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Biomedical subjects

R Graf

Publications and source records attributed to R Graf.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Fundamentals of sonographic diagnosis of infant hip dysplasia.

Since 1978 we have examined 3,500 infant hips by ultrasonography. We classified these hips into four basic categories: (a) normal, according to age; (b) delayed ossification (dysplasia); (c) partial dislocation (subluxation); and (d) dislocation (total luxation). Ultrasound provides no exposure to radiation and can differentiate soft tissue much better than radiography. It clearly offers a new tool for infant screening with the potential for widespread application.

Hip↗
PubMed1984

Ultrastructural distribution of glycogen in pancreatic islets of steroid diabetic rats.

In the islets of rat pancreas, steroid diabetes induced by triamcinolon-acetonid led to glycogen infiltration of B cells. Ultracytochemically, glycogen was detected within 24 hours after glucocorticoid administration using the periodic acid-silver proteinate method according to Maxwell (1978). Glycogen was primarily located in the cytoplasm of granulated B cells but could also be detected in the halo of the secretory granules of these cells. The amount of glycogen increased during the course of the 5 day experiment. The A, D, and PP cells were free of glycogen.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Involvement of the spleen by renal angiomyolipoma: metastasis or multicentricity?

Angiomyolipoma has been regarded as a benign renal neoplasm composed of adult fat cells, atypical blood vessels and smooth muscle. We report a case in which a renal angiomyolipoma showed clear evidence of involvement of the spleen and regional lymph nodes. The consensus in the literature suggests that this phenomenon is a manifestation of the multicentric nature of angiomyolipoma, rather than metastasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

New possibilities for the diagnosis of congenital hip joint dislocation by ultrasonography.

Six hundred infant hips were examined with ultrasonography and the findings compared to radiography. Twelve hips were dislocated and could be recognized as such on the sonograms. The development of the acetabular roof can be determined through assessment of the preformed, nonosseous acetabular rim. Consequently, dysplasia of the hip can be recognized early. Ultrasonography does not replace clinical investigation, but it does reduce the need for radiography, reducing the exposure of the child to radiation.

Hip Dislocation, Congenital↗
PubMed1983

Circadian and arousal state influences on thermoregulation in the pigeon.

We report here the characteristics of spinal thermosensitivity in pigeons as a function of arousal state and time of day. At any time in the light-dark (LD) cycle, the thresholds for shivering and panting were lower during non-rapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep than during wakefulness. These thresholds in both awake and sleeping animals were lower during D than during L. The gain of the metabolic response to spinal cooling was nearly the same in wakefulness and NREM sleep. Shivering and panting responses to spinal thermal stimulations were impaired during REM sleep compared with wakefulness and NREM sleep. The results support the idea that central nervous system mechanisms controlling arousal states and circadian rhythmicity have separate and additive influences on temperature regulation in the pigeon.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Effect of the treatment of psoriasis with dithranol in comparison with a combination of dithranol and a corticosteroid].

Symmetric lesions of ten psoriasis patients were treated with anthralin and a combination of anthralin and steroid to compare the effect of these two therapies. After treatment, tissue was excised from the papules. An in vitro double-labeling autoradiography with 3H- and 14C-thymidine was then carried out. The thickness of the epidermis was also measured. The anthralin therapy leads to significantly greater inhibition of proliferation than the combined therapy with steroid. On the other hand, the combined therapy significantly shortens the duration of the S-phase, which is pathologically lengthened in psoriasis patients. The combined therapy also leads to significantly greater thinning of the epidermis.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1982

[What possibilities does sonography of infantile hips offer?].

We report on the possibilities offered by ultrasonography for investigations of the infantile hip. For 4 years investigations of the infantile hip have been carried out in our hospital, for 2 years already as routine examinations. More than 1,000 infantile hips were examined and put to record. Basing on extensive experimental and clinical examinations the possibility to distinguish between the luxated and the non-luxated hip as well as the diagnosis of certain kinds of dysplasia are demonstrated with the aid of examples. If one observes certain criteria, even prognostical statements on the further development of the hip joint are possible. The remarkable advantages of this technique (lack of radiation exposure, repeatability at any time, visualization of non-osseous structures) are being confronted with and opposed to the presently existing disadvantages (intersecting plane pictures only instead of full radiation pictures, presently non-available classification by appropriate parameters). For all that, the ultrasonic compound treatment already offers a genuine enrichment with remarkable advantages concerning the diagnostic possibilities within this special field of orthopaedics.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1981

The ultrasonic image of the acetabular rim in infants. An experimental and clinical investigation.

We report about the possibilities to evaluate the fine structures of the area around the acetabular rim in infants using ultrasound. The identification of the rim within the joint capsule, limbus and cartilagineous preformed acetabular rim is explained by experimental investigations. The clinical use of ultrasound provides a diagnostic method which is painless, non invasive and especially avoids X-ray exposure. It also can be repeated as often as possible. First statements could be made about the above mentioned structures, not visible on the radiograph, according to routine ultrasonic examinations of infantile hip joints, performed to exclude a luxation. We also point out the prognostic value of the cartilagineous acetabular rim demonstrated by ultrasound.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1981

Glycogen in pancreatic islets of steroid diabetic rats. Carbohydrate histochemical detection and localization using an immunocytochemical technique.

In the islets of the rat pancreas, steroid diabetes induced by triamcinolon-acetonid leads to degranulation of the B cells and glycogen infiltration. The glycogen cannot be satisfactorily detected using methods like the chromic acid technique according to Bauer, staining with Best's carmine, or the usually applied periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reaction. Glycogen detection is improved, however, when lead tetraacetate is used in place of periodic acid as oxidizing agent. When combining the carbohydrate detection method with the peroxidase--antiperoxidase (PAP) method used for immunocytochemical detection of the various pancreatic islet hormones, paraffin sections reveal that glycogen is primarily localized in granulated B cells; the degranulated B cells also contain glycogen, though in smaller amounts. In contrast, the islet cells containing somatostatin, glucagon and pancreatic polypeptide are nearly free of glycogen.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Immunocytochemical detection of anti-ACTH reactivity in pancreatic islet cells of normal and steroid diabetic rats.

Morphologically different pancreatic islet cells of the rat reveal immunoreactivity under incubation with anti-ACTH 1-39. In normal rats, anti-ACTH reactivity is detectable predominantly in peripheral, polygonal cells. Paraffin serial section treated alternately with anti-ACTH and anti-glucagon show that the major portion of the anti-ACTH reactivity is localized in A cells. A few A cells, however, lack anti-ACTH reactivity. Anti-ACTH reactivity was also detected in individuals, round-to-oval, occasionally quite large and more centrally situated cells of pancreatic islets. In contrast, islets of steroid diabetic rats reveal a different distribution islets. In contrast, islets of steroid diabetic rats reveal a different distribution of anti-ACTH reactive cells. The number of peripheral reacting cells is greatly reduced; whereas there is an increase in the number of immunoreactive, large, round or polygonal cells, which are distributed throughout the islet. Preliminary investigations indicate that adsorption of ACTH 18-39 and glucagon onto anti-ACTH 1-39 reduces immunoreactivity in normal and steroid diabetic rats, whereas adsorption of ACTH 1-24 does not.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1980

Tubuloampullar structures associated with the endoplasmic reticulum in pancreatic B-cells.

Unusual aggregations of ampullar dilated tubules (tubuloampullar structures, TAS) were observed in pancreatic B-cells of rats and in one case of human malignant insulinoma. The TAS were invariably associated with dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum, but lacked ribosomes. They were frequently seen to be closely associated with the Golgi apparatus. Furthermore, TAS were located mainly in degranulated areas of B-cells.

Animals↗