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Biomedical subjects

R Gianotti

Publications and source records attributed to R Gianotti.

60 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Continuous non-contact corneal pachymetry with a high speed reflectometer.

PURPOSE: We developed an instrument that permits non-contact, continuous, high speed and high precision monitoring of corneal thickness and tested the stability and reproducibility of measurements made over extended time periods and under various conditions of low surface reflectivity encountered during protracted exposure of the unmoistened corneal surface to ambient air. METHODS: The optical pachymeter (basic component of a broad-band, all-fiber Michelson interferometer) was used to monitor changes in the central corneal thickness of enucleated porcine eyes. Measurements were performed on three groups of eight eyes, each with different surface characteristics: intact epithelium, mechanically abraded epithelium, and 90 microm excimer laser keratectomy. Corneal thickness was monitored continuously with values recorded every 2 to 3 minutes for periods up to 1 hour in the absence of surface rinsing. RESULTS: The thicknesses of all unmoistened corneas could be monitored with a precision of 1 microm (ascertained using a calibration glass plate and a living human cornea) over the entire observation period. Under ambient air conditions, deturgescence occurred in each case, and ranged from 1 to 5 microm/min. The rate of corneal thinning was fairly constant during the first 15 minutes of monitoring, but was nonlinear thereafter. Corneas with an intact epithelium had the lowest thinning rate with only 10% of the original thickness lost during the course of 1 hour. Deturgescence increased to 25% in corneas that had mechanical removal of the epithelium and to 28.5% in those that had an anterior excimer laser keratectomy, during a similar time-period. CONCLUSION: With this new interferometric method, continuous, non-contact measurement of corneal thickness is possible to within a precision of 1 microm for periods up to 1 hour, even under the modified surface conditions after photoablative keratectomy. This device may be useful for on-line monitoring of ablation depths during such procedures.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Henoch-Schönlein syndrome associated with human Parvovirus B19 primary infection.

We report a case of Henoch-Schönlein syndrome associated with human Parvovirus B19 primary infection. The patient, a 27-year-old Filipino woman, presented with an erythemato-papular-purpuric eruption localized to the lower limbs. General symptoms and signs included fever, hypotension, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, inguinal lymphadenopathy and polyarthralgia. Laboratory examinations showed leukocytosis, increase in total serum IgA, proteinuria and haematuria. Circulating IgA immune complexes were also present. The ELISA test for anti-human Parvovirus B19 IgM was positive. Histopathological examination revealed a leukocytoclastic vasculitis. This case confirms that also in adult patients, Henoch-Schönlein syndrome may be associated with human Parvovirus B19 infection.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Efficacy of the popliteal to distal bypass in salvage of the ischemic diabetic foot].

Foot revascularization by popliteal-to-distal by-pass is a well documented procedure for limb salvage in diabetic patients. The authors report their experience with a consecutive series of 5 ischemic feet [transcutaneous oxygen (PtO2): 6 +/- 5.6 mmHg] due to extensive tibial artery occlusive disease beginning at the popliteal artery trifurcation. Limb salvage was achieved by popliteal-to-anterior tibial bypass (1 case) and popliteal-to-dorsalis pedis artery by-pass with autogenous inverted saphenous vein. No operative death was observed. At follow-up (range 3-34 months) one patient died at 3 months after surgery because of an intestinal bleeding. All 4 remaining by-passes are well functioning [PtcO2 46 +/- 11.2 mmHg) and all patients have resumed their normal walking distance. This preliminary experience, and a review of the literature, confirm the validity of the popliteal-to-distal by-pass and the need for more aggressive vascular surgical attitude to treat the ischemic diabetic foot.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Localized fibroma: a rare tumor of pleural origin].

Localized fibroma represents a rare entity arising from the pleura. Currently its histogenesis and clinical behaviour are still controversial. A case of a 64-year-old male is here presented; clinical and histopathological features are then discussed on the basis of a review of the Literature. At present, an en-bloc resection of the tumor, including wide margins of the surrounding lung tissue, seems to be the most appropriate surgical choice.

Adult↗