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Biomedical subjects

R Grahame

Publications and source records attributed to R Grahame.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Anti-inflammatory drugs in periarthritis of the shoulder: a double-blind, between-patient study of naproxen versus indomethacin.

Fifty-nine patients were entered into a double-blind, parallel comparison of the efficacy and side-effects of naproxen sodium (825 mg daily) and indomethacin (100 mg daily) in the treatment of periarthritis of the shoulder joint. Assessments were made on entry to the study, at two weeks, and at the end of four weeks when objective and subjective recordings of mobility, loss of function, pain and the presence of absence of side-effects were noted. The two treatment groups were found to be matched for age, sex and duration of disease, and an assessment at the start of the study differed only in respect of the degree of active medial rotation of the shoulder joint and pain. There was an overall improvement from the time of admission to the study in both the naproxen sodium and the indomethacin treatment groups but there was no significant difference between the efficacy of the two groups. One patient from the naproxen sodium group and three patients from the indomethacin group withdrew from the trial because of side-effects which in each case involved the gastro-intestinal tract.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1981

Rubella and juvenile chronic arthritis.

A 9-year-old boy with a clinical illness similar to juvenile rheumatoid arthritis was found to have rubella virus in the synovial fluid. There was complete remission of symptoms after 3 months. The role of rubella virus as a possible possible aetiological agent in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is discussed.

Arthritis, Juvenile↗
PubMed1981

A clinical and echocardiographic study of patients with the hypermobility syndrome.

Three age- and symptom-matched groups of patients with a hypermobility score of 5-9, 3-4, and 0-2 (controls), respectively, were examined for clinical and echocardiographic evidence of mitral valve prolapse and other stigmata of a collagen disorder. Mitral valve prolapse, a reduced upper segment/lower segment mitral ratio, reduced skin thickness, spinal anomalies, and a history of fracture were found to be significantly commoner among the hypermobile patients than the controls. The data suggest that the so-called hypermobility syndrome, far from being a benign locomotor disorder of healthy persons, may be a forme fruste of a hereditary disorder of connective tissue.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Clotrimazole in rheumatoid arthritis.

Forty-seven patients with active rheumatoid arthritis took part in an 8-week controlled study in which clotrimazole was compared with a standard nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent, ketoprofen. Although clotrimazole was shown to be effective in the treatment of the disease and superior to ketoprofen in certain measurements, if was also responsible for a high incidence of adverse effects. Improvement with clotrimazole took place more slowly but was more sustained than with ketoprofen. A significant rise in plasma cortisol and a fall in white cell count was observed in the clotrimazole treated patients.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1980

Preliminary experience with diacetylrhein in the treatment of osteoarthritis.

A single-blind, placebo controlled study was carried out over a 12-week period in 12 patients with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee to assess the effectiveness of 50 mg diacetylrhein per day. The 4 weeks of active treatment were preceded and followed by periods on placebo. Response to treatment as assessed by pain score, walking time and the number of 'rescue' analgesic tablets (paracetamol) consumed showed that 6 patients improved, 4 were unchanged and 2 deteriorated. Improvement was not apparent for several weeks after starting active treatment and remission lasted for 2 weeks to 3 or more months after the drug was withdrawn. The action of diacetylrhein is not yet established, but it does not appear to be related to analgesia or inhibition of prostaglandin synthetase activity. It is considered that further studies of this interesting drug are warranted to determine the most effective dose and duration of treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Benoxaprofen in the treatment of osteoarthritis--a comparison with ibuprofen.

A double-blind within-patient crossover trial compared the new nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agent benoxaprofen with ibuprofen in the treatment of osteoarthritis in 31 patients. Both benoxaprofen (600 mg once daily) and ibuprofen (400 mg qid) improved measurements of pain, stiffness, range of movement, mobility, patient preference, and overall assessment. However, the improvement was statistically significant only for pain at rest and range of knee movement for both drugs and for range of hip movement (N = 8) for ibuprofen. There was no statistically significant difference between treatments with the 2 drugs. Six patients taking benoxaprofen reported skin irritation on exposure to sunlight.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Stress lesions of the lower leg and foot.

Technetium 99 methylene diphosphonate scans were performed on 32 patients with suspected stress fractures. Twenty-six patients had abnormal scans, 13 had abnormal X-rays and on these only nine had either fresh periosteal new bone and/or a fracture line. A logical approach of the use of X-ray and radionuclide techniques in patient management is suggested.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

A comparative trial of benoxaprofen and naproxen.

A double-blind within-patient trial in rheumatoid arthritis comparing the new anti-inflammatory drug benoxaprofen with naproxen is reported. Patients received naproxen 250 mg b.d. for two weeks and benoxaprofen 200 mg b.d. for three weeks. Both drugs demonstrated efficacy. There was no statistically significant difference between them, except for grip strength which favoured naproxen. Side-effects were mild, infrequent and similar for both drugs. Evidence is presented which confirms the long duration of action of benoxaprofen, a fact which may be of clinical significance.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1978

Ketoprofen: double-blind cross-over study with indomethacin administered as a combined suppository/capsule regime in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. A preliminary report.

A double-blind cross-over study is being undertaken in fifty patients with "definite" rheumatoid arthritis, comparing ketoprofen (2-(3-phenylbenzoyl proprionic acid) 75 mg daily orally and 100 mg suppository at night with indomethacin in the same dosage. A pilot study of twenty-four patients has been completed, fifteen having finished the trial. The objective assessment of grip strength and articular index were comparable with the two drugs, but subjective assessment showed that relief of early morning stiffness was better with indomethacin, although pain relief was no different. Evidence so far available shows that ketoprofen is a useful anti-inflammatory analgesic drug which is well tolerated and that the use of a suppository may be helpful in a few patients who find the oral route unacceptable. A larger study is necessary to evaluate finally the use of a combined administration.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1977

Thiopurinol: dose-related effect on urinary oxypurine excretion.

1. The important fact which emerges from these studies both without and with dietary purine supplementation is that thiopurinol dose possess apparent in vivo xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity but the dose must be increased well above therapeutic levels for this effect to manifest. 2. The considerable reduction in total endogenous urinary purine excretion at these high doses substantiates an additional inhibitory effect of thiopurinol on de novo purine synthesis. 3. Thiopurinol, like its analogue allopurinol, is also capable of reducing the absorption of dietary purine administered in the form of guanine in the pig.

Allopurinol↗
PubMed1977

A trial of feprazone in ankylosing spondylitis.

Feprazone, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, was compared with indomethacin in a double-blind cross-over trial in 24 patients with ankylosing spondylitis, over eight weeks. Both regimes caused significant reduction in pain. There were fewer side-effects and more patient preferences with feprazone but these differences did not reach statistical significance.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

A clinical and prospective chromosomal study of yttrium-90 synovectomy.

Yttrium-90 synovectomy resulted in complete resolution of chronic knee synovitis in 40% of a group of 15 patients. These patients would have otherwise required surgical synovectomy. The number of chromosomal aberrations detected in 30 patients after yttrium-90 synovectomy showed a statistically significant increase over the pre-treatment analysis, and, following treatment, chromosomal damage was noted in nine patients who had no damage before treatment. The risk arising from this chromosomal damage is uncertain but, while the long-term implications of the chromosomal aberrations are investigated in those who have already been treated, this therapy should be reserved for the older patient.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗