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Biomedical subjects

R H Frey

Publications and source records attributed to R H Frey.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Effects of middle-ear disease and cleft palate on high-frequency hearing in children.

High-frequency hearing loss in children with cleft palate has been documented recently. The present study was designed to investigate whether hearing loss can result solely as a consequence of middle-ear disease in early life or as a result of cleft palate and its sequelae which include middle-ear disease. Our results demonstrate that auditory functions for test frequencies 250-6 000 Hz were not significantly different among the two investigational groups of children with high incidence of middle-ear disease, and a control group of children with virtually no middle-ear disease. However, for high-frequency thresholds (8 000-20 000 Hz), both groups of children with high incidence of middle-ear disease were statistically different from the control group. Moreover, the children with cleft palate had high-frequency hearing that was statistically similar to that of children with normal orofacial structures and high incidence of middle-ear disease. Middle-ear disease alone, then, is a sufficient condition for loss of high-frequency sensitivity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

A prospective study of high-frequency auditory function in patients receiving oral neomycin.

Orally administered, neomycin is reported to cause ototoxicity rarely. Most reports on hearing loss due to oral neomycin have been case studies. One prospective study of a pediatric sample demonstrated a significant loss of hearing in the frequency range of 2 to 8 kHz in 9 of 17 children. To our knowledge there are no published prospective studies on this type with adult samples and therefore little is known of the true incidence or nature of ototoxicity from oral neomycin. This prospective study presents the results of long-term use of oral neomycin in 30 adult subjects. Hearing sensitivity was serially monitored in the frequency range 250-20,000 Hz. Two of the 30 subjects subsequently revealed ototoxicity. Thus the results of this investigation suggest that clinical use of oral neomycin implies relatively little risk of ototoxicity.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1984

Early detection of cisplatin ototoxicity. Selected case reports.

A recently developed high frequency auditory measurement technique was applied to a sample of patients receiving the antineoplastic agent cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum II (cisplatin [CDDP, DDP]). Ototoxicity as a result of cisplatin administration is well documented. The ability to detect ototoxicity, however, varies with the methods and instrumentation utilized, and the criteria by which ototoxicity is defined. The auditory function of subjects receiving cisplatin for genitourinary tumors and head and neck cancers was serially monitored with conventional audiometry and with a high frequency testing system. Results reveal a high incidence of nonreversible cochlear toxicity with a predilection for involvement of the higher frequencies. Cochlear toxicity was detected earlier with the high frequency evaluation system than with conventional audiometry. The case reports presented are characteristic of the type and magnitude of auditory changes observed.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1982

An investigation of the validity of high-frequency audition.

In this investigation, a masking experiment was utilized to explore the validity of high-frequency audition. Threshold shifts produced by a narrow-band noise with sharp filter slopes and variable center frequency were determined for pure-tone stimuli from 8000 to 14 000 Hz. Subjects were young adults with normal hearing from 250 through 8000 Hz, and with high-frequency thresholds comparable to those obtained in a previously conducted normative survey. After pure-tone thresholds were obtained for each test frequency, a narrow-band masker was presented ipsilateral to the pure-tone stimulus with center frequency equal to the pure tone. The masker was adjusted to an intensity level necessary to shift the pure-tone threshold approximately 17 dB. The center frequency of the masker was then decreased in discrete steps with the pure-tone threshold re-established at each step. The experimental results, as demonstrated by release-from-masking functions, are consistent with the expectation of increased masker effectiveness as the center frequency of the masker approximates the test frequency. The findings of this investigation suggest that responses to high-frequency auditory stimulation are the result of high-frequency perception, and not the perception of some lower frequency distortion process.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

The effects of noise upon human hearing sensitivity from 8000 to 20 000 Hz.

High-frequency (8 to 20 kHz) hearing sensitivity was compared in thirty-six, 20 to 29-year-old military veterans with histories of steady-state or impulsive noise exposure. Threshold shifts were prominent for the steady-state noise subjects from 13 to 20 kHz. Mean thresholds from 8 through 12 kHz were maximally 20 dB poorer than a sample of young adult normals. Audiometric configurations for this group were generally smooth and symmetrical above 8000 Hz. For the impulsive noise group, substantial shifts in sensitivity were seen from 2 to 20 kHz and the high-frequency audiometric configurations were often jagged and/or asymmetrical. The variability of subjects in this group was greater than that seen in the steady-state noise exposed sample. Several case studies are presented to illustrate these characteristics. Measurement of auditory sensitivity from 8 to 20 kHz extends the mapping of basal cochlear function, providing information which often is not predictable from conventional audiometric measurement. This additional information provides for more comprehensive inter- and intra-subject comparison of the degree and extent of threshold changes present.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The effects of impulsive noise upon human hearing sensitivity (8 to 20 kHz).

The effects of impulsive noise exposure upon hearing sensitivity from 8000 to 20000 Hz were determined for a sample of 23 young military veterans. The subjects' histories consisted primarily of major incidents of weapons fire. Based on audiometric configuration, the subject sample was divided in two groups characterized by predominantly unilateral or bilateral shifts in threshold sensitivity. This division was consistent with history information. The main finding was extensive threshold shifts from 8000 to 20000 Hz which was highly individual-specific and unpredictable. High frequency audiometry frequently revealed extensive changes not evident in the 250 through 8000 Hz range.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Effects of steady-state noise upon human hearing sensitivity from 8000 to 20 000 Hz.

Young adults with steady-state noise exposure histories were evaluated with a high frequency (8--20 kHz) test system. High frequency hearing threshold shifts were most prominent from 12-20 kHz and were often highly individual-specific. Good standard range (.25-8 kHz) sensitivity does not assure good hearing above this region. Mild through severe threshold changes may be present. High frequency testing expands monitoring audiometry and has potential special application to hearing conservation programs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

A system for evaluating auditory function from 8000--20 000 Hz.

A system for the measurement of auditory function from 8000--20 000 Hz is described. This system introduces advances in: (a) maximum power output, (b) signal fidelity, and (c) transducer characteristics. Two case studies are presented to illustrate the clinical information gained from the measurement of high-frequency auditory sensitivity, which is not readily apparent in conventional threshold assessment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

2AFC versus standard clinical measurement of high frequency auditory sensitivity (8--20 KC/S).

A two-alternative forced choice (2AFC) psychophysical method of assessment was employed to judge the validity of using a standard clinical test procedure for obtaining thresholds in the frequency region 8--20 kc/s. Close agreement was demonstrated between "same-day" thresholds obtained with a standard clinical test procedure and the 2AFC method, for 6 well trained normal-hearing adults. In addition, close agreement was shown between the 2AFC sensitivity measure and the mean of thresholds obtained at 4 separate times during this investigation with the standard method. The standard clinical test method demonstrated good between-test reliability. It is concluded that a standard clinical test technique is a valid and feasible clinical measurement procedure for this high frequency region.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of aminoglycoside ototoxicity by high-frequency auditory evaluation: selected case studies.

A practical monitoring procedure utilizing frequencies higher than those tested by conventional audiometry for the detection of ototoxicity has the potential for preventing or minimizing irreversible communication deficits in patients receiving aminoglycoside antibiotic therapy. If ototoxicity produced by these drugs could be detected before it progresses to involve the frequencies essential for communication, it might be possible to lower the dose or to change to another antibiotic to prevent a permanently handicapping hearing impairment. From a total of 77 patients monitored by serial audiograms, three case studies illustrate the various types of auditory sensitivity changes observed with high-frequency audiometry. Ototoxicity was generally detected by high-frequency auditory testing before it could be detected by conventional audiometric procedures. These cases demonstrate the utility of monitoring audition at frequencies higher than those tested conventionally in patients receiving aminoglycoside antibiotics.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Reliability of auditory brainstem responses from sequenced high-frequency (> or = 8 kHz) tonebursts.

An auditory brainstem response method is described for evoking responses to 4 high-frequency (8, 10, 12 and 14 kHz) tonebursts in the same amount of time normally required to obtain responses to single tonebursts. Reliability of responses to high-frequency toneburst stimuli presented in the conventional manner (one at a time) has been previously documented. In the present study, high-frequency tonebursts were presented to 20 normal-hearing subjects singly and in a 4-stimulus sequence. The reliability of resulting responses did not differ significantly between single- and multiple-stimulus test conditions. It is concluded that this sequenced-stimulus concept could be developed for use in serial monitoring of individuals receiving ototoxic agents as well as being broadly applicable to clinical situations in which patients cannot or will not respond voluntarily.

Acoustic Stimulation↗