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Biomedical subjects

R G Shulman

Publications and source records attributed to R G Shulman.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources

Spin delocalization in retinals.

A 220-MHz proton nuclear magnetic resonance study of the binding of Ni(II) and Co(II) acetylacetonates to retinyl-N-methyl Schiff's bases is presented. The study has yielded the magnitude and sign of spin densities at the carbon atoms in the pi system of the 9-cis, 13-cis, and all trans isomers. From a comparison of the experimental results with molecular orbital calculations, a mechanism for transfer of spin from the metal to the retinyl Schiff's base and its subsequent delocalization down the polyene chain is provided.

Chemical Phenomena↗

Proton nuclear magnetic resonance studies of myoglobin in H2O.

Exchangeable hydrogens in proteins can be identified by comparison of nuclear magnetic resonance spectra obtained in H(2)O and in D(2)O. In oxymyoglobin and myoglobin we have been able to observe resonances of the NH protons of the two tryptophans, as well as one resonance from arginine and one from histidine in the range -10 to -15 ppm downfield from 3-(trimethylsilyl)propanesulfonic acid (sodium salt). These resonances have been identified by chemical modifications coupled with considerations of crystallographic structure and the dependence of the resonances on the species (sperm whale, porpoise, horse) from which the myglobin was obtained and on spin, pH, and temperature.

Animals↗

Proton magnetic resonance studies of porphyrin iron (3) cyanides.

The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra at 220 Mc of cyanodeuteroporphyrin IX dimethyl ester iron (III), cyanoprotoporphyrin IX diethyl ester iron (III), and cyanoprotoporphyrin IX iron (III) in a mixed solvent of 80 per cent d(5)-pyridine and 20 per cent D(2)O have been measured. The resonances are assigned and, except for the ester alkoxy groups, are shown to be shifted by temperature-dependent hyperfine interactions with Fe (III). From the experiments, upper limits are placed upon the pseudocontact contributions, and values of the contact interactions are derived. Spin densities in carbon pi-orbitals are calculated from the contact shifts and discussed in terms of preliminary Hückel calculations.

Chemical Phenomena↗

Nuclear magnetic resonances of reconstituted myoglobins.

In proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of paramagnetic heme proteins, the resonances of the heme groups are shifted away from those of the many hundred protons of the polypeptide chains by interactions with the unpaired electrons and are therefore well resolved at 220 Mc. This paper describes experiments from which these resolved resonances are assigned to specific protons of the heme group in cyanoferrimyoglobin.From a comparison with the proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of reconstituted cyanoferrimyoglobins and the corresponding cyanoporphyrin iron (III) complexes, the following groups of heme-protons have been assigned to specific resonances in the NMR spectrum of native cyanoferrimyoglobin: the four ring methyls, the four meso protons, the two -CH groups of the vinyls, and the four methylenes of the propionate side chains. Two resonances of intensity one proton have been assigned to the proximal histidyl residue. The only heme protons whose resonances were not observed are the [unk]CH(2) groups of the vinyl groups which are probably buried in the bulk spectrum of the polypeptide chain. The present data indicate that the protein environment is more important in determining the distribution of unpaired electron density in the heme group than are the heme substituents.

Animals↗

Proton magnetic resonance of transfer RNA.

The temperature dependence of the areas under the proton magnetic resonance spectra of unfractionated yeast transfer RNA in 1.0 molar NaCl is a consequence of salt-induced aggregation and does not constitute a monitor of the melting of secondary molecular structure. Such melting can be observed by following the widths of the resonances in the various regions of the spectra. Peaks attributable to dihydrouracil and the methyl groups of the methylated bases are detected in the spectra of unfractionated transfer RNA and alanine transfer RNA.

Chemical Phenomena↗