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Biomedical subjects

R Giunta

Publications and source records attributed to R Giunta.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Accentuated and irregular post-maximal deflection in thromboelastographic tracings: occurrence in various pathologies].

The increased and irregular post-maximal deflection of the two limbs of thromboelastographic traces has been variably interpreted by the Authors who utilize TEG as a global screening test for haemostasis evaluation. These thromboelastographic patterns have been attributed either to enhanced fibrinolytic activity or to raised clot's rectractility or even to incorrect technique. In our study, 1701 TEG's traces carried out in the last five years have been reviewed in order to evaluate the incidence of such patterns in both healthy subjects and in patients affected by different diseases. The data obtained show that such irregular post-maximal deflection's patterns are quite absence in healthy subjects while reaches a statistically significant incidence only in patients affected by diabetes mellitus, obesity or systemic hypertension. The results seem to suggest that the increased and irregular post-maximal TEG deflection is not a simply product of technique's mistake but may represent an useful index of some haemostatic alterations which need further studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Effects of low O2 tension on platelet aggregation].

Several studies in animals suggest a link between haemocoagulative patterns and blood gas changes. Furthermore platelet functions seem to be affected by O2 concentrations. In the present study we have evaluated "in vitro" the effect of low PO2 concentrations on platelet aggregation in man. In 15 normal subjects (mean age 32 +/- 5) platelet aggregation ADP (end conc. 1,25 microM) and collagen induced 2 micrograms/Ml) was determined before and after exposition to low PO2 concentrations (O2 conc. 5,04%). The results show that low PO2 concentrations determine a significant increase (P less than 0,001) of platelet aggregation as compared to controls. Although the mechanism of the direct influence of PO2 concentrations upon human platelet is unclear, this finding suggest new therapeutic approaches in chronic lung obstructive diseases.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1984

P50 values determined by tonometry and by simplified techniques.

Actual determination of the position of the oxygen hemoglobin dissociation curve (P50) was compared to three methods of estimating P50 in 39 patients with various diseases. There was a significant correlation between determined and estimated P50 values (P less than 0,001) for each of the methods studied. The data suggest that calculating P50 is reliable and may replace the need for actual measurement.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Effect of pentoxifylline on the dissociation curve of oxyhemoglobin].

In 9 subjects with peripheral vascular insufficiencies the AA. have studied the behaviour of the oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve before and after pentoxyphilline infusion. After this drug no variations were observed as it regards MCHC, 2-3-DPG and so on; however a positive correlation was found between 2-3-DPG and the Hill number. These results suggest that 2-3-DPG may influence the Hill number (which is the expression of the gradient of the oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve) and therefore may interfere with O2 transport.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

[Thromboelastographic patterns in patients suffering from chronic obstructive lung disease after hyperventilation].

In an our previous study we studied the influence of O2 therapy administration on the thromboelastographic pattern of patients suffering from chronic obstructive lung disease. We showed that basal hypocoagulability of our patients became normal after O2 administration. In this study we refer the thromboelastographic pattern observed in patients suffering from the same disease before and after hyperventilation. We don't find any changes about total coagulability either in patients or in healthy subjects after hyperventilation. Therefore we suggest that the absence of any changes is due to PCO2 and pH variations that occur at the same time of PO2 modification during hyperventilation; PCO2 and pH variations may influence the haemoglobin oxygen affinity and annul the effect of the increase PO2 on the tissue oxygenation. We suppose that the increase of patients suffering from chronic obstructive lung disease, is due to decreased fibrinolysis or to increased production of prostacycline induced by hyperventilation.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[PO2 and PCO2 after nifedipine administered by the sublingual route in hypertensive patients (author's transl)].

The Authors have examined the PO2 and PCO2 of peripheral arterial blood in 10 hypertensive subjects before and after 20 mg of nifedipine administered by sublingual route. A PaO2 decrease and a light increase of PaCO2 were observed; this pattern, if considered together with the increase of CO2 and the decrease of pulmonary resistance, may be attributed to a greater perfusion of those districts having a low V/Q ratio.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Is the common presence of glucose intolerance in old age a reliable index for the subsequent occurrence of fasting hyperglycemia?

The aim of the present study was to verify the validity of diagnostic criteria developed by the NDDG for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in old age. One hundred and fifty-one ambulatory old (range: 66-77 years) subjects (group A) underwent OGTT showing the following results: 33% normal, 12% non-diagnostic, 23% impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), 32% diabetic-type tolerance (DT). In addition, 84 subjects (group B) selected from 1978 to 1982 (42 aged 51-60 years, 30 aged 61-70, and 12 aged 71-80) with abnormalities of glucose tolerance during OGTT (IGT or DT) were asked to control their fasting plasma glucose every month during 1984. In group B a significant correlation between DT and subsequent development of fasting hyperglycemia was observed only in the subjects of the 6th and 7th decades of age. On the contrary, no subjects aged 71-80 years developed fasting hyperglycemia. The authors suggest that a high prevalence of abnormalities in glucose tolerance according to NDDG exists in old age which cannot be considered evidence of a true diabetes mellitus being unpredictive of a progression towards fasting hyperglycemia.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The oxygen-release capacity of red blood cells in insulin-dependent diabetics after artificial pancreas.

Oxygen-release capacity of the red blood cells was investigated in non-acidotic insulin-dependent diabetics before and after the achievement of strict metabolic control with the aid of the artificial pancreas. P50std (oxygen tension at 50% oxygen saturation) values were low in basal condition and returned to normal after the 24-h treatment period. No significant changes were observed in the content of red cell 2,3-diphosphoglycerate nor in the acid-base balance. Only the labile form of glycosylated hemoglobin showed significant decreases after treatment. These results suggest that insulin-dependent diabetics may have a state of relative tissue hypoxia which can be easily overcome by the achievement of strict metabolic control.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Exaggerated orthostatic hypotension as first sign of diabetic autonomic neuropathy in the elderly.

Long-standing diabetic subjects have an impaired sympathetic nervous system activity as a consequence of autonomic neuropathy. Moreover, in this latter group of subjects the parasympathetic rather than the sympathetic nervous system seems firstly impaired by glucose metabolism derangements. In the present study we show that, in aged diabetic subjects with a short duration of the disease (less than 5 years), and who are free from diabetic complications, it is possible to evidence a primary compromise of sympathetic rather than parasympathetic nervous system activity since a greater rate of orthostatic hypotension occurred. In the light of the well-known age-related changes in the physiopathology of cardiovascular activity, we hypothesize that in aged diabetic patients, even after a short duration of disease, sympathetic compromise precedes the derangement of parasympathetic nervous system activity.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Herpes zoster infection and Ogilvie's syndrome in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with hypogammaglobulinemia.

The case of a 43-year-old male with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (stage IV B), and hypo-IgG and IgM, who developed acute colonic pseudo-obstruction or Ogilvie's syndrome during chemotherapy, is presented. The simultaneous occurrence of a unilateral segmental vesicular rash indicative of herpes zoster infection suggests an etiopathogenetic relationship between the colonic pseudo-obstruction and herpetic involvement of the motor celiac sympathetic ganglia. The rapid resolution of the abdominal dilation and the functional recovery from the colonic pseudo-obstruction after anti-viral therapy is also consistent with the diagnostic hypothesis.

Adult↗