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Biomedical subjects

R Goebel

Publications and source records attributed to R Goebel.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Adhesion molecules in atopic dermatitis: VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 expression is increased in healthy-appearing skin.

In the skin of normal and atopic individuals, the expression of E-selectin (ELAM-1), L-selectin (LECAM-1), P-selectin (CD62), CD31 (PECAM), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and cutaneous lymphocyte antigen (CLA) were compared by immunostaining of skin biopsies which were taken from normal individuals (n = 17), the healthy-appearing skin of patients with atopic dermatitis (n = 10), and their acute (n = 5) and chronic (n = 6) skin lesions. In contrast to ELAM-1, the expression of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 was found to be significantly increased in nonlesional atopic skin in comparison to the skin of normal individuals. Moreover, in contrast to normal skin of healthy individuals, nonlesional atopic skin showed a further increase of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and ELAM-1 when cultured with medium alone. This suggests that certain adhesion molecules are constitutively upregulated in healthy-appearing skin of patients with atopic dermatitis. In addition, atopic skin appears to respond to nonspecific stimuli (such as culture with medium alone) with upregulation of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and ELAM-1. It is suggested that the observed upregulation of adhesion molecules is mediated by the release of cytokines such as interleukin-4 from cells which reside in atopic skin. The question of whether the inherent upregulation of adhesion molecules in atopic skin contributes to the development of Th2 cells, which have been found to predominate in atopic inflammation, has to be further investigated.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1994

Early amniocentesis--a cytogenetic evaluation of over 1500 cases.

We report our cytogenetic experience of 1554 early amniocenteses between weeks 11 and 14 of gestation, of which 44 per cent were performed prior to week 14. The mean culture time was 14.5 days. Karyotyping was successful in 99.7 per cent of cases. In 9.9 per cent of cases, there was pseudomosaicism with a high rate of loss of an X-chromosome and structural aberration of chromosome 1, which may be due to the Chang medium. The mosaic rate was 0.5 per cent. The overall aberration rate was 2.8 per cent. Our data confirm the reliability of early amniocentesis, which is a serious alternative to standard amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling (CVS).

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Early amniocentesis between the 12th-14th week of pregnancy. Clinical experiences with 1,100 cases].

Information is presented on 1100 early amniocenteses between the 12th and 14th week of gestation, performed at the Evangelisches Krankenhaus Oberhausen over a two year period. In all cases, a sufficient amount of amniotic fluid was obtained. In 99.7%, the cytogenetic diagnosis was successful. In 2.6% (29 patients), an aberrant karyotype was found. The time of cultivation was in the same range as can be observed in standard amniocentesis. The AFP-median measurements correlate with other studies. The spontaneous abortion rate was 0.3%. We conclude, that early amniocentesis can be performed safely and successfully by an experienced surgeon between the 12th to 14th week of gestation.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1993

[The use of a hydrolysis residue from lysine production in a straw concentrate mixture for fattening lambs].

The validity of residues from hydrolysis of soya bean meal for production of lysine was tested in a growth experiment with 2 groups of 25 cross breeding lambs as well as in a N-balance trial with 5 lambs. The animals in the growth experiment started with an average body weight of 25 kg. An industrially produced concentrate for lamb fattening was given to the animals of the control group. To the second group a straw-concentrate mixture was given, containing 30% straw, 52% barley, 5% soya bean meal, 5% dried beet pulp and 5% of hydrolysis residue. The mixture included 10.71 MJ ME resp. 5.51 MJ net-energy fat (cattle) and 166 g digestible crude protein per kg dry matter. The lambs of group 2 showed an 8% lower intake of DM, connected with a 26% intake of energy and 32% lower intake of DCP in comparison to the control group. The average daily body weight gain was 374 g for the control group and 241 g for group 2 respectively, the difference being statistically significant. The feed/gain ratio was in group 2 = 14% higher for energy and 6% higher for DCP than in the control group. The N-balance trial resulted in a N-retention of 25 percent of the N-intake. The results approved the possible use of 5% of the hydrolysis residue product for 2% crude protein in straw-concentrate mixtures for ruminants.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1992

Prenatal diagnosis of monosomy 18 and ring chromosome 18 mosaicism.

The case of monosomy 18/ring chromosome 18 mosaicism which was detected prenatally by amniocentesis is presented. The pregnancy was terminated in week 18. Autopsy showed complex malformation of the fetus consisting of cebocephaly, hypotelorism, microphthalmia, severe defects of brain development, and arrest of placental maturation.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[The current role of thoracoplasty in treatment of chronic pleural empyema].

To demonstrate the indication for surgery, the preoperative and postoperative course, and to assess the influence of thoracoplasty on respiratory physiology, the data of patients subjected to thoracoplasty during the past 30 years at our hospital were evaluated. Final assessment was performed separately for patients with and without preceding pulmonary resection. In 21 cases there was an unspecific empyema of the pleura and in 6 cases a specific one; in 14 cases there was also a concomitant bronchopleural fistula. After a washing-out period of 92 days (24-283) and after surgery had been unsuccessful in 9 patients, standard thoracoplasty was performed, complemented by a "jalousie" ("Venetian blind") plasty after Heller. Postoperative lethality was 11.1%. 5 patients developed pleuro-cutaneous fistulas that healed by local treatment; in one patient, a small residual cavity remained that required an additional plasty for correction. In 94% of the patients who had been operated upon, scoliosis occurred convex to the thoracoplasty; this was more marked in patients in whom lung resection had been performed than in patients without resection. Restrictive ventilatory disorders were seen in the lung function of 55% of the patients, whereas mixed restrictive-obstructive disorders occurred in 45%. Ergospirometry resulted under load besides in an increased respiratory minute volume (AMV), in a proportionate dead space of the AMV which was significantly higher than preoperatively. Despite the considerable functional and aesthetic consequences resulting therefrom, thoracoplasty still has its justification in refractory pleura empyemas as an ultimate means of cleaning up.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Designing an outcome-oriented computer decision-support system for cardiovascular ICU--a preliminary report.

This paper describes the conceptual framework and preliminary results of an outcome-oriented decision-support system prototype for the cardiovascular intensive care unit (CVICU). The major characteristics of this design include: (1) its problem-based approach to solving clinical problems; (2) an integrated structure with the hospital information system in terms of its data, model and knowledge bases; (3) proposed alternative modes of interaction that include monitoring and critiquing; (4) and research modules that design, manage, and analyze outcome-based clinical studies. At present, an initial prototype has been implemented on a PC as a set of modules accessible from a main menu. The structural framework of the overall system is fairly well defined but only limited quantitative, statistical and expert knowledge has been captured. The second phase of the project involves porting the prototype to a Unix workstation environment, refining and adding models to the model base, expanding its knowledge bases, reasoning capability, and testing the prototype with actual clinical cases in a real-time fashion.

Alberta↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical experience and possibilities of rapid cytogenetic diagnosis of spontaneous abortions in the routine work load of a gynecology clinic].

The practicability of rapid karyotyping of spontaneous abortions by short-term culturing of chorionic villi is demonstrated in a large clinical study. 836 samples from spontaneous abortions were karyotyped successfully. Pathological findings were found in a rate of 48.8% whereby 54% of these were observed in week 10-11 of pregnancy. With increasing maternal age, the frequency of abnormal karyotypes also increased. Most of the pathological findings were trisomies, followed by polyploidies and monosomies. Correlation between maternal age and the type of aberration was observed. Chromosomal normal abortions were dominated by 46,XX abortions. The advantage of the described method of rapid karyotyping is the fact, that by knowing the karyotype of an abortion, a suitable concept of therapy can be chosen. Furthermore, a quick diagnosis has a positive effect on the psychological state of a patient, following a spontaneous abortion.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1990

Cytogenetic analysis of 750 spontaneous abortions with the direct-preparation method of chorionic villi and its implications for studying genetic causes of pregnancy wastage.

Altogether, 750 cases of spontaneous abortion between the fifth and 25th week of gestation were analyzed cytogenetically by the direct-preparation method using chorionic villi. The majority of cases (68%) were derived from early abortions before the 12th week of gestation. The frequency of abnormal karyotypes was 50.1%; trisomy was predominant (62.1%), followed by triploidy (12.4%), monosomy X (10.5%), tetraploidy (9.2%), and structural chromosome anomalies (4.7%). Among trisomies, chromosomes 16 (21.8%), 22 (17.9%), and 21 (10.0%) were prevalent. The frequency of chromosomally abnormal abortions increased with maternal age but only because of an increase of trisomy. Polyploidy and monosomy X, however, decreased. Mean maternal age was significantly increased for trisomies 16, 21, and 22 and was highest for trisomies 18 and 20. The results obtained are within the range of variability reported earlier from tissue culture-type studies. A consistent feature during our study is the excess of females in chromosomally normal abortions (male:female sex ratio 0.71). According to the methodology applied, maternal cell contamination and undetected 46,XX molar samples cannot have influenced the sex ratio. However, a bias introduced by social status or maternal age cannot be excluded. With the more rapid and convenient direct preparation of chorionic villi, reliable cytogenetic data on causes of spontaneous abortions can be obtained.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1989

Translocation trisomy 21 in CVS not found in embryoblast: three different cell lines in CVS, amnion- and placental culture.

Chorionic villus samples from a healthy pregnant female were obtained for first-trimester prenatal diagnosis. A translocation trisomy 21 was diagnosed. A consecutive amniocentesis revealed a normal male karyotype. At term a healthy boy was born. Cytogenetic analysis from cord blood showed a regular karyotype of 46,XY, whereas in term placenta a pathological karyotype of 47,XY, +mar was found.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The evaluation of free thyroid hormones (FT4 and FT3) in the routine diagnosis of thyroid function.

The validity of the free thyroid hormone parameters (FT4 and FT3) was verified in a random sample of 154 ambulatory patients with thyroid conditions. The "euthyroid range" of FT4 was between 15.67 and 30.66 pmol/l; median 21.98 pmol/l. The distribution of the FT4 readings peaked on the left and sloped to the right (log normal). In our laboratory, the "euthyroid reference range" of FT4 is between 10-28 pmol/l. The "euthyroid range" of FT3 extended from 4.6 to 9.7 pmol/l; median 6.63 pmol/l. The distribution of the readings was likewise log normal. The values of FT4 and FT3 are not significantly influenced by TBG concentration anomalies in otherwise healthy thyroid patients. For purposes of discrimination between euthyroidism and hyperthyroidism, FT3 (95%) and FT4 (90%) are better suited than the corresponding quotients for the free hormone fraction or the total hormone concentrations. On the other hand, the free hormone parameters are less suitable for the diagnosis of hypothyroidism. These results were deduced theoretically from mathematical function analyses between the TBG-independent free hormone parameters and the TBG-dependent hormone concentrations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Influence of calcitonin on serum levels of pancreatic polypeptide in man.

In groups of 8 patients each, the increases in pancreatic polypeptide (hPP) serum level were measured after a protein-rich test-meal; one group received an infusion of 200 IU Salmon-calcitonin for a period of 3 hour while the other group did not. Calcitonin causes a significant inhibition of both the basal and the stimulated hPP serum level. Among the patients who did not receive a calcitonin infusion, the stimulated values after 15 to 120 minutes were significantly higher than the initial values, while patients receiving calcitonin did not show a significant increase. With calcitonin, the area under the secretion curve was 43% smaller. yet, on the basis of our results, the known gastrointestinal effects of calcitonin on pancreas secretion cannot be completely explained by the observed inhibition of hPP secretion.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Total serum and non-conjugated estriol in the 3d trimester of pregnancy. Inter-individual, intra-individual variations during the day and from one day to another. Study of at-risk pregnancies].

It is possible to estimate the daily rate of oestriol production by the fetoplacental unit to monitor pregnancy by radio-immunoassay of the concentrations of unconjugated and total oestriol in the serum. The usefulness of these two parameters was compared by comparing variations from day to day in the same individuals and between them and other individuals, as well as over 24 hours. We think the best choice of test for biochemical monitoring of at-risk pregnancies is the estimation of unconjugated oestriol because there is a lower day to day variation in the same individual as well as throughout the 24 hours.

Adult↗