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Biomedical subjects

R G Newman

Publications and source records attributed to R G Newman.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Masking by internally generated noise and protection by middle ear muscle activity.

Gross auditory nerve action potentials to high-frequency clicks were recorded bilaterally from awake cats with unilaterally tenotomized middle ear muscles (MEM) during eating and during control quiet periods. Masking by internally generated noise associated with eating increased with decreases in click intensity, but did not differ in ears with intact and tenotomized MEM. Under the conditions of this study, non-reflex MEM activity does not appear to provide protection against masking by internally generated noise.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1982

The Intra Ocular Cutter.

Inappropriate infusion, either suprachoroidal or subretinal massive intraocular haemorrhage and inadvertent tearing or nibbling of the retina, are problems which may be induced iatrogenically during vitrectomy. Familiarity with the mechanical principles of each type of vitrectomy instrument will serve to minimise such hazards. This paper presents the special features of our newest generation intra Ocular Cutter (I.O.C.) in its two modes: (1) the fully integrated, electronically controlled, automatic unit with surgical stand and tray; (2) the Standby I.O.C., which is battery operated with simple hand suction. Particular stress is laid on the economy of ocular perfusion which may be achieved with informed use of these instruments.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

Double-blind comparison of methadone and placebo maintenance treatments of narcotic addicts in Hong Kong.

In a double-blind study carried out between 1972 and 1975 in Hong Kong 100 heroin addict volunteers were initially admitted to hospital for two weeks for stabilisation on 60 mg of methadone before being assigned at random to two groups: one group received methadone (range 30--130 mg, average 97 mg/day); those in the other group had their dose of methadone reduced at the rate of 1 mg/day and were then maintained on placebo. All subjects were provided with a broad range of supportive services. After thirty-two weeks 10% of the controls were still on treatment, compared with 76% of those receiving methadone. At the end of the three-year project, only 1 of the original 50 placebo subjects still turned up for treatment (2%), whereas the retention-rate (proportion still on treatment) for methadone subjects was 56%. Subjects who had dropped out of the study and were readmitted for methadone treatment under known conditions had the same retention-rate as the original treatment group.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

The epidemiological approach to drug abuse: its relevance to the teaching of future professionals.

In most areas of the medical curriculum it is far more important to teach students the approach to problems, rather than to encourage rote learning of the specific diagnostic and therapeutic regimen indicated in every conceivable circumstance. This is especially true in the field of substance abuse, in part because there simply are no clear-cut answers which can be universally applied. Nevertheless, dogmatism has been all too common in the teaching as well as the treatment of addiction, and there is a general tendency to view the problem simplistically and to advocate a specific modality as the solution. Teaching new professionals to apply the holistic perspective of the epidemiologist will enhance the likelihood of establishing realistic program goals, and adopting a comprehensive, balanced approach.

Epidemiologic Methods↗
PubMed1976

Reliability of self-reported age of first drug use: analysis of New York City narcotics register data.

New York City Narcotics Register data were analyzed to determine the consistency of self-reported age of first drug use among multiple reports on a single individual. There were 15,263 individuals with two or more reports between January 1973 and April 1974 which specified age of first drug use. Discrepancies were noted in 68% of cases; in 31% the responses differed by 3 or more years. Even among reports from a single agency, there were discrepancies in 45% of cases. The degree of consistency was only slightly better when the analysis was restricted to subjects 20 years of age and younger. No comparable inconsistency was observed with respect to self-reported year of birth.

Adolescent↗