[Herpetic encephalitis: diagnostic value of the polymerase chain reaction in cerebrospinal fluid].
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Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
R González
Publications and source records attributed to R González.
Soybean hydrophobic protein and soybean hull allergy.
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Allergens↗
Long-term results of the artificial urinary sphincter in male patients with neurogenic bladder.
The records of patients who received an artificial urinary sphincter at the University of Minnesota were reviewed. A total of 19 patients fulfilled the following criteria: male gender, neurogenic sphincteric incompetence, no previous surgery on the bladder neck, myelodysplasia and more than 5 years of followup. Mean age at the time of implantation was 8 years, mean age at the last followup was 16.5 years and mean followup was 8 years. At the last followup 16 patients (84.2%) were continent and 3 were expected to regain continence after revision or bladder augmentation. At the last followup 78.9% of the patients were on anticholinergic medications and 73.8% voided by clean intermittent catheterization. A fourth of the patients voided spontaneously. The annual revision rate was 0.2 revisions per patient. Seven patients (36.8%) have undergone or will require bladder augmentation. Upper tract dilatation developed in 2 patients and the function of 1 of 38 renal units at risk was lost. We conclude that the artificial urinary sphincter is an excellent modality for the initial surgical treatment of neurogenic sphincteric incompetence in male patients. Careful patient selection and lifelong surveillance are essential to success and safety.
Adolescent↗
Effect of seromuscular colocystoplasty lined with urothelium and partial detrusorectomy on a new canine model of reduced bladder capacity.
We developed a canine model of reduced bladder capacity by spraying talc on the outer surface of the detrusor after peeling the peritoneum from the bladder. This method was effective to reduce bladder capacity to almost a third of normal and this reduction persisted for the 6-month followup. On this model we performed detrusorectomy (auto-augmentation) and seromuscular colocystoplasty, and compared the results. Following detrusorectomy in talc bladder dogs bladder capacity failed to increase significantly at 3 months and 6 months. In contrast, seromuscular colocystoplasty caused a significant increase in bladder capacity in talc bladder dogs that was sustained for the 6-month followup. We also performed detrusorectomy in dogs with normal bladders and observed a progressive decrease in bladder capacity, which became significant at 6 months. Histology of the bladders after sacrifice revealed that talc induces a desmoplastic reaction around the detrusor that limits bladder distensibility and reduces its capacity. With detrusorectomy the perivesical fibrotic layer induced by talc and the detrusor were effectively removed but a thin layer of fibrosis developed between the bladder mucosa and the peritoneum that may account for the lack of improvement in bladder capacity. Identical observations were made after detrusorectomy in normal bladders. In contrast, following seromuscular colocystoplasty the bladder mucosa was adjacent to the submucosa of the colonic patch without fibrosis, a finding that may account for the restoration of bladder capacity. These experiments confirm previous experimental and clinical observations about seromuscular colocystoplasty, and suggest that it may result in better long-term results than simple auto-augmentation.
Animals↗
[Applications of molecular biology in the wine industry].
Population dynamics of natural and inoculated industrial wine fermentations have been studied by using a simple molecular biology technique based on mitochondrial DNA restriction analysis profile. The predominance of the inoculated strain in the inoculated fermentations is obvious. A genetic transformation system has been developed for an industrial wine yeast strain named T73. By using this technique, different fungal hydrolases in this industrial strain have been expressed. Problems and benefits of the application of recombinant DNA techniques in wine yeast strains are also discussed here.
Fermentation↗
[Congenital myopathy with cores and nemaline rods in one family].
We present a mother and 2 children with congenital myopathy whose clinical signs were facial paresis in all three, and mild involvement of the lower extremities in the mother and one son. All three presented skeletal abnormalities, hypertelorism, arched palate, retraction of the Achilles tendon or short neck. Symptoms were not progressive and muscle biopsies showed central cores and nemaline rods in the mother and only nemaline rods in the 2 sons. The mother also suffered carpal tunnel syndrome, as had other members of the family as the result of autosomal dominant inheritance.
Adolescent↗
[Foscarnet related vulvar ulcers. Description of 2 AIDS patients].
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AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
Transcriptional regulation of the Trichoderma longibrachiatum egl1 gene.
Transcription of the Trichoderma longibrachiatum egl1 gene is induced in the presence of lactose and beta-methylglucoside and repressed by glucose. A DNA fragment containing 722 bp upstream of the ATG codon has been sequenced. The gene has two major transcription start points (20 and 24 nucleotides upstream from the ATG codon) and several transcription termination points (located in a region around 130 nt downstream of the stop codon). Two 6-mer sequences (5'-CTGGAG-3') separated by 16 bp are present in the egl1 gene promoter. These sequences match the Aspergillus nidulans consensus CreA binding site and might be implicated in carbon catabolite repression of egl1 transcription.
Base Sequence↗
Development of a transformation system for Trichoderma longibrachiatum and its use for constructing multicopy transformants for the egl1 gene.
An efficient transformation system for the fungus Trichoderma longibrachiatum has been developed. Transformation was obtained both by electroporation and polyethyleneglycol treatment, using a plasmid carrying the Escherichia coli hygromycin B phosphotransferase gene as a dominant selectable marker. The transformation frequency was 0.5 to 5 transformants/micrograms plasmid DNA. Transformation normally occurred by tandem integration of the transforming DNA. A high percentage of the transformants were mitotically unstable. The efficiency of co-transformation was very high (around 90%), and several co-transformants containing multiple copies of the egl1 gene encoding a beta-(1,4)-endoglucanase were obtained. Some of them secrete increased levels of endoglucanase to the culture medium. In addition, the E. coli lacZ gene was expressed in an active form under control of the Aspergillus nidulans gpdA gene promoter.
Base Sequence↗
Carboplatin treatment induces dose-dependent increases in the frequency of micronuclei in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells.
The effect of various doses (75-300 mg/kg b.w.) of carboplatin on the induction of micronuclei in Ehrlich ascites tumor (EAT) cells was studied. Carboplatin treatment resulted in a dose-dependent increase in the frequency of micronucleated EAT cells. Carboplatin treatment also decreased the mitotic index. The dose-effect curves were linear-quadratic for all the parameters studied. The maximal effect of the drug was obtained in all the treatments after 48 h.
Animals↗
Pressure-induced contraction of the juxtamedullary afferent arterioles in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
1. In the SHR juxtamedullary nephron preparation, the increase of the perfusion pressure from 80 to 160 mmHg increased the diameters of arcuate arteries but produced a pressure-dependent contraction of the afferent arterioles, a response that can account for renal autoregulation. 2. The pressure-induced contractions of the afferent arterioles were abolished by 1 microM nifedipine and by 10 microM furosemide, suggesting that the autoregulatory responses are mainly mediated by tubuloglomerular mechanisms and can be abolished by calcium antagonists.
Animals↗
Recurrent fulminant liver failure caused by hepatitis B virus after liver transplantation.
We report a 44-year-old man who received a liver graft because of fulminant liver failure due to hepatitis B virus. Nine months later a new episode of acute hepatitis B followed a fulminant course and led to another transplantation. The patient died due to invasive aspergillosis and multiorgan failure 3 weeks after the second transplant. This case reveals that hepatitis B virus reinfection may also occur after transplantation in patients with fulminant hepatitis B and under immunosuppression circumstances. Although immunoprophylaxis with hepatitis B hyperimmune globulin may prevent hepatitis B reinfection, it does not guarantee complete protection even in patients presumed to have low risk of reinfection. Finally, this case confirms the high risk of fungal infections in patients with fulminant liver failure and the need to establish early antifungal therapy.
Adult↗
Isolation and partial characterization of allergens from Helianthus annuus (sunflower) pollen.
We have purified four allergens from Helianthus annuus (sunflower) pollen, hereafter named as allergens a, b, c, and d. Under native conditions, allergen a has a mol. mass of 32, allergen b has one of 24, and allergens c and d each have one of 55 kDa. At the least, allergens b, c, and d demonstrate charge heterogeneity, and the electrophoretic mobility of allergens c and d increases when these allergens are deglycosylated with trifluoromethanesulfonic acid. Cross-reactivity among the four allergens and with the whole extract is very high, and each allergen recognizes IgE in a high proportion of patients sensitized to sunflower pollen.
Allergens↗
[Radiofrequency fulguration of accessory pathways].
Between August 1991 and August 1993, 75 patients (42 male) with Wolff Parkinson White syndrome (43 concealed) were subjected to radiofrequency ablation of accessory pathways at our institution. 55 had left, 8 postero septal, 2 anteroseptal and 10 right accessory pathways. A retrograde aortic technique with placement of the ablation catheter in close proximity to the mitral annulus was used for most of the patients with left accessory pathways and for some with posteroseptal pathways. The right, anteroseptal and some posteroseptal pathways were ablated using a right heart approach placing the ablation catheter in the tricuspid annulus. Ablation was successful in 61 patients (81%). One subject developed a fatal cardiac tamponade after a transeptal catheterization and was unrelated to the ablation per se. It is concluded that radiofrequency ablation of accessory pathways is a curative procedure for a great majority of patients with Wolf Parkinson White syndrome.
Adolescent↗
[Application of the high resolution chromosomic technic in patients in high risk of cytogenetic anomalies].
Since the beginning of cytogenetics, there has been a constant improvement of chromosomal culture and banding techniques. In 1976, Yunis described a high chromosomal resolution technique (HRC), that permits the detection of subtle chromosomal abnormalities. The present work, reports the results obtained when HRC was applied to the study of chromosomal abnormalities in patients with high risk of such. The study comprised 434 specimens of venous blood and 182 bone marrow aspirates. The samples were classified according to the presuntive diagnoses. The highest frequency of chromosomal abnormalities, was found in blood samples from patients with physical deformities with or without mental retardation (22.22%), followed by mental retardation autism and/or fragile X chromosome (13.66%), and in couples with reproductive disorders (5.8%). In bone marrow, the most frequent abnormalities corresponded to patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (78.43%), acute lymphocytic leukemia (62.10%), acute myeloide leukemia (61.9%), myelodisplastic syndromes (43.7%) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (14.2%). The present results stress the need to apply the HRC technique when the probability of minute chromosomal abnormalities is high.
Chromosome Aberrations↗
[Multiple pathway tachycardias: electrophysiological properties and fulguration of accessory pathways in 2 cases].
We report two patients (male, 35 and female, 28 years old) with recurrent and refractory tachycardias referred for an electrophysiological study. EKG showed left lateral accessory pathway in both, two tachycardias with identical morphology but with different frequency and activation sequence were detected. One was orthodromic with anterograde conduction by the His-Purkinje budle and retrograde by the accessory pathway and the other with slow nodal anterograde conduction. The accessory pathway was first fulgurated with radiofrequency at the third attempt. Posteriorly, a nodal reentry tachycardia was induced in the first patient and in the second, a double nodal pathway was confirmed. In both, the slow pathway was modified using Jackman's technique, after three and four attempts respectively. After these applications, the induction of tachycardia with programmed atrial or ventricular stimulation, with or without isoproterenol, was not possible. It is concluded that radiofrequency fulguration is a reasonable therapeutic alternative for patients with multiple circuit tachycardias.
Adult↗
[Enalapril reduces the degree of left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction and reduces the incidence of arrhythmia in ischemic disease].
The present study shows that enalapril prevents the excessive remodeling of the left ventricle after acute myocardial infarction. This randomized and double blind clinical study analysed 50 patients with an inferior myocardial infarction. The effect of enalapril was evaluated through cardiac volumes, ejection fraction, neurohormonal levels and incidence of the left ventricle disfunction after acute myocardial infarction. The patients treated with enalapril showed a significant reduction on the values of nor-epinefrine, angiotensine II, natriuretic hormone and vasopressine, four weeks after initiation of treatment. The ejection fraction and the level of the wall movement was more favourable, four weeks after infarction, in the group treated with enalapril. The incidence of congestive heart failure and arrhythmias was lower in the group treated with enalapril. So, we conclude that enalapril is a drug that prevents the excessive remodelling of the left ventricle after an acute myocardial infarction.
Aged↗
Neoplasms of unknown primary site: a clinicopathological study of autopsied patients.
BACKGROUND: Malignant neoplasms of an unknown primary site (NUPS) remain a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge in clinical practice. With this in mind, we have reviewed all autopsies performed in patients with NUPS in a single institution. PATIENTS AND METHODS: By reviewing 1656 autopsies performed on adults in our institution (1974-1990), 43 cases of NUPS were found. (NUPS was defined as histologically proven malignant tumor for which a primary site could not be found after anamnesis, complete physical examination, chest X-ray and routine chemistries.) RESULTS: There were 24 men (56%) and 19 women. Mean age was 62 years (76% of patients were aged 40-75). Clinical presentation included general deterioration (73%), digestive symptoms (58%), liver enlargement (58%) abdominal pain (56%), respiratory symptoms (45%), ascites (26%) and node enlargement (16%). Abnormalities in analysis and image tests were frequent but nonspecific. Median time from admission to death was 42 days (range, 4-135). Pathologic diagnoses at autopsy were: 23 adenocarcinomas (53%), arising from pancreas (6), biliary tree (6), lung (3), prostate (2), stomach (1), kidney (1) and unknown (4); 3 squamous carcinomas (5%) (1 renal pelvis, 1 biliary tree, 1 stomach); 5 undifferentiated carcinomas (1 lung, 4 unknown); and 12 miscellaneous tumors (including 3 lymphomas, 3 neuroendocrine tumors, 3 hepatocarcinomas, 2 mesotheliomas and 1 melanoma). There was a tendency towards a metastatic pattern different from that expected from the primary tumor. Image tests were of little usefulness in the search for the primary tumor. CONCLUSIONS: 1) Adenocarcinomas were the most frequent tumor presenting as NUPS, especially from the pancreas and biliary tree. 2) In this series, at least 11% of patients were amenable to standard systemic therapies (3 lymphomas and 2 prostatic adenocarcinomas) if a correct pathologic diagnosis could have been established when alive. 3) Presenting symptoms and metastatic pattern differed from those expected for the primary neoplasm eventually found. 4) Image tests were often misleading as regards the primary site, although they were useful to quantify the dissemination of the tumor.
Adult↗