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Biomedical subjects

R Gianotti

Publications and source records attributed to R Gianotti.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Simultaneous occurrence of multiple trichoblastomas and steatocystoma multiplex.

We present a 55-year old man who, since age 21, progressively developed multiple papules and nodules on the face and upper trunk. Light microscopic examination of some of the neoplasms showed trichoblastomas, while others had histopathological features of trichoepithelioma and steatocystoma. Simultaneous occurrence of multiple trichoblastomas/trichoepitheliomas and steatocystomas, not reported previously, could represent multiple neoplasms involving differentiation toward different components of the folliculosebaceous unit.

Cysts↗
PubMed1997

Clear cell hidradenoma associated with the folliculo-sebaceous-apocrine unit. Histologic study of five cases.

Hidradenomas are benign adnexal neoplasms of uncertain derivation. Although most investigators traditionally have considered these neoplasms to exhibit eccrine differentiation, with only occasional reports supporting apocrine derivation, subdivision of hidradenomas into two groups was recently suggested: those with eccrine differentiation (or poroid hidradenomas) and those exhibiting apocrine differentiation (or clear cell hidradenomas). We have observed five cases of clear cell hidradenomas manifesting unquestionable apocrine characteristics excised from sites other than the axilla, and displaying continuity with the epidermis through follicles. Because of the common embryologic derivation of apocrine glands, sebaceous glands, and hair follicles, and their histologic integration as the folliculo-sebaceous-apocrine unit, these findings suggest a possible origin of certain apocrine hidradenomas from pluripotential germinative cells present in follicles.

Acrospiroma↗
PubMed1997

Multiple apocrine hidrocystomas of the eyelids.

We report a patient with multiple apocrine hidrocystoma (cystadenoma) which was characterized by bilateral distribution of the lesions on the eyelids. The disease is benign, but it may be a marker of two rare inherited disorders, the Schöpf-Schulz-Passarge syndrome and a peculiar form of focal dermal hypoplasia.

Eyelid Neoplasms↗
PubMed1997

Clinical review of 247 case records of Spitz nevus (epithelioid cell and/or spindle cell nevus).

BACKGROUND: Spitz nevus has clinically been described as a dome-shaped usually nonpigmented papular or nodular lesion variable in color from pink to red. OBJECTIVES: To give an exhaustive description of the clinical features of the Spitz nevus from a large series of 247 patients. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of the clinical features of 247 Spitz nevi excised from 1974 to 1993 has been performed. We evaluated the following features: age, sex, anatomical location, clinical and histopathologic features; descriptive statistics were calculated and relationships among the above variables were assessed. RESULTS: Most lesions were pigmented (71.7%), located on the lower extremities (43.3%), more frequent in the first decade (55.8%) and in females (57.9%). The nonpigmented type was more frequent in the head or neck region, whereas the pigmented types were more frequent on the lower extremities. Besides, these types showed different histopathologic features: the spindle cells usually predominated in the flat pigmented type, whereas dome-shaped types were usually composed of both spindle and epithelioid cells. CONCLUSIONS: In our patients, the pigmented Spitz nevi were more common than the nonpigmented ones; furthermore pigmented and nonpigmented Spitz nevi showed different anatomical locations and different histopathologic features.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Bullous scabies.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Psoriasiform and sclerodermoid dermatitis of the fingers with apparent shortening of the nail plate: a distinct entity?

A Caucasian boy, born to unrelated parents, and with no family history of psoriasis or atopy, developed chronic psoriasiform dermatitis on the palmar surface of the fingers when he was a year old. At the age of 6, the dorsal surface acquired a sclerodermoid appearance and the nail plates appeared to be shortened. The disease was unsuccessfully treated topically with emollients, keratolytic agents and corticosteroids. At the age of 9, when he was hospitalized, finger motility was limited and painful, and movements of the hands were impaired. The feet were normal. All the investigations were within normal limits. Histology of a biopsy revealed parakeratosis, acanthosis with papillomatosis, exocytosis and spongiosis. He was treated with a new oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, nimesulide (100 mg/day for 20 days, and then 50 mg/day for 20 days), and emollients. Marked improvement, and restoration of finger motility, were achieved after the first month of treatment; the nail plates reappeared because of regression of the eponychium.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗
PubMed1996

High-precision, high-speed measurement of excimer laser keratectomies with a new optical pachymeter.

In excimer-laser photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) the depth of the stromal tissue ablation is calculated from calibration and empirical data but is not actually measured, since a noncontact high-precision instrument for the measurement of the actual ablation has not been available. With a newly developed method for optical pachymetry we studied the depth of corneal ablations performed with an excimer laser. The excimer laser (Schwind Keratom) was calibrated according to the manufacturers' instructions. On freshly enucleated pig eyes, planokeratectomies with a diameter of 5 mm and a planned depth of 20, 40, 80, 160, and 320 microns were performed. With a newly developed high-precision, high-speed reflectometer the corneal thickness was measured immediately before and after the keratectomy. All ablations were deeper than expected. For a planned keratectomy of 20 microns we found a mean ablation depth of 29 microns; for 40 microns, a mean depth of 51 microns; for 80 microns, a mean depth of 100 microns; for 160 microns, a mean depth of 200 microns; and for 320 microns, a mean depth of 396 microns. The differences between mean and maximal ablation values were 58.6% at the 20-micron setting, 40.9% at the 40-micron setting, 20.1% at the 80-micron setting, 11.5% at the 160-micron and 9.8% at the 320-micron setting. Ablation rates showed the highest degree of variation in the 20-micron ablation group. Absolute variations in the ablation depth increased with ablation depth. In photorefractive procedures the volume of the tissue ablated is calculated from the instrument calibration but is not actually measured. Although the greater than expected ablation depths may in part be explained by differences between human and porcine tissue, the high degree of variability in the laser ablations may have other causes. We suggest that variations in the postoperative refractive results of PRK, which are currently attributed to variations in corneal would healing, may in part be due to variations in ablation depth.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Acral persistent papular mucinosis in two sisters.

We describe two young sisters with an asymptomatic papular eruption on the forearms, the clinical, histopathological and ultrastructural features of which were consistent with acral persistent papular mucinosis. Familial occurrence of this uncommon disease is exceptional.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Lichen striatus--a chameleon: an histopathological and immunohistological study of forty-one cases.

Lichen striatus (LS) is an uncommon dermatosis that generally affects children. The histopathology of LS often shows a polymorphic epidermal reaction process of variable lichenoid and spongiotic changes having no specific histopathological criteria or simulating other diseases. In the present study, we have evaluated the histopathological features of 41 biopsy specimens and the immunohistochemical aspects of 10 cases of LS. In 50% of the cases, we found histopathological and immunopathological features constantly present and allowing a correct diagnosis. In 9 cases, the histopathology was not specific, and in 10 cases, a clear differentiation from other diseases was not possible. Immunohistochemical study demonstrated a CD3+ T-lymphocytic infiltration in which CD8+ cells surrounded necrotic keratinocytes and intraepidermal vesicles filled with Langerhans cells. These findings seem to corroborate the hypothesis that a somatic mutation of a keratinocytic clone could induce an autoimmune response of the host.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1995

The various clinical patterns of xanthoma disseminatum. Considerations on seven cases and review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: Xanthoma disseminatum (XD) is a rare mucocutaneous xanthoma nowadays classified as a benign non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis. OBJECTIVE: We studied 7 cases of XD with a long follow-up and reviewed the literature in order to compare and discuss previous reports. METHODS: We studied clinical manifestations, course, histopathologic, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical findings of 7 cases of XD followed for 1-20 years. RESULTS: We report our findings and compare our cases with those described in the literature. CONCLUSIONS: XD and Langerhans cell histiocytosis were distinguished by clinical differences, as well as ultrastructural and immunohistochemical methods. Three clinical patterns of XD appeared to emerge in our group of patients and in the cases reviewed from the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Malignant proliferating onycholemmal cyst.

A slowly growing malignant tumor of the nail unit in a 74-year-old female is reported. At light microscopy, the tumor was composed of small keratinous cysts with abrupt central keratinization, and of solid nests and strands of atypical keratinocytes filling the dermis and penetrating the phalangeal bone. In our view, this can be regarded as the malignant analog of the keratin cysts arising from the nail bed epithelium, as first reported by Samman in 1959. Since, according to several authors, the nail bed epithelium is comparable to the outer root sheath of the follicle and since the reported tumor showed some analogies with malignant proliferative trichilemmal cyst, it is suggested that this new entity be designated as malignant proliferating onycholemmal cyst.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Gastric angiodysplasia: a rare cause of bleeding from the upper digestive tract].

Two cases of bleeding gastric angiodysplasia treated with a different approach, on the basis of the endoscopic features, are reported. Arteriovenous malformations may arise from any site of the digestive tract: gastric angiodysplasia represents one of the less frequent localizations, causing 2-5% of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Several diagnostic tools are currently available and the choice of the most appropriate therapeutic strategy depends on many features: site and number of the lesions, patient's hemodynamic conditions, endoscopic skill. Surgery is preferred only when multiple and disseminated lesions within the gastric wall occur or when endoscopic approach fails.

Angiodysplasia↗
PubMed1993

Primary cutaneous CD30-positive large cell lymphoma: definition of a new type of cutaneous lymphoma with a favorable prognosis. A European Multicenter Study of 47 patients.

BACKGROUND: CD30 (Ki-1)-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (LCL) has been described as a morphologically distinct group of LCL that generally are associated with a poor prognosis. Recent studies indicate that these lymphomas, when confined to the skin, have a favorable prognosis. However, there is no consensus regarding the definition of these primary cutaneous CD30-positive LCL. Reported patients have been selected variously on the basis of morphologic (anaplastic cytology) or immunophenotypical (expression of CD30 antigen) criteria. METHODS: At two recent workshops aimed to achieve consensus on the definition and terminology of these lymphomas, the clinical, histologic, and immunophenotypical data of 47 patients with primary cutaneous CD30-positive LCL from five collaborating European centers were analyzed. RESULTS: Characteristic clinical features were presentation with solitary or localized skin lesions (42 of 47 patients), frequent cutaneous relapses (15 patients), and partial or complete spontaneous remission of skin lesions (11 patients). Twelve of 47 (25%) patients developed extracutaneous disease. The favorable prognosis of these lymphomas is indicated by the follow-up data that show that 36 of 47 patients are alive and in complete remission, only four disease-related deaths have occurred, and the overall median survival is 42 months (range, 2-130 months). There were no differences in clinical presentation, course, or prognosis between anaplastic and nonanaplastic CD30-positive LCL. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that primary cutaneous CD30-positive LCL, regardless of their morphologic classification (anaplastic or nonanaplastic) can be considered as a distinct type of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Recognition of this type of cutaneous lymphoma is important because it may prevent patients from unnecessary aggressive treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Spiralled variant of syringomatous carcinoma.

Carcinomas with eccrine differentiation include a complex group of tumors with many different histopathological subtypes. Most of these tumors share some histopathological features, namely, horn cysts and dermal tubular structures. In this work we describe an eccrine carcinoma with a peculiar spiralled pattern suggesting acrosyringeal differentiation.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Benign cephalic histiocytosis: a distinct entity or a part of a wide spectrum of histiocytic proliferative disorders of children? A histopathological study.

When benign cephalic histiocytosis (BCH) was described for the first time in 1971, it was considered a nosologic entity due to its peculiar clinical presentation, but in the last few years its individuality has been questioned because of histopathological features overlapping with other non-X histiocytoses such as generalized eruptive histiocytosis (GEH). To solve this question, we examined with light microscopy using blinded technique 18 biopsy specimens obtained from 14 patients affected by BCH in comparison with 4 biopsies of GEH, 11 biopsies of papular xanthoma, and 25 biopsies of juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) of childhood. In the examined specimens, we identified three distinct patterns of proliferation of histiocytes we named "papillary dermal," "lichenoid," and "diffuse." With the exception of some peculiar histopathological features of BCH, observed only in the "papillary dermal pattern," a close histological relationship was observed among BCH, GEH, and JXG early nonxanthomatous stage. Our data suggest that BCH might be a localized form of GEH or an aborted phase of JXG.

Cell Nucleolus↗
PubMed1992

Morphometric study of primary cutaneous germinal center cell lymphomas.

BACKGROUND: Primary cutaneous germinal center cell lymphomas (PCGCCL) are B-cell neoplasias; most are mixed cell type, composed of small and large cleaved cells and large noncleaved cells (centrocytes and centroblasts). Because of the significant pleomorphism of the cells, which ranged in size from small elements with indented nuclei to larger ones with multilobulated vesiculous nuclei, histopathologic examination of PCGCCL of mixed cell type has the worst degree of histologic interobserver reproducibility. METHODS: In this study, the authors determined whether the light microscopic morphologic classification criteria applied in quantifying cleaved and noncleaved cells in these lymphomas are substantiated by morphometric analysis and have good reproducibility in differentiating the various cell subsets. They used an image analyzer (IBAS 2000, Zeiss Kontron, Munich, Germany) to study 17 centroblastic/centrocytic and centroblastic follicular and/or diffuse primary cutaneous lymphomas. RESULTS: The data obtained showed morphometric differences between the follicular and diffuse patterns of neoplastic cells. In follicular neoplasms, the cells tend to be smaller, more cleaved, and more monomorphic than those observed in the diffuse forms. In all the follicular and diffuse cases, the authors observed a unimodal population with a wide peak composed of cells with intermediate morphometric features that cannot be labeled properly. CONCLUSIONS: These data underline the considerable overlap of nuclear parameters of lymphocytes between the subtypes of cells in cutaneous mixed small and large cell lymphoma, making the Kiel classification and Working Formulation unsuitable for this kind of neoplasia and supporting revision of classification criteria in cutaneous germinal center cell lymphomas.

Adult↗