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Biomedical subjects

R H Cormane

Publications and source records attributed to R H Cormane.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

The recruitment of inflammatory cells using the skin-window technique.

The chemotaxis of inflammatory cells induced by the skin-window technique using IgD as cytotaxigen or cytotaxinogen was studied in 16 patients with allergic contact dermatitis. Six patients with leg ulcer served as controls. By means of this method the recruitment of inflammatory cells with receptors for IgD could be shown.

Chemotaxis, Leukocyte↗
PubMed1979

Immunofluorescence studies on eosinophilic granulocytes.

Immunofluorescence techniques were used to find out whether immunoglobulins (Ig) and complement (C3) determinants are present on the membrane of eosinophilic granulocytes in atopic patients and in patients with an allergic contact dermatitis. Normal healthy individuals served as controls. The studies were performed with eosinophilic granulocytes in suspension and in thin cell layers. The demonstration of the presence of cytoplasmic Ig and C3 in eosinophilic granulocytes was carried out in skin specimens taken 20-30 min after injection of the antigen and in specimens taken from positive patch tests 48 h after application of the antigen. No immunoglobulins or C3 determinants could be demonstrated on the membrane of eosinophilic granulocytes in the patients or the healthy controls, when the suspension methods were used. However, in thin cell layers and in skin sections the eosinophilic granulocytes showed a positive fluorescence of the cytoplasm after having been exposed to various conjugates and a FITC solution. It is concluded that the commonly used immunofluorescence techniques tend to give non-specific staining results, most likely due to reactivity of the FITC marker of the conjugates with basic proteins present in the cytoplasm of the eosinophilic granulocyte.

Complement C3↗
PubMed1979

Initial photochemotherapy of psoriasis with orally administered 8-methoxypsoralen and longwave ultraviolet light (PUVA).

One hundred and seven patients with psoriasis underwent initial PUVA therapy. Complete clearance was obtained in 52.3% of the patients, incomplete in 40.2% while 7.5% of the patients did not respond at all. The non-responders to the regular PUVA treatment regime (0.5 mg 8-MOP/kg body-weight) were given an increased 8-MOP (8-methoxypsoralen) dose schedule (0.6 mg 8-MOP/kg body weight) and in 90.9% of these patients their lesions cleared after 35 PUVA exposures. However, a small percentage (9.1%) of the non-responders to the normal dose schedule did not want to continue the increased 8-MOP dose schedule because of persistent nausea. For this reason they were given regular PUVA therapy and they reacted well, but only after fifty-five exposures. Irrespective of the complete or incomplete clearance of psoriasis the patients remained in remission for a mean period of about 5 1/2 months. During the remission period the patients were advised to use a tar preparation or topical corticosteroids in the event of minor exacerbations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Antibodies eluted from lymphoid cell membrane. Occurrence in certain varieties of scleroderma.

By means of acid elution two antibodies could be removed successfully from the circulating lymphocytes of 11 patients with certain varieties of scleroderma. One was specifically directed against nuclear antigen(s) of endothelial cells (NEC) of the dermal blood vessels, and another against nuclear antigen(s) of epidermal basal cells (NBC) of the involved and uninvolved skin of the patients. In two cases of acroscleroderma, the eluates failed to react with either endothelial or basal cells of involved or uninvolved skin. In none of 20 healthy controls involved in this study could an antibody be eluted from the circulating lymphocytes. The aforementioned antibodies do not bind complement in vitro and do occur in the serum of four patients. Circulating antinuclear antibody (speckled type) was detectable in two cases of scleroderma.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1978

Allotransplantation of cultured human skin.

Human skin allografts cultured for approximately 6 weeks on a solid medium were transplanted to non-related human recipients with skin defects of various etiology. Although based on this study no answer could be given to the question whether these grafts survived or were replaced by cells of the recipient, it was observed that in most cases the grafts were not rejected and remained in situ several months up to over a year.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Specific Y chromosome fluorescence in interphase nuclei of epithelial cells in human buccal smears.

A simplified method is described to demonstrate Y chromosome fluorescence in interphase nuclei of epithelial cells in human buccal smears using Quinacrine Mustard. This technique turned out to be efficient in our hands and would be of value in determining the sex chromosomes in the epithelial cells of the skin in cases of allogeneic transplantations from females to males and vice versa to determine the peroid during which the grafts survived.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

Immunofluorescence studies in reactional leprosy with relevance to treatment.

Twenty-three biopsies of skin lesions of patients with various types of leprosy, showing a recent reaction, were examined by means of immunofluorescence (IF) methods. The patients were divided into two groups according to the number of inflammatory cells, staining with various FTC-labelled anti-immunoglobulin antisera, in representative areas of the biopsies. It was found that the presence of these cells was correlated with a good response to thalidomide treatment.

Fluorescent Antibody Technique↗
PubMed1978

Comparative electron microscopic study between Mendes da Costa's disease and recessive epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica.

An electron microscopic study of Mendes da Costa's disease (MCD) has been undertaken to determine whether this disease is a variant of epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica, or should be classified as a separate disease entity. It was shown that in MCD lacunae occur in the lower layers of the epidermis, in the presence of normal anchoring fibrils. In the recessive form of epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica (EBD), however, no lacunae were found in the epidermis, and anchoring fibrils were absent. These findings support the concept that MCD should not be considered as a special form of epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Hereditary congenital hypopigmented and hyperpigmented macules.

Congenital hypomelanotic and hypermelanotic macules traced in three generations of a family suggested autosomal dominant inheritance. Some affected membbers also showed retarded growth and mental deficiency. Light microscopic findings of "splitdopa" preparations of lesional and normal skin were comparable, except that background staining of keratinocytes in dark macules was higher than in control skin. In light macules it was lower. Ultrastructurally, hypomelanotic skin showed small melanosomes (0.3 mu) that occurred in keratinocytes in melanosome complexes. Hypermelanotic skin revealed large melanosomes (0.6 mu) that were singly distributed in keratinocytes. Melanosome size in normal skin averaged 0.4 mu; distribution pattern was mixed. Melanin granules inside keratinocytes were fully melanized. Hyperpigmented, normal and hypopigmented skin of one person had histological features of black oriental and white skin. This clinical picture could well represent a new neurocutaneous syndrome different from tuberous sclerosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Human plasma kallikreins and their inhibition by amidino compounds.

Human plasma kallikreins (EC 3.4.21.8) were purified as three distinct enzyme entities which hydrolyzed arginine esters and were active in releasing kinin from heated human plasma as measured by guinea pig ileum contraction bio-assay. The three enzymatically active fractions were termed as 19 S, 7 S-I and 7 S-II kallikreins. They represented purifications of 262- 2200- and 110-fold, respectively. These enzyme activities showed differences in physicochemical and biochemical properties as it appears from their elution profile on Sephadex G-200 and DEAE-cellulose columns, affinity for substrates and susceptibility of inhibition by various protease inhibitors such as trasylol and soya bean trypsin inhibitor. The data suggest that all these three enzyme preparations were most likely kallikreins. All these three enzymes (19 S, 7 S-I and 7 S-II) were inhibited by a series of amidino compounds competitively. Diamidines consisting of two amidinophenyl residues linked in para position by molecular bridge were comparatively stronger inhibitors of all of three enzymes than those linked in meta position and those having single ring structure. The possibility that some of these amidino compounds might prove to be useful for treatment of disease states where the kallikrein-kinin system plays a role, is discussed.

Amidines↗
PubMed1976

Some properties of proteolysis by polymorphonuclear leukocyte-granule extracts.

The extracts of granules of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes hydrolyzed a variety of proteins including human and bovine hemoglobin, human fibrinogen, human and bovine serum albumin, bovine elastin, and casein. The hydrolysis of all the proteins except fibrinogen and elastin was increased by addition of urea. Various inhibitors of trypsin, kallikrein, plasmin, Clr, Cls, and other proteolytic enzymes had no inhibitory effect. Slight inhibition was observed with polyanethol sulfonate and strong inhibition with normal human serum. Serum of patients with hereditary angioneurotic edema having no functional C1-esterase inhibitor was as effective in inhibiting the proteolysis as normal serum. The inhibitor was localized in 4S fractions of normal serum fractionated on Sephadex G-200. Fractionation of normal serum by ammonium sulfate precipitation, Sephadex G-200 filtration, and CM-Sephadex chromatography did not result in appearance of inhibitory activity in more than one protein peak, suggesting the possibility that only one inhibitor might be responsible. Since all fractions which contained the inhibitor of proteolysis also contained alpha1-antitrypsin, since sera of patients having low alpha1-antitrypsin levels contained less inhibitory activity, and since antibodies against alpha1-antitrypsin reversed the inhibition obtained from normal serum, the inhibition of proteolysis may be attributed to alpha1-antitrypsin.

Angioedema↗