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Biomedical subjects

R H Johnson

Publications and source records attributed to R H Johnson.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Enhancement and metastasis after immunotherapy of ovine squamous-cell carcinoma.

Extracts of ovine squamous-cell carcinoma (OSCC) prepared by different procedures, were injected at varying concentrations into 184 tumour-bearing sheep. At a total protein of 0.5 mg and greater, there was significant enhancement and metastasis in all 120 sheep examined. Extracts of OSCC containing less than 0.5 mg protein, or of human squamous-cell carcinoma and normal sheep skin containing high levels of protein, had no effect on subsequent tumour development. Extracts of foetal sheep skin at the 3mg-protein level produced significant enhancement and metastasis. The degree of enhancement was inversely proportional to the developmental stage of the tumour at the time of treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

In vitro growth of ovine squamous cell carcinoma.

Cultured by fragment explantation following a selective trypsinisation procedure, 22/31 (71%) specimens of ovine squamous cell carcinoma yielded pure strains of epithelial cells which to date have passaged vigorously to the 29th level of passage. In contrast to the diploid nature of epithelial cell strains derived from foetal sheep skin, the cell strains derived from skin tumors were highly aneuploid.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Effect of fluphenazine on pituitary function in man.

The growth hormone (hGH) and prolactin (hPRL) response to insulin induced hypoglycaemia was studied in six alcoholics on two occasions before and after treatment with a single intramuscular injection of fluphenazine (Modecate). On both occasions blood samples were taken at intervals before and after the intravenous injection of soluble insulin (0.1 u/kg body weight). The patients were investigated on the first occasion, 2-7 days after cessation of drinking and they all demonstrated an adequate hGH response. They then received an injection of fluphenazine (Modecate 12.5 mg) and were reinvestigated 1 week later. The hGH response to hypoglycaemia was significantly impaired after treatment with fluphenazine. Basal hPRL concentrations were significantly increased and increased concentrations of hPRL in response to hypoglycaemia occurred after treatment. We conclude that a single injection of fluphenazine (Modecate 12.5 mg) has a marked effect on hypothalamic-pituitary mechanisms controlling hGH and hPRL release.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Immunoglobulins in blood serum of foetal pigs.

A total of 1,147 samples of blood serum, collected from porcine foetuses, were examined for the presence of immunoglobulin. The foetuses, from 182 sows, were sampled at abattoirs in Queensland during 1975. For detection and measurement of immunoglobulins, rabbit anti-pig serum and monospecific anti-pig IgG, anti-pig IgM and anti-pig IgA were employed in immunoelectrophoresis, double diffusion and single radial immuno-diffusion assays. Twenty-four foetuses (from 7 litters) had detectable IgG or IgM. None of the samples were positive for IgA. Two of the serums (from siblings) had high antibody titres to porcine parvovirus but in the remainder of the immunoglobulin-positive serums no antibody activity was detected.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Serological procedures to determine time of infection of pigs with porcine parvovirus.

It was found possible to correlate serological responses to porcine parvovirus (PPV) with the time after infection. Two procedures were used for PPV antibody measurement: an immunodiffusion technique to measure precipitating antibody and a haemagglutination inhibition (HI) procedure to measure concentration of 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) sensitive antibody. Both procedures successfully related antibody titres to time post-infection, but it was considered that a 2 M 2-ME HI procedure showed the greater promise for field investigations.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Growth hormone and prolactin response to bromocriptine in patients with Huntington's chorea.

The growth hormone (hGH) and prolactin (hPRL) responses to oral bromocriptine were studied in two groups of patients with Huntington's chorea and in seven healthy control subjects. The patients included six patients who had previously been treated with phenothiazines and six patients who had not received phenothiazine treatment. All medication was stopped 72 hours before the investigation which involved taking blood samples for up to 210 minutes after taking bromocriptine (2.5 mg). Plasma samples were analysed for hGH and hPRL. There was no significant difference in basal hGH concentrations between the patients and control subjects. The hGH response to bromocriptine varied in the individual patients but the concentrations were significantly lower in the patients compared with the controls between 160 and 210 minutes. The basal concentrations of hPRL were also not different, apart from the findings of elevated hPRL concentrations in three patients previously treated with phenothiazines. The patients and control subjects showed a consistent fall in hPRL concentrations after taking bromocriptine. The lower peak hGH response to bromocriptine found in the patients suggests that there may be an alteration of dopaminergic neurones mediating hGH release.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

A new method for the detection of the plasminogen activator content of vein walls.

The plasminogen activator content of a vein wall has been measured by estimating the radio-activity released from a 125I-tagged fibrin clot by incubating that clot with a known weight of the vein wall. This method could be used in the investigation of the fibrinolytic system of the body in its normal distribution and in the diseases of the vascular system.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

Disseminated North American blastomycosis. Occurrence with clinical manifestations of adrenal insufficiency.

Adrenal involvement in cases of disseminated North American blastomycosis occurs frequently, but clinically substantive adrenal insufficiency is rare. An unusual case of disseminated blastomycosis with clinical manifestations of adrenal insufficiency was found. One should be alert to the symptoms of adrenal insufficiency that may develop in patients with disseminated mycoses.

Abscess↗
PubMed1977

The effect on reproductive performance of porcine parvovirus infection in a susceptible pig herd.

An acute episode of reproductive failure occurred following natural introduction of porcine parvovirus to a susceptible herd of 48 breeding sows. Serological data gave a close estimate of the time that infection spread through the herd, and enabled a correct forecast of the reproductive failure that followed. Severe fetal mummification was seen over a three-week period. Epidemiological data is presented strongly linking in utero parvovirus infection with the mummification that occurred, and the significance of this data is discussed in connection with the present knowledge of transplacental porcine parvovirus infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Unusual infections caused by Pasteurella multocida.

Three cases of infection with Pasteurella multocida included acute epiglottitis, septic arthritis, and pleuropulmonary infection. Human infections with this microorganism are commonly related either to animal contact (eg, wound infections) or to the presence of underlying chronic respiratory tract disease. Although septic arthritis and pleuropulmonary infections have previously been attributed to this pathogen, to our knowledge, this is the first reported case of acute epiglottitis caused by P. multocida.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1977

Social-services support for multiple sclerosis patients in West of Scotland.

A survey has been carries out of 104 patients with multiple sclerosis (m.s.) in West-Central-Scotland. All patients were living at home, and success of services to assist them in the community was examined. The partients were aged 16-65 years and had permanent disability, many being severely handicapped. Regular hospital follow-up was more common among the least disabled. 24 patients had never seen a social worker. Many patients had experienced problems with employment but 37 per cent of these had never registered with a disablement resettlement officer. After advice 10 additional patients applied successfully for an attendance allowance. Legislation requires local authorities to compile a register of the disabled and give information on services available to them. Only 19 patients were registered, however, and no one had received any information from a local authority. Many of these M.S. patients had failed to establish or maintain contact with available services. These results indicate a need for reorganisation of the support for the chronically disabled, possibly by setting up regular clinics for assessment and management, as recommended by the Tunbridge report (1972).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Salivary phenytoin radioimmunoassay. A simple method of the assessment of non-protein bound drug concentrations.

A simple, specific and rapid radioimmunoassay (RIA) method for the assessment of non-protein bound ('free') phenytoin (DPH) concentrations in mixed saliva is described. Epileptic patients on maintenance phenytoin therapy have mixed saliva phenytoin concentrations similar to 'free' drug levels measured directly in serum or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), Salivary phenytoin levels are approximately 10% of the total serum level in treated epileptic patients and in normal subjects after ingestion of a single oral dose. The half time of disappearance of phenytoin after 100 or 300 mg doses is 12.2 +/- 3.0 (SD) h in serum and 12.3 +/- 3.2 (SD) h in saliva. This method of assessing the biologically active fraction of the drug may be particularly valuable in situations where serum protein binding is abnormal or in drug interactions. It is also non-invasive and requires small sample volumes (20mul) and may therefore be valuable in paediatric practice and in pharmacokinetic studies in which multiple venepunctures would otherwise be required.

Adult↗