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Biomedical subjects

R Gonen

Publications and source records attributed to R Gonen.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Elevated liver enzymes and thrombocytopenia in the third trimester of pregnancy: an unusual case report and a review of the literature.

A woman presented in the third trimester of pregnancy with epigastric pain, elevated liver enzymes, and thrombocytopenia. The frozen-section liver biopsy findings were compatible with acute fatty liver of pregnancy. The light and electron microscopic findings were those of preeclampsia. All clinical and laboratory abnormalities resolved before delivery.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Prenatal sonographic diagnosis of hepatic hemangioendothelioma with secondary nonimmune hydrops fetalis.

A case of fetal hepatic hemangioendothelioma with secondary nonimmune hydrops fetalis is presented. The prenatal diagnosis, made at 27 weeks' gestation by real-time ultrasonography and pulsed Doppler ultrasound, was confirmed by angiography and pulsed Doppler ultrasound, was confirmed by angiography and autopsy after the infant was born 2 weeks later. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of prenatal diagnosis of such an entity.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Does prolonged preterm premature rupture of the membranes predispose to abruptio placentae?

The association between prolonged preterm premature rupture of the membranes and abruptio placentae was investigated in a case-control study. The incidence of abruptio placentae among 143 women with singleton pregnancies at less than 34 weeks' gestation who had ruptured membranes for at least 24 hours was 5.6%, significantly higher than the 1.4% observed among 143 randomly selected controls without preterm rupture of the membranes (P less than .05). Among patients with prolonged preterm premature rupture of the membranes, those who experienced vaginal bleeding before the onset of labor had a significantly higher risk for abruptio placentae than women who did not bleed (24 versus 2.5%; P less than .001). Regardless of the mechanism by which this association is produced, the clinician should be aware of this potential complication, especially in patients who have recurrent bleeding episodes during the period of expectant management.

Abruptio Placentae↗
PubMed1986

Broad spectrum antibiotics as short term prophylaxis for elective abdominal hysterectomy: comparison of mezlocillin, cefazolin and placebo.

A prospective randomized placebo controlled double-blind study was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of short term perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis on patients undergoing elective abdominal hysterectomy. Fifty-two patients received 3 doses of 0.5 g cefazolin, 54 patients received 3 doses of 1 g mezlocillin and 53 patients received placebo. Postoperative infectious morbidity and the rate of pelvic cellulitis were significantly lower in either antibiotic group in comparison to the placebo group, but neither drug proved to be superior in this respect. The fever index was significantly lower in the mezlocillin group in comparison to both cefazolin and placebo groups. It was thus concluded that antibiotic prophylaxis has a beneficial effect on patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy and both drugs--cefazolin and mezlocillin--seem to be equally effective.

Cefazolin↗
PubMed1986

Effect of irrigation or intravenous antibiotic prophylaxis on infectious morbidity at cesarean section.

The efficacy of intraoperative irrigation with cefamandole nafate at cesarean section was evaluated in a prospective, randomized double-blind study. Two hundred and eight patients were treated with antibiotic irrigation and intravenous placebo or with perioperative intravenous cefamandole and irrigated with normal saline. The rate of endometritis was 10.9% in the irrigation group and 14% in the intravenous group, but the difference was not statistically significant. The rate of any infection, the number of days with fever, additional hospitalization days, and number of antibiotics used for treatment were similar in the two groups. It thus was concluded that irrigation with antibiotic is equal but not superior to perioperative intravenous antibiotics.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Short-term prophylactic antibiotic for elective abdominal hysterectomy: how short?

A prospective double-blind study was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of antibiotic prophylaxis on patients undergoing elective abdominal hysterectomy. In the first stage of the study, 116 patients received, on call to the operating room and subsequently 8 and 16 h post-operatively, cefazolin sodium or placebo. In the second stage of the study, 90 patients received the same antibiotics, but treatment was extended to 6 doses, 8 h apart. Of the 53 women who received placebo, 27 (50.9%) became morbid, while only 15 of the 63 (23.8%) who received 24 h prophylaxis were classified as morbid (p less than 0.005). By extending the prophylactic treatment to 48 h further reduction of the morbidity was achieved. Of the 90 patients only 11 (12.2%) became morbid (P less than 0.005). When morbidity rates were compared between different ethnic groups, over-weight and normal weight patients, pre- and post-menopausal women, it was not possible to define a group which is at a higher risk for post-operative morbidity. It was thus concluded that prophylactic antibiotics should be administered routinely to all patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy, preferably for 48 h.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Congenital cardiac fibroma associated with fetal arrhythmia.

A congenital cardiac fibroma presented itself, antenatally by bursts of extrasystoles which were detected by the cardiotocograph during labor. Congenital cardiac tumors are extremely rare. The symptomatology of such tumors consists mainly of hemodynamic disturbances and various arrhythmias. Most of the reported cases were diagnosed in neonates or infants, usually in autopsies, none were diagnosed in utero. It seems logical to assume that some of the arrhythmias may have been present but not diagnosed antepartum. To the best of our knowledge the association of congenital cardiac tumor and fetal arrhythmia (FA) has not been reported yet.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. Improved blood glucose in pregnant diabetics.

The effect of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (c.s.i.i.) on the control of blood-glucose concentration and outcome of pregnancy was assessed in two pregnant diabetics (class B and class C White classification) who were poorly controlled with conventional insulin therapy. The insulin pump was carried in a holster and enabled the patients to ambulate freely. The patients were able to refill the syringe, to augment the infusion rate at mealtime and to change the implantation site of the needle weekly, and thus, were able to leave the hospital. Daily glucose profiles were assessed 1-3 times a week, and the infusion rate was readjusted accordingly. Twenty-four hours glucose profiles were obtained from both patients during inpatient conventional insulin regimens, and then, during c.s.i.i. which was maintained for 41 and 145 days, respectively. Mean 24 hours glucose concentrations were reduced from 156 to 113 mg/100 ml, mean fasting glucose from 152 to 106 mg/100 ml, and mean diurnal variation (maximal excursion) from 75 to 65 mg/100 ml. The favourable results achieved with the c.s.i.i. enabled both patients to reach the 18th week of gestation and to deliver healthy non-macrosomic infants, who had uneventful and morbid-free neonatal periods. Since the c.s.i.i. supplies insulin in a more physiological manner than twice daily regimens, better control of blood sugar and body fuel metabolism may be achieved. By extending the therapy to the early stages of pregnancy, or if possible to pre-conceptional period, reduced perinatal mortality and morbidity may be anticipated.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Corrosion of a new copper-gold or copper-platinum intrauterine device.

It has been shown previously that supplementing plastic intrauterine devices (IUDs) with copper wire enhances the antifertility effect of the device. The use of copper intrauterine contraceptive devices, however, is currently limited to two to three years, mainly because of wire fragmentation, which was observed as early as after eight months of use. In the resulting search for a long-lasting device, two new systems of duplex wire, with gold and platinum cores electrolytically coated with copper, were devised and studied. Initially, duplex wires and controls were exposed to physiological solution. Copper dissolution rate and corrosion morphology were studied by weight-loss measurements and optical metallography. Similar systems were then surgically implanted in rat uteri for varying periods of up to 26 weeks. Electron microanalysis of corrosion products, in addition to weight-loss measurements and metallography, was performed. The results showed that a uniform and ductile copper coating is obtainable by electroplating on gold and platinum wires. Rate of copper dissolution is similar to that of solid copper wire. No dissolution of gold and platinum in the controls or coated wires was detected by weight loss, metallography, or atomic absorption measurements. Microanalysis of the deposits and corrosion products on the wires in the uteri environment showed sulfur, chlorine, and calcium, in addition to copper. The results of this study suggest that supplementing IUDs with copper-coated gold or platinum wires may result in significant prolongation of the life span of the device by preventing uncontrolled loss of copper caused by wire fragmentation.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Hypertensive crisis associated with ritodrine infusion and betamethasone administration in premature labor.

A case is reported of hypertensive crisis associated with treatment of premature labor with intravenous ritodrine hydrochloride and betamethasone. Ritodrine has been in clinical use for over 10 yr in Europe, and recently also in the U.S.A. The drug has proved to be efficient and relatively safe. Yet, a few cases of severe side effects, all related to its effect on the cardiovascular system, have already been reported. The pathophysiology of this episode is unclear, but it is most likely related to the treatment, and should be added to the list of reported side effects of treatment with ritodrine and betamethasone.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Ultrasonic detection of fetal ascites associated with polyhydramnios.

The combination of fetal ascites and polyhydramnios is an uncommon problem that can be detected in utero by sonography. A case is reported where the etiology was found to be generalized cytomegalovirus infection. The differential diagnosis, etiology and diagnostic procedures are discussed. A thorough sonographic study is essential in the diagnosis and evaluation of fetal ascites in utero.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

A copper-based intrauterine device with gold or platinum core: in vitro and in vivo studies.

The use of copper intrauterine contraceptive devices is currently limited to 2-3 years, mainly due to wire fragmentation, which was observed as early as after 8 months of use. In the resulting search for a long-lasting device, two new systems of duplex wire, with gold and platinum cores electrolytically coated with copper, were devised and studied. Initially, duplex wires and controls were exposed to physiological solution. Copper dissolution rate, and corrosion morphology were studied by weight-loss measurements and optical metallography. Similar systems were then surgically implanted in rat uteri for varying periods up to 26 weeks. Electron microanalysis of corrosion products in addition to weight-loss measurements and metallography was performed. The results showed that a uniform and ductile copper coating is obtainable by electroplating on gold and platinum wires. The rate of copper dissolution is similar to that of solid copper wire. No dissolution of gold and platinum in the controls or coated wires was detected by weight loss, metallography or atomic absorption measurements. Microanalysis of the deposits and corrosion products on the wires in the uterine environment showed the presence of compounds containing sulphur, chlorine, calcium and copper. The results of this study suggest that supplementing IUDs with copper-coated gold or platinum wires may result in significant prolongation of the life-span of the device by preventing uncontrolled loss of copper caused by wire fragmentation.

Animals↗