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R Goswami

Publications and source records attributed to R Goswami.

71 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Search for chromosomal variations among gas-exposed persons in Bhopal.

A chromosomal survey using standard lymphocyte cultures employing different media and G-banding techniques was initiated in 1984. This study became particularly important following the tragic gaseous exposure of the population in Bhopal at midnight on 2 December 1984. We have been able to formulate a chromosomal profile for each person whom we have studied; during 1986-1988, 154 persons were examined twice. Among seemingly normal individuals, as many as 20% might possess some chromosomal abnormality; of these, 50% may develop, at a later date, some kind of pathological complication (such as tumours, recurrent abortion or transmission of defects to their offspring). The people exposed to methyl isocyanate have repeatedly shown Robertsonian translocations, mostly in acrocentric chromosomes 13 and 21. Other types of translocations have been studied among all exposed (53) and normal (101) persons; the involvement of chromosomes 5, 9, 11, 14 and 16 is statistically significant (P = less than 0.001). One of the major clinical symptoms is dyspnoea; we have estimated that almost all seriously dyspnoeic patients have developed at least two categories of chromosomal aberrations, one of which is Robertsonian translocation, in at least 10% metaphases. Our chromosomal survey will be of significance because we are able to identify people with chromosomal aberrations that might be correlated with future pathological consequences of the accident. The "chromosomal load" that can be sustained with an apparently normal phenotype can also be measured.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1989

Comparison of serum and synovial fluid concentrations of beta 2-microglobulin and C reactive protein in relation to clinical disease activity and synovial inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis.

beta 2-Microglobulin and C reactive protein (CPR) were measured in 33 and 57 matched pairs of serum and synovial fluid (SF) respectively, from patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Serum beta 2-microglobulin concentrations were higher than in normal controls and the SF concentration was higher than the serum concentration on 25 of 33 occasions (76%), suggesting a local production of beta 2-microglobulin within the synovial membrane. There was a correlation between serum and SF concentrations of beta 2-microglobulin (r = 0.50). Patients' serum CRP concentrations in 57 samples were higher than in normal controls and were greater than in the matched SFs on 49 of the 57 paired samples (86%). In 18 samples CRP was absent in the SF, suggesting a local consumption or binding within the synovial membrane. Twenty four patients with RA given either sodium aurothiomalate or D-penicillamine for six months showed highly significant clinical improvements accompanied by reductions in serum and SF immunoglobulin concentrations and knee joint suprapatellar pouch synovial membrane T lymphocyte infiltrates. In this group of patients serum CRP, but not beta 2-microglobulin, fell significantly, but there were no significant changes in SF beta 2-microglobulin or CRP. These data suggest that serum and SF beta 2-microglobulin concentrations are not a useful index for determining the therapeutic response to sodium aurothiomalate and D-penicillamine and that serum rather than SF CRP concentrations are more helpful. The persistent raised serum and SF concentrations of beta 2-microglobulin probably reflect synovial inflammatory infiltrates, which are still considerable despite apparent clinical remission.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1985

Effect of unsaturated fatty acids in growth inhibition of some penicillin-resistant and sensitive bacteria.

The growth of two penicillin-resistant Gram-positive bacteria, Bacillus licheniformis (749/C, penicillin G-resistant) and Staphylococcus aureus (metR 18, methicillin-resistant) and one Gram-negative strain, Escherichia coli (cloxacillin-resistant) as well as that of their wild counterparts was inhibited by the long-chain unsaturated fatty acids, linoleic, linolenic and arachidonic acid. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of all the fatty acids were found to be 4-6 micrograms/ml for Staph. aureus (metR 18 & wild), 8-30 micrograms/ml for B. licheniformis (749/C & wild) and 70-90 micrograms/ml for E. coli (cloxacillin-resistant & wild). The inhibitory activity increased as the number of double bonds in the fatty acids increased. In most instances the concentrations of fatty acids required to inhibit the growth of the penicillin-resistant strains were lower than that required for their sensitive counterparts. This inhibition of growth in the presence of fatty acids may be due to an increase in permeability of the membrane as evidenced by the measurement of the leakage of 260 nm absorbing material and fluidity.

Arachidonic Acids↗
PubMed1980

Estrogen receptor based imaging agents. 2. Synthesis and receptor binding affinity of side-chain halogenated hexestrol derivatives.

We have synthesized as potential imaging agents for human breast tumors a series of hexestrol analogues bearing the halogens fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine at the terminus of the hexane chain. The binding affinity of these compounds for the estrogen receptor from uterine tissues forms a monotonically decreasing series, starting at 129% of that of estradiol for the fluoro analogue and decreasing to 60% for the iodo analogue. Such a modest decrease in binding affinity is thought to reflect the preference of the receptor for lipophilic groups and for substituents of moderate steric size at this site, parameters which change in opposite directions in the halogen sequence going from fluorine to iodine. Three estrogenic bis(trifluoromethyl)diphenylethylenes, prepared by DuPont, also showed substantial binding affinities for the estrogen receptor. In terms of ease of radiolabeling and high receptor binding selectivity, the compound that appears to be the most promising candidate for a breast tumor imaging agent in these series is the chain terminal fluorohexestrol.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Receptor-binding radiopharmaceuticals for imaging breast tumors: estrogen-receptor interactions and selectivity of tissue uptake of halogenated estrogen analogs.

Four halogenated estrogen analogs--o-fluorohexestrol, and 1-fluoro-, 1-bromo-, and 1-iodohexestrol--have been prepared and tritium-labeled in high specific activity, to investigate their potential as estrogen-receptor-based agents for imaging breast tumors. These compounds bind with high affinity in vitro to the cytoplasmic uterine estrogen receptor from rat and lamb and sediment as 8S receptor complexes on sucrose gradients. After 1 hr in immature rats, these compounds show high uptake into the uterus, but low uptakes (10--25% of the uterine levels) into most nontarget tissues. The uterine uptake is estrogen specific since it is depressed by excess nonradioactive estradiol. Uptake selectivity is greatest for the fluorohexestrols and decreases for the bromo and iodo compounds. In mature rats bearing DMBA-induced mammary tumors, selective uptake by the uterus and tumors is seen with 1-fluoro[3H4]hexestrol and o-fluoro[3H3]hexestrol. The studies indicate that these four halogenated hexestrols are promising candidates as estrogen-receptor-based agents for the imaging of human breast tumors.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Circadian desynchronization in pulse rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, rectal temperature and urine output in traumatic tetraplegics.

An investigation was undertaken to study the circadian rhythmicity in pulse rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, rectal temperature and urine output in eight traumatic tetraplegics in view of the fact that diurnal rhythmicity in prolactin response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone was absent in such patients. The data, analysed by single cosinor procedure, showed absence of rhythmicity in all five parameters. Analysis of variance also showed no significant difference in these parameters at various time points. Knowledge of the alterations in circadian biology subsequent to cervical spinal cord trauma would provide useful guidelines towards chronotherapy and vocational rehabilitation of tetraplegics besides possible restoration of euchronism by pharmacological means.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Thyrotoxicosis with osteomalacia and proximal myopathy.

A 36 year old lady, presented with symptoms of proximal myopathy was found to have a history of thyrotoxicosis for which she had taken carbimazole irregularly for 1-1/2 years. On admission, clinical signs of thyrotoxicosis were detected and confirmed by estimating serum T3 and T4. Neurological examination revealed generalised wasting, loss of power in the proximal muscles with a myopathy confirmed on EMG. Serum calcium, phosphorous levels, and a 24 hour urine calcium excretion were low. Alkaline phosphatase levels were high. A diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis with osteomalacia was made. The patient improved within 3 weeks of starting carbimazole and vitamin D.

Adult↗