of lymph-borne cells to passively transfer the disease thus appears more likely due to systemic actions of these cells, mediators produced by them, or concomitantly passaged antigen upon patterns of inflammatory cell mobilization and/or vascular endothelial cell activation.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Acute hemorrhagic pancreatic necrosis in mice: lack of a pathogenetic role for complement.

Feeding a choline-deficient diet containing 0.5% DL-ethionine induces an acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis in 100% of young female mice. Evidence for deposition of the third component of complement (C3) on acinar cell plasma membranes was sought, during the inductive stages, by a sandwich immunofluorescence technique. Such a localization could not be demonstrated even though the method is capable of detecting less than 8 x 10(-5) microgram of protein/mm2 of cell membrane. Artifactual binding of immunoglobulin reagents was encountered when goat antisera, with high levels of circulating immune complexes, formed the middle layer in the sandwich technique. This was attributed to the appearance of Fc receptors on the plasma membrane of degenerating acinar cells, and could be avoided by ultracentrifuging acinar cells, and could be avoided by ultracentrifuging the goat antisera prior to sue. In view of the fact that C3 cleavage represents an amplification loop in both the calssical and alternate pathways of complement activation, the lack of demonstrable C3 staining in tbe present experiments strongly suggests that complement plays no role in acinar cell necrosis in this model of pancreatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Functional anatomy of lymph nodes. II. Peripheral lymph-borne mononuclear cells.

In the rabbit a number of large mononuclear cells with ruffled surface membranes travel from the skin and superficial tissues of the leg, via the lymphatics, to the popliteal lymph node: they constitute 40-50% of the total cell population in the afferent lymph. About 10% of these cells are actively phagocytic when tested in vitro and about 3% are found to contain Langerhans granules. After isotopic labelling the majority of lymph-borne mononuclear cells can be detected within the regional node for at least 24 hours; most being located in the paracortex and a few in the interfollicular cortex. It is proposed that these cells, including those containing Langerhans granules, belong to the "mononuclear phagocyte system." Possible functions of these lymph-borne cells are discussed with particular reference to antigen transport.

Adenosine↗