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Biomedical subjects

R H Gold

Publications and source records attributed to R H Gold.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Radionuclide bone imaging.

Radionuclide bone imaging of the skeleton, now well established as the most important diagnostic procedure in detecting bone metastases, is also a reliable method for the evaluation of the progression or regression of metastatic bone disease. The article concentrates on the technetium-99m agents and the value of these agents in the widespread application of low-dose radioisotope scanning in such bone diseases as metastasis, osteomyelitis, trauma, osteonecrosis, and other abnormal skeletal conditions.

Arthritis↗
PubMed1980

Long-limbed campomelic dwarfism. A radiologic and pathologic study.

Comparison of the roentgenographic and pathologic features of a case of classic, long-limbed campomelic dwarfism with those of previously reported cases leads to the conclusion that the bony abnormalities in this disorder are not due to an intrinsic abnormality of cartilage formation or of osteoblast or osteoclast function. Likewise, no defect in bone collagen, ground substance, or mineralization is evident. The bowing of the long bones may be the result of poorly understood muscular stresses operative in utero. Widespread defects in other organ systems are present, with considerable variation from patient to patient. Phenotypic females with disorder commonly suffer from gonadal dysgenesis. Autosomal recessive inheritance is suggested for a subgroup of these patients, but environmental factors may be causative in some instances.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1980

Pitfalls in mammography: demonstrating deep lesions.

The difficulty of demonstrating lesions near the chest wall is one source of error in mammography. A mediolateral xeroradiograph of the breast which images the chest wall was added to the routine mediolateral and cephalocaudal film-screen projections to minimize this problem. In one case, a posterior breast lesion was detected solely on the xeroradiograph. However, three tumors were demonstrated on the film-screen mediolateral view but not on the chest wall xeroradiographic view. Using the two mediolateral views results in increased detection of malignancies in the posterior mammary tissues.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

Efficacy of combined film-screen/xeromammography: preliminary report.

Mediolateral and craniocaudal film-screen mammograms and a mediolateral noncontact xeromammogram obtained for 53 women with breast cancer were randomly evaluated, alone and in combination, by four mammographers in a blind, randomized fashion. Cancer detection was improved the greater the number of views evaluated. Certain cancers, by virtue of their position in the breast, can be obscured by superimposed dysplastic tissue on one view while being detectable on another which images the breast in a different projection. Some cancers posterolaterally located within the breast may be obscured by the rib cage on the mediolateral noncontact xeromammogram, but may be easily identified on the mediolateral or craniocaudal film-screen mammograms. Other posteriorly situated carcinomas may be projected off the film edge on the mediolateral and craniocaudal film-screen mammograms performed with compression, but may be imaged on the mediolateral noncontact xeromammogram. Xeromammography better images fine detail and microcalcifications, while film-screen mammography permits greater broad-area contrast. A combined film-screen/xeromammographic examination optimizes complementary projections and imaging techniques.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Osteogenic sarcoma after retinoblastoma radiotherapy.

Development of osteogenic sarcoma after retinoblastoma radiotherapy in three patients, two of whom were siblings, is reported. Pluridirectional tomography and plain skull radiography demonstrated soft tissue masses, sinus opacification, and bone destruction and sclerosis in all three patients. Computed tomography reliably indicated the presence or absence of intracranial tumor extension in the two patients in whom it was performed. Radionuclide bone scanning was a useful adjunct for osteosarcomatous detection.

Eye Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

Indications and risk-benefit of mammography.

Mammography has recently undergone a striking improvement in image detail along with a corresponding decrease in radiation exposure. Although the data of the Breast Cancer Detection Demonstration Project is tainted by an absence of a control group of women, the high rate of detection of early cancer by mammography alone in the participants above or below age 50 years implies that mammography is useful in detecting breast cancer before the appearance of a palpable mass. Early diagnosis results in higher survival rates. Mammographers should continuously seek the least radiation exposure consistent with a sharp image. Given present knowledge of its benefit and potential risk, mammography should be performed when a significant suspicion of breast cancer exists at any age, but it should not be performed under age 35 years without such suspicion. A baseline mammogram should be performed in the 35 to 40-year age group. The periodicity of survey mammography in asymptomatic women under 50 years should be determined by analysis of relative risk factors for breast cancer. For asymptomatic women age 50 years and older, periodic screening mammography is sound medical practice.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Mammographic spectrum of traumatic fat necrosis: the fallibility of "pathognomonic" signs of carcinoma.

Five cases are presented which illustrate the spectrum of mammographic features of traumatic fat necrosis. The appearances vary from one indistinguishable from carcinoma to single or multiple lipid-filled cysts with or without calcified walls. Branching, rodlike, or angular microcalcifications associated with fat necrosis may resemble the calcifications associated with carcinoma. A location close to the skin or areola is a clue that the lesion may have resulted from blunt or surgical trauma. A review of these cases leads us to the important conclusion that while breast carcinoma in some cases has characteristic radiographic findings, there are no "pathognomonic" findings.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Radiography of gynecomastia and other disorders of the male breast.

Mammographic features of 22 pathologically proved cases reflecting disorders of the male breast are described. Two patterns of gynecomastia were observed: a dendritic pattern seen in association with breast enlargement for 6 months or more, and a more florid triangular pattern, seen in association with breast enlargement of recent onset. Male breast carcinoma may be distinguished from gynecomastia by its eccentric location, spiculation, and, in some cases, calcification or involvement of the skin and nipple. Benign conditions simulating carcinoma included a case of drug-induced gynecomastia and a case of inflamed inclusion cyst.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Scrotal thermography.

An easily detectable, ipsilateral increase in scrotal infrared emission leading to a difference of at least 2.8 degrees C (5 degrees F) between abnormal and normal sides was recorded in 15 of 18 patients subsequently found to have an intrascrotal tumor, inflammation, or varicocele. It was impossible to distinguish between these disorders on the basis of thermographic findings. In four patients a significant increase in heat was found in the absence of positive physical findings. One had metastasizing seminoma, two had feminizing interstitial cell tumors, and one had varicocele that resulted in depressed spermatogenesis. Hycroceles tended to produce infrared emission equivalent to or less than that of the contralateral normal side.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Multicentric reticulohistiocytosis (lipoid dermato-arthritis). An erosive polyarthritis with distinctive clinical, roentgenographic and pathologic features.

Detailed analysis of the progressive roentgenographic changes found in complete serial skeletal surveys of 2 men with multicentric reticulohistiocytosis (MR) have been correlated with pathologic finds and compared to features preivously reported. The lesions of MR predominate in skin and synovium and result in the following characteristic features: (1) sharply circumscribed, rapidly progressive, strikingly bilaterally symmetric erosions spreading from joint margins to articular surfaces; (2) interphalangeal joint predominance; (3) early and severe atlanto-axial involvement; (4) disproportion between severity of joint destruction and mildness of symptoms; (5) absent or minimal periosteal reaction; (6) absent or disproportionately mild osteoporosis compared to the severity of erosions; and (7) prominent, uncalcified soft tissue nodules. Since arthritis often precedes cutaneous manifestations, careful roentgenologic evaluation may play key role in early diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

UCLA Conference. Diagnosis and treatment of erosive rheumatoid arthritis and other forms of joint destruction.

Single or multiple destruction of joints arises from many causes, ranging from the acute destructive process (usually monarticular) in septic joint disease to the chronic, slowly evolving destruction of cartilage and adjacent bone that occurs in osteoarthritis. Medical treatment of a few of these conditions (including rheumatoid arthritis) is reasonably satisfactory if it is initiated early. On the other hand, surgical procedures are indicated if physical and X-ray examination of the involved joints discloses the presence of a significant destructive process involving both articular cartilage and bone. Several very satisfactory such operative techniques, including synovectomy (in the relatively early phases) and prosthetic joint replacement, have been recently developed. These are especially favorable in destructive disease of the hip, knee, or small joints of the hand. The various differential diagnostic, radiographic medical, and surgical procedures are discussed in some detail in this conference.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗