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Biomedical subjects

R Gilly

Publications and source records attributed to R Gilly.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

A critical comparison of the history of sudden-death infants and infants hospitalised for near-miss for SIDS.

To determine whether significant historical differences distinguish the near-miss for Sudden Infant Death from the infants who died of SIDS, we analysed the histories and clinical data from two groups of infants seen in our University Hospital and from collaborative research group. The data were obtained with the use of a standardised questionnaire and consultation of all available medical data. Sixty-five infants were identified as near-miss for SIDS after they had suffered a severe cardiorespiratory incident during sleep for which no cause could be found despite a complete medical examination. After an autopsy had failed to reveal a cause for the unexpected death 95 cases of SIDS were retained in the study. A series of 353 variables were collected from the parents, the gynaecologists, neonatologists and attending physicians. After statistical analysis, only 15 of the 353 items studied significantly differentiated between the two groups. A step-wise discriminant analysis performed on these items led to the identification of six independent variables: the time of the incident; the circumstances leading to the observation of the child; the child's sleep position; previous minor intestinal problems; the size of the family and the mother's coffee consumption. Most variables indicate that the near-miss infants were discovered and rescued earlier than the infants who died. No other historical information appeared significantly to differentiate between the two groups of infants. These data need confirmation from a prospective epidemiological survey.

Family Characteristics↗
PubMed1984

Prevention of recurrent febrile convulsions--a randomized therapeutic assay: sodium valproate, phenobarbital and placebo.

The purpose of this study was to compare three different modes of treatment in the prevention of relapses of febrile convulsions (Phenobarbital = PH, Sodium Valproate = SV, Placebo = PO) in a randomized therapeutic trial. The patients included in the study had shown their first generalized convulsive seizure during a bout of fever (greater than or equal to 38.5 degrees C) and were aged between 6 months and 4 years. They were subsequently followed up as outpatients, and Phenobarbital and sodium valproate levels were measured regularly to ascertain compliance with the treatment and to adjust the dosage accordingly. The patients' families were questioned with respect to the occurrence of feverish bouts and convulsive seizures during the interval between visits, as well as possible adverse reactions. An EEG was carried out yearly. Results were as follows: - 69 patients - 35 boys and 34 girls - with an average age of 24 months were divided into 3 groups according to treatment: 21 cases on PH, 22 cases on SV, and 26 cases on PO. - they were followed up for an average duration of 21 months. - the average number of feverish bouts per child and per year was evaluated at 2.5, no statistically significant difference being noticeable between the various modes of prophylaxis. - 15 relapses of febrile seizures were noted in 14 children, over an average duration of 23 months; on average, relapses occurred after 9 months; among the 14 children who had relapsed, one had been treated with SV, 4 with PH and 9 with PO, leading to estimated relapse rates of 4%, 19%, and 35% respectively. There is a statistically significant difference in the relapse rates between the treated groups (SV and PH) and the Placebo group, and a particularly significant difference between Sodium Valproate and Placebo.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1984

[Antibody deficiency without decrease in the level of serum immunoglobulins].

The paper reports the case of a 14 year-old boy, born at full term with intra-uterine growth retardation (1,640 g) who presented with short stature, generalized eczema and recurrent infections. During the first years of life, hypogammaglobulinemia with antibody deficiency occurred. The in vitro T lymphocyte function was normal. The infections have become less severe. The plasma levels of IgA, IgG, IgM and IgE are normal. There is hyperimmunoglobulinemia D. The deficiency of antibodies against most of the tested antigens persists. T and B lymphocyte counts are normal. The in vitro lymphocyte proliferation with Concanavalin A, Phytohemagglutinin, Pokeweed mitogen and Nocardia is normal. The OKT4+ and OKT8+ cell counts are normal. The ratio "helper T cell/suppressive T cell activity" appears to be abnormal. A very prolonged maturation delay, possibly associated with fetal hypotrophy may be hypothesized.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1981

[Theophylline in childhood asthma. Pharmacokinetic and clinical study (author's transl)].

After an intra-venous injection of a single dose (4.24 +/- 0.94 mg/kg) of anhydrous theophylline in 20 children aged 4 to 16 years, the pharmacokinetic characteristics (mean and standard deviation) were as follow: half life (T 1/2 6.06 +/- 2.53; apparent distribution volume (Vd) 0.585 +/- 0.148 l/kg and clearance from the body (Cl) at 0.078 +/- 0.35 l/kg/w. The absorption of anhydrous theophylline syrup, given to 13 children during an exacerbation of their asthma, was consistent, quick and complete. Two hours after a dose of 6 mg/kg, the plasma levels were 11.39 +/- 2.04 mg/litre. On seven occasions, the clinical results were good. The absorption of the tablet form of anhydrous theophylline was more irregular. A prolonged course of treatment in 20 subjects aged 4.5 to 17.2 years confirmed the wide variety of doses required to maintain plasma theophylline levels in the 10 to 20 mg/litre range. The doses required varied from 10 to 22.5 mg/kg/day. The correlation between the actual and calculated needs on the basis of theophylline clearance was poor (due to the bioavailability of the drug and the close dependent character of the clearance). Seven times, the results were good (twice mean theophylline levels below 10 mg/litre). The proposition of good results in this study is less than that reported in the literature.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Activities of enzymes synthesizing catecholamines in areas of the brain stem in sudden infant death].

In victims of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, the activity of phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase was found to decrease in the nucleus retroambigu, the Kolliker-Fuse nucleus and the C 2 area of medulla, whereas a decrease in the dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity was found only in the C 2 area. These results suggest a hypoactivity of adrenergic neurons in respiratory and cardiac centres in the Sudden Infant Death Syndrome.

Adrenergic Fibers↗
PubMed1980

Intracerebral myiasis in a child.

Larvae of Hypoderma bovis accidentally parisitize man. These larvae can penetrate into the brain by a path which remains unknown, causing an intracerebral haematoma and clinical signs. Computerized tomography shows the haematoma, and carotid angiography shows the absence of a vascular malformation, but these examinations do not allow etiological diagnosis. This is suggested by seroimmunological examinations and by the discovery of the larva during the operation. We report findings in a 6 1/4 year old boy.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1979

The pattern of urinary catecholamines and their metabolites in Duchenne myopathy, in relation to disease evolution.

In this report we have tried to determine whether or not catecholamines are involved in the progressive muscular dystrophy. Catecholamines and their metabolites were studied in urines of children with Duchenne disease or other forms of myopathy (limb-girdle and facio-scapulo humeral myopathies). Catecholamine deaminated metabolites were normal in either form of myopathy; in contrast, Duchenne patients, contrarily to other children, eliminated excessive amounts of most amines (catecholamines and methoxylated amines) in relation to age and degree of disease evolution. Our results indicate that catecholamines are not the primary factors involved in the pathogenesis of Duchenne myopathy, but are rather secondary to some disease effects. It is suggested that the high excretion of catecholamines and their methoxylated amine metabolites observed in severely affected Duchenne boys might be related to thermoregulatory process or/and to alterations in some enzymatic systems.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Transplacental infection by lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. Results of a retrospective serological study in France (author's transl)].

A study was made on the presence of antibodies against lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus in 452 children in the Lyon area who had suffered from either a major pathological condition or a congenital malformation at birth. Of 34 cases of congenital hydrocephalus, only one could be definitely attributed to a maternal infection with the virus, occurring between the 5th and 6th months of pregnancy. Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus should thus be added to the list of those which are potentially teratogenic for the human species.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Cystic fibrosis and HLA.

In 94 children suffering from cystic fibrosis, no abnormal frequencies of HLA markers of the A and B locus were observed in comparison with the distribution of these antigens in control series. Furthermore, the HLA genotypes of seven pairs of diseased sibs are incompatible with the hypothesis of a closed linkage between CF--an autosomal recessive transmitted disease--and HLA.

Adolescent↗